Macromolecule Practice Test - Mr. Uchime · Macromolecule Practice Test Name: Date: 1. Filter Type of Number of Colonies Paper Antiseptic Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 1 Bleach 2 6 11 2 Alcohol

Macromolecule Practice Test

Name: Date:

1.

Filter Type of Number of ColoniesPaper Antiseptic Day 1 Day 2 Day 3

1 Bleach∗ 2 6 11

2 Alcohol 1 4 7

3 Mouthwash 5 12 21

4 Disinfectant∗ 1 3 3∗May be toxic to humans if taken internally

Each of four pieces of filter paper was saturatedwith a different antiseptic. An agar plate wascontaminated with a source of bacteria and onepiece of filter paper was placed in each sectionof the plate as shown. The number of bacterialcolonies growing in each section was recordeddaily in the chart shown. Which of the antisepticstested would be the best to use when sterilizing afever thermometer for use in the mouth?

A. Bleach B. Alcohol

C. Mouthwash D. Disinfectant

2. According to the graph shown, which of thechemicals is most soluble in water at 90◦C?

A. A B. B C. C D. D

3. What is the probability that two people who arehybrid for brown eyes (Bb) will have a blue-eyedchild? (B = genes for brown eye color, b = genesfor blue eye color)

A. 0% B. 25% C. 50% D. 75%

4. A bird is hatched and raised in an indoorlaboratory completely isolated from other membersof its species. It is imprinted on the scientist whoraises it. If the bird is later released into the wild,which of the following behaviors would the birdbe most likely to perform with ease?

A. Singing the song typical of its species

B. Flying

C. Finding a mate

D. Following the migratory route of its species

5. Which of the following animals is probably welladapted to a hot, dry environment?

A. A rabbit with small ears and fur that is brownin summer and white in winter

B. A rodent that sleeps underground during theday

C. A white fox with long fur, small ears, and abulky body

D. A long-legged bird that has dark feathers andeats snails and small fish

page 1

6. Which of the following groups of organisms is notrepresented in the diagram of a simple food web?

A. Decomposers B. Predators

C. Consumers D. Producers

7. The graph given shows how temperature affectsthe rate of digestion of a protein by an enzyme.Based on the information, which of the followingis true?

A. Digestion of this protein is equally effective at35◦C and 55◦C.

B. Any enzyme will digest this protein at 40◦C.

C. This enzyme is most effective for digestingthis protein between 35◦C and 45◦C.

D. An increase in temperature always increasesthe rate at which this protein is digested.

8. Based on the results of the investigation shownabove, egg white contains which of the following?

TubeNumber

TubeContents

IodineTest

Benedict’sTest

BiuretTest

1 Sugar Brown Green, Orange Blue

2 Starch Blue-Black Blue Blue

3 Protein Brown Blue Purple

4 Egg White Brown Blue Purple

5 Water Brown Blue Blue

A. Sugar only

B. Starch only

C. Protein only

D. Sugar, starch, and protein

9.

The figure above shows two beakers interconnectedby a tube that is partitioned by transparentmaterial permeable to water but impermeable toprotein. Beaker A contains a 3 percent proteinsolution and beaker B a 6 percent protein solution.

If one assumes uniform temperature and pressure,which of the following statements describes whatwill happen in the system?

A. Water will move from A to B.

B. Water will move from B to A.

C. Protein will move from A to B.

D. Protein will move from B to A.

page 2 Macromolecule Practice Test

10. The function of what structure in living cellsis represented by the transparent material in theexperiment diagrammed above?

A. The cell membrane B. Cytoplasm

C. Nucleus D. The cell wall

11. All living things contain which element?

A. helium B. sodium

C. copper D. carbon

12. Plants and animals are composed of organiccompounds. Which of the following are thecommon elements found in organic compounds?

