Course structure and Detailed Syllabus of the proposed MTech course in Electronics and Communication Technology with approval from the AICTE (All India Council for Technical Education) under

Gauhati University

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Department of Electronics Science Gauhati University

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Introduction

The Department of Electronics Science, since its inception, has been offering the MSc

Electronics Science programme adhering to its laid objectives. Initially the department was started in the

building of the department of Physics and it was subsequently shifted to its present location in early 1996.

Some of the major achievements of the department in the past five years are enlisted below:

• The department has received financial assistance under FIST programme of the Department of Science

and Technology, Govt of India in 2001 and has been benefited considerably while setting up of an

Advanced Computational lab and partial modernization of its existing infrastructure.

• The Gauhati University has (in 2005-06) recognized the MSc (Electronics Science) course to be

equivalent to the BE (Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering) course offered by it for

technical jobs.

• The department also has the honour of housing CDAC’s Project Garuda Center of Gauhati University

which is a partner institute in the CDAC’s Garuda Grid Computing Initiative.

• The department currently is running four externally funded research projects amounting to nearly Rs. 50

lac.s.

• The department has been recommended by the NAAC as follows: University leadership is invited to focus its attention to the Department of Electronics for meeting the urge of its faculty and students to scale heights for reaching the category of the Major departments, since they have the potential for growth and are highly relevant to meet the changing needs of time. (Ref. NAAC Report No. GU/QAC/GC/1/2000/161-77 dtd. 16.11.01).

Keeping in mind the fast changing scenario of Electronics Technology the department is constantly evolving measures to keep itself updated through limited resources available by

• Making frequent revisions of the syllabus, • Innovative teaching methods, • Hiring experts and peers in the field to deliver lectures and evaluate students’ performances in final

examinations, • Design based project works, • Computer-oriented learning through the use of subject specific software etc.

The department has laid a road map for the next few years which includes a number

of major changes in its present structure and related infrastructure which are essential to make the students

passing out of the department remain in the reckoning in the ever shrinking job-scenario. The department

visualizes its road map for the next few years as:

o Initiation of MTech (and later BTech) course in Electronics and Communication Technology

under Gauhati University with AICTE approval

o Initiation of MPhil course in Electronics Science and Technology primarily for college teachers

for providing academic progression up to research.

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o Initiation of a one year Post Graduate Diploma in Electronics Science and Technology under

Gauhati University as a distance learning programme.

o Initiation of short term career oriented courses under a separate unit of the department to

provide need based vocational training to the educated unemployed of the state.

o Offering design and development consultancy on a regular basis to the industry to improve the

academic- industry linkage.

o Providing impetus to a strong R&D drive in certain leading areas like-

Nano-Technology,

Quantum dots,

Web based applications,

Opto- Electronics,

Sensor development,

Artificial Neural Networks applications,

Computer Vision, Pattern Classification and Recognition,

VLSI Design

The infrastructure facilities primarily the laboratories needs to be revamped as early

as possible to make the efforts be in tune to meet the challenges to be posed by the road map laid by the

department. The department will also need a new multistoried RCC structure as an extension to the present

one to meet the necessities of the new courses, house new laboratories and related facilities and setup

improved hostel accommodation etc.

Hence funds are required so as to have a contemporary mechanism to provide

exposure to the students to the fast changing world of Electronics both within and outside the curriculum and

also to provide basic infrastructure for promoting R& D activities in the field of Nano Science and

technology, Web Technology, Opto-Electronics, Digital Signal Processing, Artificial Neural Network, etc..

This would contribute to the growth for achieving a stage which would help the department to convert into a

major one.

This department, being the only department in the entire NE region offering M.Sc

Electronics Science course, strongly feels the necessity to open new vistas of teaching and learning of

Electronics with the introduction of MTech (and BTech) course.

The MSc Electronics Science course being run by the department has a syllabus

and a course structure with all the pre-requisites to meet the industry needs. But an inclination of the private

sector and some public sector towards BTech / MTech degree holders places the students obtaining the MSc

Electronics Science degree in a precarious position. This is an all-India phenomenon. Hence, the department

wants to make a change by converting the present MSc Electronics Science course into an MTech

programme with an extended form containing contemporary discourses of study.

The BTech programme- planned for introduction some time later, can be seen to be

a launch pad of an extended platform for systematic study of Electronics in the under graduate level. Very

few similar courses are available in the NE region which has lead to the migration of a large chunk of the

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students of the region to other parts of the country in pursuit of such courses. It has amounted to severe

financial loses to the entire region. The introduction of such a course will be a small measure towards

arresting this migration. It will help to produce properly trained manpower to meet the needs of the industry

and related sectors that has relevance to Electronics. The objective is to place the students in a better position

with respect to job placements. Many times the title of the degree obtained plays a crucial role. This has been

a fact observed by the department very often. Hence, this change over is essential to help the students be

better equipped to meet the needs of the changing times.

The following pages present the details of the proposed MTech programme in

Electronics and Communication Technology. The details are like entry, progression, course structure

examination and detailed syllabus.

Prof. (Mrs) P. Datta, HoD, Electronics Science.

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1. Course Structure of the proposed MTech in Electronics and Communication Technology under

Gauhati University

Bridge Programme: (4 Semesters, Two Years)

Semester Course Contents with distribution of marks Marks Total Marks

A. Electronic Materials 70 ELM 101 B. Mathematical Methods 30

100

ELM 102 Network Analysis 100A. Quantum Mechanics 40 ELM 103 B. Semiconductor Devices 60

100

A. Digital Design 50 ELM 104 B. Microprocessor-1 50

100

A. Analog & Digital Design 50

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ELM 105 Lab 1 B. Microprocessor 50

100

500 (minimum 200 hours)

A. Electromagnetics 50 ELM 201 B. Microwave 50

100

A. Power Electronics 50 ELM 202 B. Control System 50

100

ELM 203 Communication System 100A. Opto-Electronics 50 ELM 204 B. Instrumentation 50

100

A. Microwave, Control System & Power Electronics

50

2.

