111

`As`

[1 2] Cd``38` [3]

[4] Cu`[5]

200062Wang Fan Wang Yang (College of Resource and Environment, East China Normal University,

Shanghai 200062)* ( 475004)

Ma Jianhua* (Institute of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004)

Abstract To use a health risk assessment model of the United States Environmental Protection Agency(USEPA), the health harmfulness of heavy metals in groundwater of a yam planting area in Huilou village ofYucheng county was quantitatively assessed while other pieces of land beyond the yam planting area wereselected as control areas in Shenfen village and Wangxulou village, respectively. The results showed that therehave been some health risks to the local people caused by the heavy metal contamination in groundwater.Except for at the spots Nos. W17, W18 and W19 within the yam planting area, health risks of the chemical carcino-gens Cr and Cd to individuals were both at a level of 10 4 per year, higher than the maximum allowance risklevels recommended by International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) (5 10 5 per year). Interms of non-carcinogens Pb, Zn and Cu through ingestion, the health risks to individuals were all lower than themaximum allowance levels recommended by ICRP. The health risks of chemical carcinogens accounted for 99.9%personal annual risk, in which the key element was chromium. It was found that the health risk of Cr and totalones of chemical carcinogens and non-carcinogens in groundwater of the control areas were all higher to indi-viduals than that of yam planting area.

Key words: Huilou village of Yucheng county Groundwater Heavy metals Health risk assessment Yam

721021500291984` 2008`

* mjh@henu.edu.cn

112

Health Risk Assessment HRA`20` `80` 1

`1`

`Smith[6]` `Kerger[7]`[8]`

`120` `Cu Hg Cd `As`[9]`

`7` `Cr Cd` `As`[10]` `Cr 6 Cd As` `Pb`

[11]` [12]`

2

4`400`

`3 4`

Cr Pb Cd Cu``Zn

2.1

`4` `21`W1 W21 `W8 W11` `12.2

500 mL `1 1`1 `1 1`

`3``0.5 m

`1 mL` `HNO3`

50 mL` `100 mL` `15 mL`25 mL`

2.3 `GB/T 5750.6 2006[13]

`AAS

F AAS`AA 6601F`

2.4

`As Cd` `Cr``Cu Pb` `Zn`

EPA[5]`

∑=

=k

i

cig

c RR1

1

113

70/)]exp(1[ igigcig qDR ⋅−−= 2

Rc k`a 1

Rcig `i`

a 1

Dig `i`mg / kg d

qig ` i `mg / kg d

i k

70 aDig

Dig=[ 2.2 ci(x) ] / 70 3 2.2 L

ci x `i` mg /kg70 kg

∑=

=k

i

nig

n RR1

4

ig

ignig DfR

DR

7010 6−

= 5

Rn a 1

Rnig `i`

a 1

R f Dig `i`mg / kg d

Rt

Rt = Rc + Rn 6[10 11 14 15] `Cd` `Cr`q i g `6.1 mg / kg d

`41 mg/ kg d `Pb Cu` `Zn`R f Dig `1.4 10 3 mg / kg d 5.0 10 3

mg/ kg d `0.3 mg / kg d

3.1 `1 `1`

`0.023`1 0.076`1 mg/L `0.062`6 mg/L`0.015`5 0.023`8 mg /L`

0.010`7 mg/L 0.253`9 mg/L``0.136`5 mg/L `1.41 10 4 3.18

10 4 mg/L `2.06 10 4 mg/L`0.171`4 mg/L` `0.049`7 mg/L

Cr

0.0980.111 40.071 30.0780.171 40.064 60.0580.017 90.0580.037 90.011 30.011 3

0.031 30.024 60.049 70.046 8

94.17

W1

W2

W3

W4

W5

W6

W7

W12

W13

W14

W15

W16

W17

W18

W19

W20

W21

(SD)(Cv)( )

Cu

0.065 60.069 10.076 10.075 30.050.061 90.023 10.050.064 90.0530.061 90.0530.072 60.074 40.074 40.074 40.064 80.062 60.013 7

21.82

Pb

0.058 20.136 50.077 70.214 80.097 30.038 60.058 2

0.077 70.175 60.116 90.195 20.234 40.195 20.253 90.175 60.214 80.136 50.077

56.42

Zn

1.41 10 4

1.66 10 4

1.93 10 4

2.21 10 4

1.81 10 4

1.93 10 4

2.03 10 4

3.18 10 4

2.00 10 4

2.00 10 4

2.49 10 4

2.16 10 4

1.87 10 4

1.88 10 4

2.21 10 4

2.18 10 4

2.07 10 4

2.06 10 4

3.75 10 5

18.20

Cd

0.015 50.006 60.009 10.016 20.007 30.014 50.008 70.013 60.023 80.009 00.006 50.022 00.012 50.002 00.001 60.003 30.009 70.010 70.006 4