A. iron, oxygen, nickel, copper

B. sodium, potassium, gold, hydrogen

C. helium, neon, argon, krypton

D. carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

13. Which of the following elements is best able tocombine with itself and hydrogen (H) to formlarge molecules?

A. sodium (Na) B. lithium (Li)

C. sulfur (S) D. carbon (C)

14. Which of the following compounds is most likelyto be part of living organisms?

A. C6H12O6 B. BF3

C. MoCl2 D. CsI

15. Which of the following is the fundamental elementfound in all living organisms?

A. iron B. carbon

C. calcium D. magnesium

16. There are many different enzymes located in thecytoplasm of a single cell. How is a specificenzyme able to catalyze a specific reaction?

A. Different enzymes are synthesized in specificareas of the cytoplasm.

B. Most enzymes can catalyze many differentreactions.

C. An enzyme binds to a specific substrate(reactant) for the reaction catalyzed.

D. Enzymes are transported to specific substrates(reactants) by ribosomes.


17. Although there are a limited number of aminoacids, many different types of proteins existbecause the

A. size of a given amino acid can vary.

B. chemical composition of a given amino acidcan vary.

C. sequence and number of amino acids isdifferent.

D. same amino acid can have many differentproperties.

18. The clear protein of an egg white becomes opaqueand firm when cooked because the heat

A. mutates the DNA.

B. turns the protein into carbohydrates.

C. stops protein formation.

D. changes the protein structure.

19. Proteins are large macromolecules composed ofthousands of subunits. The structure of the proteindepends on the sequence of

A. lipids. B. monosaccharides.

C. amino acids. D. nucleosides.

20. What types of monomers form proteins?

A. Glucose B. Nucleotides

C. Amino acids D. Polyatomic ions

21. Carbohydrates are macromolecules used for energyin living organisms. Large carbohydrate moleculesare made of smaller building blocks calledmonosaccharides.

The arrangement of which three components isused to distinguish one monosaccharide fromanother?

A. Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

B. Glucose, fructose, and ribose

C. Peptide, fatty acid, and purine

D. Water, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen

22. Use the pictures below to answer the question.

Which shows the correct order from simplest tomost complex?

A. Cell → Tissue → Organ

B. Organ → Tissue → Cell

C. Cell → Organ → Tissue

D. Tissue → Organ → Cell


23. Use this diagram to answer the question.

What is the main purpose of the mitochondriashown by the arrow?

A. cell reproduction

B. cellular digestion

C. energy production

D. protein manufacture

24. Which statement about plant and animal cells istrue?

A. Both have a cell wall to give them support.

B. Both have a large vacuole to store water.

C. Both use mitochondria to produce energy.

D. Both use chloroplasts to store energy.

25. Which of the following is a primary function ofcarbohydrates?

A. storage of energy

B. transmission of genetic material

C. acceleration of chemical reactions

D. transport of molecules across membranes

26. Many aquatic birds secrete waxy organic substancesthat repel water. The birds use these substances tocoat their feathers. An analysis of these substanceswould reveal that they are composed mostly of

A. lipids. B. proteins.

C. carbohydrates. D. nucleic acids.

27. Carbon atoms in organic molecules most commonlybond to atoms of hydrogen, oxygen, and

A. calcium. B. magnesium.

C. nitrogen. D. sodium.


28. The table below shows the elemental compositionof three different types of organisms.

Elemental Composition of SelectedOrganisms (percent by weight)

Element Human Alfalfa E.coliBacterium

O 65.0 77.9 73.7

C 18.5 11.3 12.1

H 9.5 8.7 9.9

X 3.3 0.8 3.0

P 1.0 0.7 0.6

S 0.3 0.1 0.3

Total 97.6% 99.5% 99.6%

The X in the table represents which of thefollowing elements?

A. calcium (Ca) B. iron (Fe)

C. nitrogen (N) D. sodium (Na)

29. The structure of an organic molecule is representedbelow.

In this organic molecule, which element isidentified by each X?

A. iron B. carbon

C. sodium D. phosphorus

30. The molecule ATP is composed of elementscommonly found in organic molecules. Which ofthe following is one of these elements?

A. aluminum B. calcium

C. phosphorus D. tin

31. If scientists search other planets for possiblelife, they are likely to focus on the presenceof molecules containing which of the followingelements?