ELM 205 Lab 2

B. Communication System 50

100

500 (minimum 200 hours)

A: IC Process Technology 60 ELM 301 B: Device Design 40

100

A. Mechatronics 50 ELM 302 B. Electronic System Design 50

100

A. Digital Communication 50 ELM 303 B. Signals & Systems 50

100

ELM 304 Web Technology 100 ELM 305 Elective: A. Microprocessor II

B. Microwave-II 100

3.

ELM 306 Lab 3: Project 1 (Phase I) 100

600 (minimum 240 hours)

ELM 401 Electrical Machines 100 A. Programming in C++ 50 ELM 402 B. Operating System 50

100

ELM 403 Photonics 100 ELM 404 Communication Networks 100

ELM 405

Elective: A. Introduction to Nanotechnology B. Microcontroller

100

4.

ELM 406 Lab 4 : Project 1(Phase-II)

100

600 (minimum 240 hours)

Core Programme (4 Semesters-2 Years)

Semester Paper Contents with distribution of marks Marks Total Marks

A. Linear Algebra 50 ELM-501 B. Random Process 50

100

ELM-502 VLSI Technology 100 ELM-503 Digital Signal Processing 100ELM-504 Satellite Communication 100

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ELM-505 Lab 5 : Advanced Design 100

500 (minimum 200hours)

ELM-601 Statistical Signal Processing 100ELM-602 VHDL & Digital Design 100ELM-603 Mobile Communication 100

i. Advanced Communication Networks 100ii. Advanced Processor Architecture 100

iii. Embedded Systems 100iv. Bio Medical Signal Processing 100v. Robotics 100

vi. Bio-Electronics 100vii. Advanced Antenna Design 100

viii. Advanced Photonics 100

ELM-604 Electives

ix.

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ELM-605 Optical Communication 100

500 (minimum 200 hours)

ELM-701 Digital Image Processing 100i.Neural Networks 100

ii.Bluetooth 100iii.Bio-Informatics 100iv.Speech Processing 100v.Optical Sensors 100

vi.Computer Vision 100vii.Soft Computing 100

ELM-702 Electives

viii.Data Security 100ELM-703 DSP Processors 100

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ELM-704 Project II (Phase-1) 200

500 (minimum 200 hours)

ELM-801 Project II (Phase-2) 400 i) Management Lectures 50

ii) Industrial Training & Seminar Presentation 40

8 ELM-802

iii) Community Service / Techno-entrepreneurship 10

100 500 (minimum 200 hours)

Total marks 4200 (minimum 1680 hours)

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2. Detailed Syllabus

1st Semester

ELM 101: Electronic Materials and Mathematical Methods A. Electronic Materials Unit 1: Crystalline, polycrystalline and amorphous materials, Defects in Crystals, Reciprocal lattice, Diffraction condition. Lattice Dynamics, acoustic and optical phonons, Electrical properties of metals, Unit 2: Semiconductors, Intrinsic and extrinsic Semiconductors: Fermi level, Carrier concentration, Conductivity, Cyclotron resonance, Classification of semiconductors-elemental, compound and oxide semiconductors Crystal structure of semiconductors, Energy band structures of elemental, compound and heavily doped semiconductors, Band structure modification. Ohmic contact and Rectifying contact, Schottky effect, Speed of operation, Carrier statistics in non-parabolic semiconductors: Electron density and Fermi level, Equilibrium carrier concentration, Impurity statistics, Donors and acceptors, Deep levels, Effect of external field on carrier statistics. Generation and recombination in semiconductors, Photoconductors, Luminescence, Liquid Crystals, Dielectric materials: Nonlinear effects in Dielectrics, Ferro electricity, Piezoelectricity, Unit 3: Quantized Free electron gas, Electrical conductivity, Boltzmann Transport equation, Energy bands in solids, Quantized Free zones Unit 4: Superconductivity and superconducting materials, Josephson effect, SQUID, High temperature superconductivity, Magnetic materials: Ferromagnetism, Spin wave, Ferrites, Magnetic bubbles, Electrical conduction in polymers, polymer materials (OLED) New sensor materials optical fiber materials Ceramics materials, Solar cell materials, material for VLSI. Unit 5: Scattering mechanisms in semiconductors, quantum Boltzman’s transport equation, Transport coefficients, quantum processes in semiconductors under electric and magnetic fields, Optical and thermal processes in semiconductors, High field transport in semiconductors. Low-dimensional semiconductor structures: super lattice, quantum wells, wires and dots, Influence of electric and magnetic fields, B. Mathematical Methods Unit 1: Fundamentals of probability, conditional probability, Bayes’ theorem, Random variable, Mathematical expectation, sum and products of expectation, moments and their properties. statistical averages, transformation of random variables; Discrete and continuous distributions, Binomial, Poisson and Normal distribution; random process, stationarity, mean, correlation and covariance, ergodicity, transmission of a random process through a linear filter, power spectral density, Gaussian process; Introduction to Stochastic Process; Unit 2: Simple correlation and regression, Bivariate data, correlation analysis. Properties of correlation co-efficient, Regression analysis. Some important results relation to regression lines. Unit 3: Small Sampling theory and sampling distributions: Four basic distributions viz. chi-square distribution, t-distribution, F distribution standard normal distribution, Applications of these four distributions, idea of standard error. Unit 4: Integral transforms, Fourier and Laplace transform. Finite difference: interpolation and numerical integration. Vector set of materials. Suggested reading: Electronic Materials

