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MACROMOLECULES EXAMPLE IS NOT THE MAIN THING IN INFLUENCING OTHERS. IT IS THE ONLY THING. ALBERT SCHWEITZER Ch.16 J.C. Rowe Windsor University School of Medicine

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Concept map polymerisation Condensation polymerisation Naturally occurring Addition polymerisation synthethic

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Condensation Polymerisation Naturally occurring CarbohydratesGlucoseProteinAmino acidsNucleotideNucleic acids

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Addition Polymerisation synthetic thermoplastic Alkenes Thermosetting plastics Alkenes

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Macromolecules Large molecules Macromolecules are formed when monomers are linked together to form longer chains called polymers. The same process of making & breaking polymers is found in all living organisms.

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Monomers & functional groups

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Combinations of different units

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Glucose molecule

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Formation of starch Starch is formed from 2 monomer units, glucose & fructose, which link together via condensation reaction to produce the disaccharide sucrose. The enzyme salivary amylase, found in saliva, hydrolyses starch into its monomer units.

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Combination of glucose units

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Repeating unit

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Amino acid units

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Proteins Proteins are made up of amino acid monomer units. The amino end (-NH2) of one amino acid join up with the acid end (-COOH) of another amino acid to form a peptide bond.

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Monomer/Polymer/Cellular structure

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Plastics Addition polymers are formed by subjecting the monomer to high pressure & temperature in the presence of a catalyst. Polyesters & polyamides (nylon) are synthetic fibers made from condensation polymerisation. There are 2 types of plastics : thermoplastics (easily remoulded) & thermosetting plastics (cannot be re- melted or remoulded)

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Polymerisation

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I am only one, but still I am one. I cannot do everything, but still I can do something. I will not refuse to do the something I can do. Helen Keller