A. carbon B. iron

C. potassium D. sodium

32. In red blood cells, the compound carbonicanhydrase increases the rate at which carbondioxide is converted to bicarbonate ions fortransport in the blood. In red blood cells, carbonicanhydrase acts as which of the following?

A. an enzyme B. a hormone

C. a lipid D. a sugar


33. Many plants have waxy coatings on some surfaces.This coating reduces water loss because it is notwater-permeable. This waxy coating is which ofthe following types of organic molecule?

A. carbohydrate B. lipid

C. nucleic acid D. protein

34. Ovalbumin is a protein found in eggs. Whichof the following best describes the molecularstructure of ovalbumin?

A. a group of six carbon atoms joined in a ring

B. a chain of amino acids folded and twistedinto a molecule

C. a set of three fatty acids attached to amolecule of glycerol

D. a sequence of nitrogenous bases attached to asugar-phosphate backbone

35. A diagram of an organic molecule is below.

Which element is found at the positions markedby the dots (•) in the molecule?

A. carbon B. nitrogen

C. phosphorus D. sulfur

36. Which of the following lists of elements containsthe most common elements in organic compounds?

A. calcium, iron, and potassium

B. carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

C. chlorine, phosphorus, and sodium

D. copper, magnesium, and sulfur

37. Which element is the main component of allorganic molecules?

A. carbon B. nitrogen

C. potassium D. sodium

38. One category of organic compounds containsmolecules composed of long hydrocarbon chains.The hydrocarbon chains may be saturated orunsaturated.

Which of the following categories of organiccompounds contains these molecules?

A. carbohydrates B. lipids

C. nucleic acids D. proteins


39. Some bacteria contain a substance callednitrogenase. Nitrogenase catalyzes the chemicalreaction that converts atmospheric nitrogen (N2)into ammonia (NH3). Nitrogenase is an exampleof which of the following?

A. a sugar B. an enzyme

C. a nucleotide D. an amino acid

40. Which of the following categories of organicmolecules is correctly paired with one of itsfunctions?

A. nucleic acids—digest dead cells

B. lipids—give quick energy to cells

C. carbohydrates—store genetic information

D. proteins—provide structure in skin, hair, andnails

41. Energy for most chemical reactions in cells issupplied by which of the following molecules?

A. ATP B. DNA

C. adrenaline D. hemoglobin

42. Which of the following best explains why enzymesare necessary for many cellular reactions?

A. Enzymes supply the oxygen necessary for thereactions.

B. Enzymes change reactants from solid to liquidduring the reactions.

C. The reactions take up too much space in thecell if enzymes are missing.

D. The reactions are too slow to meet the needsof the cell if enzymes are missing.

43. All organisms have ways to produce ATP. Whichof the following statements describes why ATP isa critical compound for all cells?

A. It causes mitosis to begin.

B. It is an energy-transfer molecule.

C. It is a major component of cell membranes.

D. It carries information from DNA to theribosomes.


Biology students investigated various human digestive enzymes. The table below summarizes the functions of severaldifferent digestive enzymes.

Enzyme Function

salivary amylase begins to break down starch into smaller polysaccharidesor the disaccharide maltose

pepsin begins to break down proteins into small polypeptides

pancreatic amylase continues to break down starch and smaller polysaccharides intodisaccharides

lipase breaks down fats into glycerol, fatty acids, or glycerides

aminopeptidase breaks down small polypeptides into amino acids

The students conducted experiments to study digestive enzyme activity. In the first experiment, the students observed therate at which salivary amylase breaks down starch (the substrate) in solutions with different pH values. The studentsthen performed the same type of experiment with pepsin. The graph below shows the students’ results for the twoexperiments.


44. Fatty acids are one of the products that result fromthe action of lipase in the digestive system. Whatis one way that fatty acids are used in the body?

A. for storing energy

B. for encoding genetic information

C. as the building blocks of antibodies

D. as the building blocks of hemoglobin

45. Which of the following statements describes therole of ATP in animal cells?

A. ATP stores and releases energy.

B. ATP forms the channels in the plasmamembrane.

C. ATP serves as the hereditary material in thenucleus.

D. ATP attaches to and digests unneeded organicmolecules.

46. Scientists have found geysers on one of Saturn’smoons. The geysers release water vapor containingcomplex organic compounds, which may indicatethe presence of life.