1. Physics of semiconductor devices- S.M Sze John Wiley 2. Semiconductor devices- J. Singh, Mcgrawhill 3. Semiconductor optoelectronics device- P. Bhattacharya, Pearson Education; 4. Solid State Electronic Devices- Banerjee, Streetman, Pearson Education; 5. An Introduction to Solid State Physics- Charles Kittel, Wiley Publishers. 6. Electronics in metals- J.M.Ziman. 7. Solid state Electronics- S.Wang. 8. Electrical properties of materials- L.Solymar and D Walsh

Mathematical Methods

1. Fundamental of Statistics, Vol.-I- Goon, Gupta & Dasgupta, World Press, Kolkatta. 2. Mathematical Statistics – Kapoor and Gupta, Sultan Chand, New Delhi. 3. An Introduction to Statistics, Vol-I &II, L. Choudhury, Kitap Ghar, Guwahati-I.

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4. Probability and its Application- Saxena, Pragati Prakasan 5. Probability, Random Process & Stochastic Process- Populis, John wiley

ELM 102 : Network Analysis Unit – 1 Network analysis & Review of network theorems: Elements of a Network, Network geometry; Graph and Tree of a network, Node and Mesh analysis, Superposition, Maximum power transfer, Thevenin’s and Norton’s theorem. Unit – 2 Network parameters of two port network: Short circuit admittance, open circuit impedance, transmission and Hybrid parameters, T-section and Π section representation of a two port network, Symmetrical, Ladder and Lattice network. Unit – 3 Transient response and Laplace tranformation of networks: Step function response of linear R-L, R-C, and R-L-C network.Network analysis using Laplace transformation: Laplace Transformation and inverse Laplace tranformation, Application of Laplace transformation in R-L, R-C and R-L-C networks; Response to R-L, R-C and R-L-C networks to step & sinusoidal voltage, impedance and transfer function of a two port network. Phasor diagram, Driving point impedance and transfer impedance, magnitude and phase response curves in S-planes, Poles and Zeroes, Method of partial fractions. Unit – 4 Fourier analysis: Fourier analysis of a periodic signal, Fourier integral, Power and Energy relationship in Network by Fourier method. Unit – 5 Network Syntheses: Positive real functions; Hurwitz Polynomials, Realizability condition of network, Foster 1st and 2nd form ofnetwork synthesis for one port network, Cauer 1st and 2nd form. Unit – 6 Network Filters: Filter Approximation and Frequency Transformation; Passive Filters, High pass, Low pass, Band pass and band elimination filters, m-derived filters, Butterworth approximation; Chebychev and Bessel response. Suggested Reading:

1. Network analysis- G.K. Mittal, Khanna Publishers. 2. Network Theory and filters Design V.K. Aatre, Wily Eastern Ltd. 3. Engineering Circuit Analysis- W.H. Hayt and J.E. Kemmerly, McGraw Hill, 1978. 4. Network Analysis- M.E. Van Valkenberg, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd, 5. Network Analysis- Ghosh, PHI 6. Linear Circuit Analysis- Liu, Oxford University Press; 7. Network Analysis- Stanlay, Pearson Education;

ELM 103 : Quantum Mechanics and Electronic Devices and Circuits A: Quantum Mechanics Unit –1: Historical Developments of QM, Uncertainty Principle and its application Unit -2 : Schroedinger equation and its application: Time dependent form of Schrodinger equation, Probability. Density flux. Time independent form of Schroedinger equation and its application to rigid potential box, (1D & 3D), potential step, non-rigid potential Box. (1D),Tunnel effect & its application to Tunnel diode. Multiple potential wells, Kronig Penny Model.,Brillouin Zones Unit-3: Energy levels & wave functions of Hydrogen. Atom, Simple Harmonic Oscillator, important Quantum Problems for solid state electronics. Unit-4: QM operators, operator formalism of Uncertainty Principle. Unit -5: Perturbation theory & application. Time- independent, non-degenerate perturbation theory, Time independent, degenerate perturbation theory, Time-dependent perturbation theory, Harmonic Perturbation, Application of Harmonic Perturbation theory: Einstein A & B Coeffs, the Laser. Unit-6: Scattering cross section, Quantum Mechanical description, centre of mass and lab. Coordinates, wave function of a particle in spherical polar coordinates, expansion of plane wave in spherical harmonic, optical theorem, Born approximation, Shielded Coulomb potential. B: Electronic Devices and Circuits Unit 1 :(a) Physics of p-n junction –unbiased and biased, Diode equation, Breakdown Mechanisms, varactor diode, Zener diode, tunnel diode, Schottky diode. (b) Graphical analysis of diode circuits, Rectifier circuits, Diode equivalent circuits and frequency. Response, power dissipation in diode, Diode clipping and clamping circuits.