59.53

114

Cr

0.037 90.064 60.071 30.111 40.071 3

W8

W9

W10

W11

Cu

0.0410.014 10.023 10.0440.030 6

Pb

0.077 70.136 50.058 20.156 10.107 1

Zn

1.50 10 4

1.56 10 4

1.65 10 4

1.90 10 4

1.65 10 4

Cd

0.005 20.028 2

0.010 80.011 0

`Pb>Cu>Cr>Cd>Zn

`Pb >Cr>Cu >Cd>Zn

`200`1

1`1

`1 3 m`

3.2 `1`

`2

[8]

3.2.1 `2` `Cr`

Cd Cr` `4.32 10 4/a`ICRP`

`5.0 10 5/a `W5``1.42 10 3 /a `ICRP`

`28.4` `W17 W18` `W19` `Cr``ICRP`

`ICRP` `82.4`Cd` `ICRP`

`1.46 10 5 /a `W13

`3.25 10 5 /a `ICRP``W2 W15 W18 W19` `10 6`

`10 5 /a`Cr` `Cd`

`96.73 ` `3.27 Cr`3.2.2

`Pb Zn` `Cu``ICRP`Pb` `6.20 10 9

4.07 10 8 /a` Cu` `10 9 /a`Zn` `10 12 /a`3.2.3

`2.1610 6 1.43 10 3 /a` `W17 W18` `W19`

`ICRP``W5` `1.43 10 3 /a

`28.6` `W18` `W19``98.7 ` `98.0 `

`99.9 `

3.2.4 `2`

`4 .47 10 4 /a`6.39 10 4 /a

`ICRP``7.0 19.4`

`99.9 `

`Cr`

`1.44` Cd``Pb Zn` `Cu`

`1.72 10 8 /a 1.24 10 12 /a` `1.37 10 9/a

115

`78.5 80.5 ` `48.8`ICRP`

`Cr``Cr` Cr`

4.1` Cr` `Cd

`W17 W18` `W19` `10 4 /a``ICRP`

8.69 10 4

9.64 10 4

6.40 10 4

7.05 10 4

1.43 10 3

5.91 10 4

5.26 10 4

1.82 10 4

5.47 10 4

3.53 10 4

1.12 10 4

1.33 10 4

1.71 10 5

2.71 10 6

2.16 10 6

2.87 10 4

2.36 10 4

4.47 10 4

3.95 10 4

88.37

3.48 10 4

6.10 10 4

6.27 10 4

9.70 10 4

6.39 10 4

W1

W2

W3

W4

W5

W6

W7

W12

W13

W14

W15

W16

W17

W18

W19

W20

W21

(SD)(Cv)( )

W8

W9

W10

W11

Pb

9.35 10 9

2.19 10 8

1.25 10 8

3.45 10 8

1.56 10 8

6.20 10 9

9.35 10 9

1.25 10 8

2.82 10 8

1.88 10 8

3.13 10 8

3.76 10 8

3.13 10 8

4.07 10 8

2.82 10 8

3.45 10 8

2.19 10 8

1.24 10 8

56.62

1.25 10 8

2.19 10 8

9.35 10 9

2.51 10 8

1.72 10 8

Zn

1.06 10 12

1.24 10 12

1.44 10 12

1.65 10 12

1.35 10 12

1.44 10 12

1.52 10 12

2.38 10 12

1.50 10 12

1.50 10 12

1.86 10 12

1.62 10 12

1.40 10 12

1.41 10 12

1.65 10 12

1.63 10 12

1.55 10 12

1.54 10 12

2.81 10 13

18.25

1.12 10 12

1.17 10 12

1.23 10 12

1.42 10 12

1.24 10 12

Cu

2.95 10 9

3.10 10 9

3.42 10 9

3.38 10 9

2.25 10 9

2.78 10 9

1.04 10 9

2.25 10 9

2.92 10 9

2.38 10 9

2.78 10 9

2.38 10 9

3.26 10 9

3.34 10 9

3.34 10 9

3.34 10 9

2.91 10 9

2.81 10 9

6.12 10 10

2.18

1.84 10 9

6.35 10 10

1.04 10 9

1.98 10 9

1.37 10 9

Cd

2.13 10 5

9.05 10 6

1.25 10 5

2.21 10 5

1.00 10 5

1.98 10 5

1.19 10 5

1.87 10 5

3.25 10 5

1.23 10 5

8.85 10 6

3.01 10 5

1.71 10 5

2.68 10 6

2.12 10 6

4.53 10 6

1.33 10 5

1.46 10 5

8.71 10 6

59.66

7.05 10 6

3.86 10 5

1.48 10 5

1.51 10 5

Cr

8.48 10 4

9.55 10 4

6.27 10 4

6.83 10 4

1.42 10 3

5.71 10 4

5.14 10 4

1.63 10 4

5.14 10 4

3.41 10 4

1.03 10 4

1.03 10 4

2.82 10 4

2.23 10 4

4.32 10 4

3.94 10 4

91.20

3.41 10 4

5.71 10 4

6.27 10 4

9.55 10 4

6.24 10 4

Pb Zn` `Cu `10 9 10 8 /a``ICRP`

4.2` `99.9 `Cr`

4.3`

`Cr

`2004`

116

2009 11 09

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