Which of the following elements is most likelyabundant in the organic compounds in the watervapor?

A. carbon B. chlorine

C. iron D. zinc

47. Which of the following statements describes aDNA molecule?

A. It contains the base uracil.

B. It has a double helix shape.

C. It contains five phosphate groups pernucleotide.

D. It has a backbone of twenty differentnucleotides.

48. The diagram below shows a pair of DNAnucleotides. The nitrogenous base guanine (G) islabeled.

Which nitrogenous base pairs with guanine?

A. adenine (A) B. cytosine (C)

C. thymine (T) D. uracil (U)

49. A student is preparing to run in a school trackcompetition. For the quickest source of energy,the student should eat a food that contains a highpercentage of

A. carbohydrates. B. fat.

C. proteins. D. sodium.


50. The graph below shows how the activity of anenzyme changes over a range of pH values.

Enzyme Activity

Which of the following conclusions is supportedby the data?

A. The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.

B. The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8.

C. The enzyme’s activity is greater aroundpH 8.0 than around pH 5.0.

D. The enzyme’s activity continually increases aspH increases from 5.0 to 9.0.

51. An amoeba in a pond engulfs and consumes aparamecium. The amoeba uses which of thefollowing to quickly break down the organicmolecules in the paramecium?

A. enzymes B. glucose

C. polysaccharides D. water

52. ATPases are enzymes that help convert ATP intoADP in cells. When a person exercises, ATPasesdirectly increase which of the following?

A. the amount of energy stored in muscle cells

B. the number of mitochondria in muscle cells

C. the number of muscle cells in muscle tissue

D. the amount of energy released in muscle cells

53. Vitamin D is an organic molecule that regulatesthe absorption of calcium by the body. Whichof the following elements is most common in amolecule of vitamin D?

A. aluminum B. carbon

C. magnesium D. sodium

54. The role of an enzyme in a chemical reaction isto change which of the following?

A. the type of reaction

B. the activation energy of the reaction

C. the pH at which the reaction occurs

D. the temperature at which the reaction occurs


55. Which type of molecule in the yolk of a chickenegg provides the most energy for a developingchick?

A. lipid B. nucleic acid

C. salt D. water

56. Muscle cells need to quickly convert energy fromfood molecules into a usable form. For thisreason, which of the following do muscle cellshave in greater numbers than most other types ofcells?

A. chromosomes B. mitochondria

C. nuclei D. vacuoles

57. In the first step of glycolysis, glucose is convertedto glucose-6-phosphate. Which of the followingsupplies the energy for the reaction?

A. ATP B. RNA

C. oxygen D. hydrogen

58. In the 1940s and 1950s, scientists did experimentsto determine the molecule responsible for heredity.

Their experiments demonstrated that the moleculethat encodes and transmits information inorganisms is

A. DNA. B. glucosamine.

C. insulin. D. vitamin D.

59. Which group of organic compounds contains fattyacids?

A. carbohydrates B. lipids

C. nucleic acids D. proteins

60. Cellular respiration involves a series of chemicalreactions. Which of the following is a primaryway that enzymes affect these reactions?

A. They decrease the pH of the products.

B. They increase the rate of the reactions.

C. They take the place of oxygen as a reactant.

D. They change the location of the reactions inthe cell.


61. Amylase is an enzyme that allows the human bodyto digest starch. Which of these diagrams bestrepresents part of the structure of amylase?

A.

B.

C.

D.

62. Most carbohydrates in the human body are

A. used as building blocks for proteins

B. used as catalysts for reactions in cells

C. consumed as a source of energy

D. not easily absorbed into the bloodstream

63. Which of the following shows a DNA molecule?

A. B.

C. D.


64. A DNA molecule is shaped like a double helix,which looks like a twisted ladder.

DNA Model

Which of the following best describes the sectionof the ladder that contains a hereditary gene?