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Unit-2 (a) Physics of BJT, Detailed analysis of current flow in BJT, Base-width modulation, Breakdown voltages. (b) BJT characteristics and equivalent circuit, h-parameters. Biasing- dc load line & bias point, Fixed current bias, collector to base bias, emitter current bias, Thermal stability, ac load line, switching and amplification properties. Biasing transistor switching circuits. Transistor specifications & performance: Transistor data sheet, power dissipation, heat sinking, Decibels and frequency response, Transistor circuit noise, Transistor switching times. Unit-3: (a) JFET, Detailed analysis of current flow, second order effects, MOSFET, Detailed analysis of current flow, SCR and Power handling devices. (b)JFET Data sheet & Parameters, FET voltage amplification, FET equivalent circuit, FET Biasing: dc load line & Bias point, Fixed voltage bias circuit, self bias circuit, potential divider bias. Unit-4: Small signal amplifiers: CE amplifier design, CS FET amplifier design, capacitor coupled two stage CE amplifier, Direct coupling between stages. Large signal amplifier: Transformer coupled class A amplifier and its design, capacitor coupled power amplifier. Unit-5: Negative Feedback: Concept, Current series and shunt, voltage series and shunt, amplifier circuit design with negative feedback, effects of negative feedback. Unit-6: OPAMP : Basic OPAMP circuit, Integrated circuit OPAMP, Biasing of OPAMP, Non inverting & inverting circuit, OPAMP non-linear circuits, OPAMP circuit stability, frequency and phase response, frequency compensation, circuits Bandwidth, circuit Stability precautions. Wave shaping circuit, frequency to voltage and voltage to frequency converters, Active Filters, Inductance simulation, OPAMP Voltage comparator, precision rectifier circuit, Schmitt trigger circuit, oscillators.

Suggested reading: A Quantum Mechanics

1. Introductory QM – Richard L. Liboff 2. Concepts of Modern Physics - Beiser 3. An Introduction to Quantum Mechanics - Pauling & Wilson 4. Quantum Mechanics and field theory - Agarwal 5. Quantum Mechanics- An Introduction - Greiner 6. Quantum Mechanics - Schiff

B Electronic Devices and Circuits 1. Electronic Devices & circuits. - David A. Bell, PHI 2. Semiconductor Devices - Jasprit Singh, John Wiley 3. Transistor- - Dennis Le Croissette. 4. Electronic Devises & Circuits Theory - Boylestad & Nashalsky. Pearson Education 5. Electronic Device & Circuit - Millman-Halkias, Tata McGraw Hill. 6. Electronic Design: From Concept to Reality - - Roden,. Carpenter, Wiesrman (SPD). 7. Introduction to Electronic Circuit Design – - Spencer & Ghausi, Pearson Education

ELM 104: Digital Design and Microprocessor I A: Digital Design

Unit -1 Number system: Binary, octal and hexadecimal numbers, representation of signed integers, binary arithmetic on signed and unsigned integers and detection of overflow and underflow, Weighted Binary Codes: BCD, 2421, Reflective and sequential codes, Non-weighted codes: Excess-3 Codes, Gray codes, Error detecting codes, Error correcting codes, Alphanumeric Codes: ASCII Code, EBCDIC Codes and Hollerith code. Unit -2 Boolean algebra and logic gates: Boolean operators, Rules (postulates and basic theorems) of Boolean algebra, Dual and complement of a Boolean expression, Sum of products and product of sums forms. Canonical forms. Conversion between different forms, Conversion between Boolean expression and truth table;Logic gates, Implementing logic expressions with logic gates (logic circuits). Unit -3 Digital logic families: Designing of basic logic gates with diode and transistor ; elementary idea of DTL, TTL, RTL, ECL,12L logic family and characteristics ; 7400 series, understanding of the basic NAND gate (TTL ) Unit -4 Combinational circuit: Boolean expressions and their simplification by algebraic method. Karnaugh map method and Quine-Mc Cluskey method, Don’t Care conditions. Multiplexer, demultiplexer, encoder, decoder, Half-adder, Full-adder, magnitude comparator, Parity Checkers: Basic

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concepts, Design of parity checkers, parity generation, Code converters, Binary –to- Gray and Gray-to-Binary Code converter; Concept of magnitude comparator; Unit -5 Sequential circuit: Simple R-S flip-flop or Latch, Clocked R-S Flip-flop, D flip-flop. J-K flip-flop, T flip-flop, Master-Slave flip-flop, J-K Master-Slave flip-flop. Asynchronous pre set and clear, edge triggering and level triggering. Registers: Shift registers, parallel/serial in, parallel/serial out. Buffer Counter design: different types of counters like asynchronous and synchronous, UP and Down, ring, Johnson etc. counter design using state diagram, state table and state equation. Unit-6: Semiconductor Memory: Classification of memories, Main Memory and Secondary Memory, Sequential Access Memory, Static and Dynamic Memory, Volatile and Non-volatile Memory, Concept of ROM, PROM, EPROM, RAM, DRAM, SDRAM, PSRAM, Memory Decoding, Programmable Logic Devices (PLD), Programmable Logic Array (PLA) Unit-7: IC Timer 555: Basics of IC555 Timer, Monostable and Astable Multivibrator using IC555, Schmitt Trigger using IC555, Some other applications.

B: Microprocessor Unit1: History & evolution of microprocessor; Introduction to CPU: Components of CPU, block diagram, buses-data, control & address; ALU, Control Unit; main memory & secondary memory; I/O devices; Memory addressing-memory mapped I/O & I/O mapped I/O; address decoding; Memory & I/O interfacing; Unit 2: Instruction cycle:fetch, decode & execute; zero, one, two & three address instructions; addressing modes(register direct, relative, indirect, immediate, indirect& implied); Unit 3: Introduction to 8085; block diagram, registers, use of register pairs, PSW, accumulator; addressing modes; Instruction set of 8085; Complete set in details; Instruction set: Data Transfer, Arithmetic, Logic, Branch and Machine Control instructions. Delay and counter; stack & its application; interrupt and its application; Assembly level language programming of 8085; Unit 4: Interfacing: Memory interfacing;I/O interfacing; interfacing small devices like keyboard,7- segment display,relay, event counter etc; idea of PPIs like 8251, 8255, 8257 & 8279 (block diagram & function only);serial communication standard(RS-232C); Unit 5: Example of 16-bit processors( introduction to 8086 ); microcontroller (block diagram & application of 8051);

Suggested Reading: Digital Design

1. Digital logic and computer design, - M. Mano. PHI. 2. Modern Digital Electronics - R.P. Jain, TMGH 3. Digital Fundamentals - Jain and Floyd, Pearson Education 4. Digital Electronics - Malvino & Leach, Pearson Education 5. Digital Computer Electronics - Malvino, TMGH 6. Digital Design - Morris Mano, Pearson Education 7. Digital Circuits and Design - S. Salivahanan and S. Arivazhagan, Vikash

Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. 8. Digital Techniques - Prof. P. H. Talukdar, N. L. Publications 9. Digital Design - Wakerly, PHI

Microprocessor 1. Introduction to Microprocessors - Gaokar,New age Publication 2. Fundamentals of Microprocessor - N.Ram.Dhanpat Rai 3. 8085 Microprocessor Programming and Interfacing -N. K. Srinath, PHI 4. Microprocessor Based Design - Slater, PHI 5. Microprocessors - Gilmore, MacGraw Hill Publication 6. Microcomputers and Microprocessors - Uffenbeck, PHI

ELM 105: Lab 1- Analog & Digital Design and Microprocessor A: Analog and Digital Design- (Each experiment shown in the list below should ideally take three hours. Grading should be done on the basis of continuous evaluation.)

1. Design a two stage BJT RC coupled C-E amplifier and measure its voltage gain. Convert the design into a two stage form to study the frequency response of the two stage C-E amplifier. Determine its cut-off points & bandwidth. Repeat the above in case of a CS- JFET amplifier.

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2. Design of a Wein bridge oscillator using BJT/FET/IC. 3. Design an astable multivibrator using BJT. 4. Design of a phase shift oscillator using BJT/ FET/ IC. 5. Design of a first and second order filters as low pass blocks using IC741 6. Design of a first and second order filters as high pass blocks using IC741 7. Design of first and second order filters as band pass blocks using IC741 8. Design of first and second order filters as band elimination blocks using IC741 9. Design of a D/A converter using ladder method. Study the DAC 0808.Record the output

corresponding to a digital input. 10. Design a half adder using IC. Modify it to design a full adder. Display the result using LEDs. 11. Design of a 4-bit counter using IC7470/ 7472 (JK-flipflop). Display the output using LEDs or 7-

segment LED display. Repeat the above using IC 74161/74162/74163 (4-bit counter). 12. Design a 8:1 multiplexer using common gates. Study IC74151( 8:1 multiplexer)and verify the truth

tables. B. Microprocessor: (Grading should be done on the basis of continuous evaluation)

1. Move a block of memory starting at location XXXX to a location YYYY. Perform the block move in reverse order as well.

2. Find the sum, maximum & minimum of an array of 8-bit numbers. 3. Compute X+Y-Z+56 using 16-bit numbers. 4. Compute X*Y using 8-bit numbers. 5. For the 8-bit number X find the bits b3b4b5 .Output should show b3b4b5. 6. Find whether a given number is odd or even. Store the result in a memory location as 1 when even

& 0 when odd. 7. Design a relay driven bell. Generate an external interrupt. The bell should ring N seconds after the

interrupt. 8. Design a 2-digit 7-segment display driver circuit. Use it to display the contents of memory starting

at a given location. 9. Interface a steeper motor to a microprocessor. Write programs to move it clockwise and counter

clockwise. 10. Interface a d.c. motor to a microprocessor .Rotate it clockwise and counter clockwise.

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2nd Semester

ELM-201 Electromagnetics and Microwave A: Electromagnetics: Unit 1: Maxwell’s equations and Boundary conditions Unit 2 : Uniform plane waves: Uniform plane waves in time domain in free space, sinusoidal time-varying uniform plane waves in free space, wave equation and solution for material medium, uniform plane waves in Dielectrics and conductors, Poynting Vector, Power dissipation and energy storage, Unit3: Transmission lines 1(TL1)(time domain analysis): TL equations and solutions, Determination of line parameters, line terminated by resistive load, bounce diagram,TL discontinuity, Reactive and nonlinear resistive elements. Unit 4: TL 2 (sinusoidal steady state analysis): short circuited line, Line terminated by arbitrary load, TL line matching; Quarter wave transformer matching, single stub matching, Double stub matching, the smith chart and applications, the lossy line. Unit 5: Metallic Waveguides and resonators: uniform plane wave propagation in an arbitrary distinction, TE and TM waves in a parallel-plate waveguide Rectangular waveguide and cavity Resonator, Losses in Waveguides and Resonators. Unit 6: Electromagnetic Principles for Photonics: Reflection & Refection of plane waves, Dielectric slab guide, Ray tracing and raded index guide, optical fiber; Unit 7: Antennas: Hertzian dipole, Radiation resistance and Directivity, Linear Antennas, Antenna Arrays, Aperture Antennas, Receiving properties, Antenna temperature, signal to noise ratio B: Microwave: Unit1: Limitations of conventional tubes: Limitations of conventional vacuum tubes at VHF and UHF; Bandwidth limitation effects, Tube reactance effects and transit time effects; Remedies. Unit 2: Klystron amplifier: Introduction to Klystron amplifier, Velocity modulation and bunching of electrons; L-cavity Klystron amplifier; operation and analysis; power and efficiency; Multi-cavity Klystrons, Reflex Klystrons, operation and analysis: Electronic admittance; Electronic tuning; Power output and efficiency; Applications. Unit3: Magnetron: Principle of Magnetron, Linear and cylindrical magnetron, Hull cutoff voltage and Hull cutoff frequency, Basic principle of inverted magnetron Unit4: Avalanche diode, Gunn affects diode, RWH theory, modes of operation and use of Gunn diode as microwave generator, Travelling Wave Tubes (TWT); Suggested Reading A: Electromagnetics