A. The top of the ladder

B. The bottom of the ladder

C. The vertical sides of the ladder

D. The horizontal sections of the ladder

65. The molecules made by living cells are mainlyassembled around which element?

A. Calcium B. Carbon

C. Hydrogen D. Oxygen

66. Which of the following is a lipid?

A. Cholesterol B. Cellulose

C. Glucose D. Protein

67. Proteins are made of long chains of—

A. lipids. B. monosaccharides.

C. amino acids. D. enzymes.

68. Which of the following is needed to transfer andrelease energy?

A. Calcium B. Phosphate

C. Nitrate D. Potassium

69. All of the following are organic moleculesexcept—

A. protein. B. lipid.

C. carbohydrate. D. salt.


70. The glucose produced during photosynthesis is anexample of a—

A. lipid. B. monosaccharide.

C. protein. D. nucleic acid.

71.

In the diagram above, the substance labeled X ismost likely—

A. an enzyme. B. water.

C. ATP. D. oxygen.

72. This is a diagram of a plant cell.

Which organelle is used to transfer energy and canalso be found in an animal cell?

A. B. C. D.


Use the information to answer the the following question(s).

DNA

Scientists study DNA to understand heredity, disease, and the evolutionary history of organisms. During these studies,DNA must first be separated into two complementary strands. Next, the appropriate nucleotides are attached to thenucleotides in each original strand to produce two new complete DNA strands. The diagram below shows a simplemodel of this process. The letters A, T, C, and G represent the four nucleotides.


73. Which table correctly compares the DNA, cellshape, and proteins produced by a liver cell and anerve cell from the same organism?

A. DNA Cell Shape Proteins Produced

Liver and nerve cells same different different

B. DNA Cell Shape Proteins Produced

Liver and nerve cells same same different

C. DNA Cell Shape Proteins Produced

Liver and nerve cells different different different

D. DNA Cell Shape Proteins Produced

Liver and nerve cells different different same

74. A cell requires a constant energy supply to performbasic life functions. Which two organelles areprimarily responsible for energy transformations inthe cell?

A. nucleus and ribosome

B. lysosome and vacuole

C. mitochondrion and chloroplast

D. endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus


Problem-Attic format version 4.4.362c_ 2011–2018 EducAide Software

Licensed for use by Obinna UchimeTerms of Use at www.problem-attic.com

Macromolecule Practice Test 4/13/2019

1.Answer: B

2.Answer: A

3.Answer: B

4.Answer: B

5.Answer: B

6.Answer: A

7.Answer: C

8.Answer: C

9.Answer: A

10.Answer: A

11.Answer: D

12.Answer: D

13.Answer: D

14.Answer: A

15.Answer: B

16.Answer: C

17.Answer: C

18.Answer: D

19.Answer: C

20.Answer: C

21.Answer: A

22.Answer: A

23.Answer: C

24.Answer: C

25.Answer: A

26.Answer: A

27.Answer: C

28.Answer: C

29.Answer: B

30.Answer: C

31.Answer: A

32.Answer: A

33.Answer: B

34.Answer: B

35.Answer: A

36.Answer: B

37.Answer: A

38.Answer: B

39.Answer: B

40.Answer: D

Teacher’s Key Page 2

41.Answer: A

42.Answer: D

43.Answer: B

44.Answer: A

45.Answer: A

46.Answer: A

47.Answer: B

48.Answer: B

49.Answer: A

50.Answer: A

51.Answer: A

52.Answer: D

53.Answer: B

54.Answer: B

55.Answer: A

56.Answer: B

57.Answer: A

58.Answer: A

59.Answer: B

60.Answer: B

61.Answer: C

62.Answer: C

63.Answer: A

64.Answer: D

65.Answer: B

66.Answer: A

67.Answer: C

68.Answer: B

69.Answer: D

70.Answer: B

71.Answer: A

72.Answer: A

73.Answer: A

74.Answer: C

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Macromolecule Practice Test - Mr. Uchime · Macromolecule Practice Test Name: Date: 1. Filter Type of Number of Colonies Paper Antiseptic Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 1 Bleach 2 6 11 2 Alcohol