1. Elements of Engineering Electromagnetics – N.N. Rao, Pearson Education 2. Field and Wave Electromagnetics – D.K. Cheng, Pearson Education 3. Electromagnetic Waves & Radiating systems – Jordan & Balmain, TMGH 4. Electromagnetic Field Theory and Transmission Lines-Raju, Pearson Education 5. Antenna and Wave Propagation- Raju, Pearson Education

B: Microwave 1. Microwave Devices and Circuits- Samuel Y. Liao, Prentice Hall of India, 2. Microwave Engineering-Passive Circuits- Peter A. Rizzi, Prentice Hall of India

ELM 202: Power Electronics and Control System A: Power Electronics Unit 1: Introduction to power electronics: Basic terminologies, definitions, comparison of conventional and power electronics, calculation of power, power factor, single/three phase, star and delta connections, power measurement techniques and equipment, heating effect, noise factors, shielding, protections, circuit breakers, ground leakage detection, MCBs ELCBs, etc. Single phasing preventors. Unit 2: Power electronics circuits: Controlled rectifiers and filters: Single phase half wave and full wave-Semiconverter and full converter, Dual converter, Three phase half wave, semi and full wave converter, three phase dual converter, simple LC and cascaded LC filters, Power factor improvement. Inverters: Principle of operation, voltage driven inverters, current driven inverters; Choppers: Basic principles, Type A, B and C choppers Series and parallel turn-off choppers, Morgan choppers and Jones choppers.Triggering and protection circuit: Thyristor firing, circuit-using transistor, UJT, PUT etc. thyristor gate protection circuit, di/dt and dv/dt protection for thyristors.;

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Unit 3: AC power supply systems: CVTs, Stabilizers, tap changers, UPS types (on-line and off line) etc. Unit 4: Special application DC power supplies: CVCC, voltage mode and current mode SMPS, Tracking and foldback systems, Low voltage, low current, high voltage and high current power supplies, SMPS for computers B: Control System Unit 1: Concepts of closed-loop and open-loop systems: Importance and Application of Control System; Conceptual Block diagram of a control system and types- open loop and closed loop, Continuous and discrete data systems, Feedback theory; Unit 2: Representation of feedback control system: Block diagram, signal flow graphs, Mason's gain formula; Transfer function concept- Time and frequency domain analysis of first and second order systems to step, ramp and other inputs; error analysis, Types of systems; Unit 3: Stability: Routh Hurwitz stability criteria, Root locus, Nyquist criteria, Relative and absolute stability; Polar and Bode Plot, Gain and phase margins; Unit 4: Discrete Control Systems & Control System Design: Z-transform, Simulation diagram and flow graphs. Effects of proportional, integral and derivative control, Discrete Vs Continuous control systems. Unit 5: State Variable Analysis: Importance of state variable analysis; Definition of state, state space, state vector; SV representation of physical systems and electrical networks; Eigen value and eigen vector; Determination of transfer function using SVA; Resolvent Matrix and State transition matrix; Solution of homogeneous and non-homogeneous systems using SVA; Suggested Reading: A: Power Electronics

1. Power Electronics – Rashid, PHI 2. Power Electronics- P.C. Sen, TMH Ltd. 3. Thyristor engineering- M.S. Berdi, Khanna publications. 4. Thyristors and their applications-N.Rammurthy

B: Control System: 1. Control Systems Engineering - I.G. Nagrath, M. Gopal; Wiley Eastern Ltd. 2. Automatic Control Systems- B.C. Kuo, Prentice-Hall of India. 3. Modern Control Engineering- K. Ogata, Prenticd-Hall of India. 4. Control System – S. Ghosh, Pearson Education 5. Control System Engineering- Bhattacharjya- Pearson Education;

ELM 203: Communication System Unit 1: Basic signal theory: Fourier transform, Convolution theorem, statements of time & frequency domain convolution. Power spectral density, Energy spectral density. Parseval's theorem. Unit 2: Communication system: Block diagram; Requirements of modulation. Superheterodyne receiver-AGC; .Types of modulation-AM< FM, PM Unit 3: Amplitude modulation, Basic principle of DSB, SSB (phase discrimination method) and VSB systems, Modulators & demodulators. Modulators: ring modulator, balanced modulator & BJT modulator; Demodulator: diode detector, envelope detector & BJT detector; Unit 4: Angle modulation: Phase modulation & frequency modulation, Sinusoidal FM, frequency spectrum for sinusoidal FM, Average power, Sinusoidal PM, Equivalence between FM& PM, elementary idea of direct(Armstrong) & indirect modulator(VCO method), elementary idea of demodulators(discriminator,limiter,PLL & ratio detector). Unit 5: Noise: Different types of noise, Thermal, shot, flicker noise, Noise figure, Equivalent noise temperature; Noise in DSB, SSB, FM systems Unit 6: Pulse Modulation: Sampling theorem, Nyquist criteria; PAM- generation and recovery; PCM,- stages likesampling, quantization, encoding, r egeneration; noise considerations; Multiplexing: Frequency division multiplexing ( FDM) & Time division multiplexing ( TDM), Unit 7: Television: Monochrome TV transmitter and receiver ;picture elements, different types of scanning and scanning standards , Interlacing ; camera tubes-iconoscope, image orthicon & vidicon; synchronization-horizontal and vertical

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synchronization pulses; blanking- horizontal & vertical ; bandwidth & channels; colour TV-transmitter & receiver, picture tube- trinitron , CCD,generation of colour. Unit 8: Informatics: Telephony, Fax and Telegraph – basic principles and applications; Radar – Basic principles, range calculation, types and application, Suggested Reading: 1. Communication Systems- B.P. Lathi, Willey Eastern 2. Radio Engineering, Vol.II- G.K. Mittal, Khanna Publishers 3. Electronic Communications- Schoenbeck, PHI 4. Electronic Communications Systems- Kennedy, TMGH 5. Communication Systems- Simon Haykin, John Wiley ; 6. Electronic Communication- Roddy, Coolen, PHI 7. Monochrome & Colour television- Gulati,Wiley Eastern; 8. Communication System Engineering- Prokais, Pearson Education; ELM 204: Opto-Electronics and Instrumentation A: Opto-Electronics: Unit I - Electronic properties of semi conductors Effect of pressure and temperature on band gap, density of carriers in intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, consequence of heavy doping, conduction processes in semiconductors, electron-hole pair formation and recombination, PN junction, carrier recombination and diffusion, injection efficiency, heterojunction, internal quantum efficiency, double heterojunction, quantum well, quantum dot and superlattices Unit 2 - Optical properties in semiconductors Exciton absorption, donor-acceptor and impurity band absorption, long wavelength absorption, Franz-Keldysh and Stark effect, absorption in quantum wells and quantum-confined Stark effect, Kramer-Kronig relations, Stokes shift in optical transitions, luminescence from quantum wells Unit 3 - Optoelectronic devices LED, LED materials, device configuration and efficiency, light output from LED, LED structure, device performance characteristics, manufacturing process of LED and applications, laser diode, threshold current and power output, heterojunction lasers, distributed feedback lasers, cleaved-coupled-cavity laser, quantum well lasers, surface emitting and rare earth doped lasers, laser mounting and fibre coupling, mode locking of SC Unit 4 – Photodetectors Thermal detectors, photoconductors, junction photodiodes, avalanche photo diode, optical heterodyning and electro-optic measurements, fiber coupling, phototransistor, modulated barrier photo diode, Schottky barrier photo diode, MSM photo diode, detectors for long wavelength operation, micro cavity photo diode; Solar cells: I-V characteristics and spectral response, materials and design considerations of solar cells Unit 5- Display devices Photoluminescence, electroluminescence and cathodoluminescence displays, displays based on LED, plasma panel and LCD; Optoelectronic modulation and switching devices: analog and digital modulation, Franz-Keldysh and Stark effect modulator, quantum well electro-absorption modulators, electro- optic, acousto-optic and magneto-optic modulators, SEED B: Instrumentation: Unit 1: Instrumentation scheme & error: Electronic instruments & their characteristics, a generalized instrumentation scheme, classification of instrumentation error & their statistical behaviour; Basic instrumentation circuits- Operational amplifier application, Instrumentation amplifier, Noise measurements and noise reduction techniques Unit 2: Measurements: Measurement of current ,voltage & power at audio & radio frequencies; electrostatic rectifier & thermocouple type instruments; advantage of electronic voltmeters, vacuum tube voltmeters(diode type only); True RMS-Responding voltmeter, digital voltmeter, Q meter, power factor meter; DC ammeters; ohmmeter, multimeter-analog & digital Unit 3: Signal generators: Basic circuits for generation of square wave & triangular wave. Block diagram of laboratory square-wave & pulse generator. Function generator ( block diagram), sine wave generation by a sine shaper ( qualitative idea );sweep generator

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Unit 4: Cathode Ray Oscilloscope: Motion of charged particles in electric & magnetic fields in simultaneous electric & magnetic field ( cross & parallel) Block diagram of CRO, CRT: construction principles of focusing & deflection of electron beam,CRT screens vertical deflection system, vertical amplifier, delay line, horizontal amplifier, synchronization; CRO probes, trigger circuits, application of CRO in measuring voltage, frequency, phase, different types of CRO- DSO; Frequency domain measurements-Distortion analyzer, Wave and spectrum analyzer spectrum analyzer; Unit 5: Transducers: Definition, types-active & passive, analog & digital; active-thermocouple & piezoelectric transducers, passive- potentiometric devices, thermistors, LVDT; Basic idea-displacement & temperature transducer; Unit 6: Digital Instrumentation Digital measurement techniques, Time and frequency measurements, Interface of instruments with computer, Virtual Instruments. Digital transducers; Sensors- conventional and bio-sensors; Suggested reading: A: Opto-Electronics:

1. Optical Fiber Communications - Gerd Keiser, Mc.Graw hill International 2. Opto- Electronics, An Introduction- J. Wilson and J.F.B. Hawks, PHI 3. Fundamentals of Fiber optics in Telecommunication and Sensor system.-Bishnu Pal, New Age

International (P) Ltd. 4. Optics (Fourth edition)- Eugene Hecht, Pearson Education. 5. Optical information processing- Mir Mojtaba Mirsalehi 6. Semiconductor Optoelectronic Devices - Pallab Bhattacharya, Pearson Education 7. Semiconductor Optoelectronics - Jasprit Singh, John Wiley

B: Instrumentation: 1. Instrumentation, Measurement and Feedback- B.E. Jones, Tata McGraw Hill 2. Electronics Measurements and Instrumentation- B.E. Oliver and J.M. Cage, McGraw Hill 3. Electrical & Electronic Measurements- Sawhnay….,Dhanpat Rai Publications 4. Process Control- Johnson, Pearson Education

ELM 205- Lab2: Microwave, Control System and Power Electronics and Communication System A: Microwave, Control System and Power Electronics

• Study of characteristics of different microwave devices as per availability. • Study of different antenna patterns and coupling schemes as per availability using physical devices

or software. • Control system using Matlab 6 or above. Certain experiments maybe formulated and performed. • Power Electronics- Study of characteristics of DIAC, SCR, TRIAC. Use of relays. Firing of SCR.

Turn -off method of SCR. Use of relay. B: Communication System

• Design of an AM modulator using diode/ BJT/ FET. • Design of an AM demodulator using diode / BJT/ FET • Design of an FM modulator using diode/ BJT/ FET. • Design of an FM demodulator using diode / BJT/ FET • Study of Phase modulation / pulse modulation using trainer kits. • Generation of PCM using discrete components/ trainer kits/ software.

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3rd Semester

ELM 301: IC Process Technology and Device Design Group A: IC Process Technology Unit 1: Thin Film Basic definitions- thin and thick films, properties of thin films, thin film deposition methods- PVD, CVD, Epitaxy theory of nucleation and growth in thin films; VPE, LPE, MOCVD, MBE techniques Growth of multilayer structure, defects; diffusion, method of control and measurement of film thickness, structure, optical, electrical and mechanical characterization of thin films metallic, semi conducting and insulating films; non crystalline films; various applications of thin films. Unit 2: I.C. Processing Introduction to I.C s – Definition, scale of integration, types-monolithic, hybrid, thick & thin films; capacitance & resistance formation in ICs , idea of fabrication (silicon planar technology). Fabrication of diode, BJT, FET & MOSFET in ICs; Bulk semiconductor growth: zone refining technique Czochralski growth, vertical and horizontal Bridgman technique. Wafer preparation, oxidation, diffusion, ion implantation, metallization, pattern definition, encapsulation, lithography: advanced processing technique, electron beam lithography, soft x-ray lithography various types of etching plasma etching. Group B: Device Design Unit 1: BJT biasing and modeling Fixed bias, emitter bias, voltage divider bias, d.c collector feedback bias; load line, Q- point, stability considerations; BJT modeling: two port representation of the BJT with z-,y-,h-parameters; r e & hybrid models of C-E, C-B,C-C(emitter follower) amplifiers; C-E amplifier in the above four biasing configurations, calculation of voltage gain, current gain, power gain, input impedance and output impedance of respective configurations and types; Hybrid-pi model of C-E amplifier in voltage divider bias configuration, Effect of parasitic capacitances, frequency response in low, mid- & high-frequency conditions (cut-off frequencies, bandwidth),respective voltage gains, current gain, input & output impedances; Unit:2 Unipolar device biasing and Modeling Basic idea of UJT-application as a relaxation oscillator; Junction field effect transistor: JFET structure & working principle, characteristics, Structure of MOSFET- enhancement & depletion , p & n -channel MOSFET, common gate, common drain configuration, long & short channel effects. FET Biasing: Self bias, fixed bias , voltage divider bias, simple problems, small signal A.C. equivalent circuit of FET as amplifier, hybrid parameters, CS, CD amplifiers, high frequency response, equivalent circuit. Unit 3: Amplifier Tuned amplifier: single & double tuned amplifiers, Analysis of voltage gain & selectivity, IF amplifiers; Power amplifier-Class A, B, C & AB type, Direct coupled (d.c amplifier , Darlington pair), Transformer coupled amplifier, push pull amplifier, class B push pull circuits, complementary symmetry amplifier, distortion in amplifiers; Feed back amplifiers- General theory of feed back, negative & positive feedback, advantages of negative feedback, types of negative feedback in transistor amplifier- current series, voltage series, current shunt, voltage shunt amplifiers; practical circuits. Operational amplifier- Differential amplifier; Ideal op-amp characteristics, offset current, offset voltage, CMRR, Basic op-amp application, inverting & noninverting amplifiers, adder, subtractor, voltage to current , current to voltage converters, nonlinear circuits, integrator, differentiator, gyrator, VCO. comparator, Schmitt trigger ,instrumentation amplifier, precision rectifier, Multivibrator- astable, monostable; Active filter-types-low pass, high pass, band pass & band elimination. Unit 4: Oscillator circuit Positive feedback & oscillation, Barkhausen criterion; types-RC, LC & crystal oscillators; Wein bridge, phase shift, Hartley, Colpitts & Clapp oscillators as examples; frequency stability & Q-value. Suggested reading: IC Process Technology

1. The Materials Science of Thin Films - M. Ohring, . Academic 2. Thin film fundamentals - A. Goswami, New Agency Institute Pub. 3. Preparation of thin films- J. George. M. Dekker Inc.

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4. Microelectronics- Millman, Mcrawhill. 5. VLSI fabrication principles.- Gandhi. S.K. Wiley 6. VLSI technology Sze S.M- Mcgrawhill 7. Integrated Circuit and fabrication- Elliot, McGrawhill publication

Device Design 1. Electronic devices & circuit theory- Boylestad & Nashalsky, PHI 2. Electronic Device & Circuit - Millman-Halkias , Tata McGraw Hill. 3. Microelectronics- Millman….,TataMcgrawHill 4. Microelectronic Circuits - Sedra & Smith, Oxford press 5. Solid State Devices- Streetman, PHI. 6. Electronic Fundamentals & Applications – Ryder, PHI. 7. Electronic Principles – Malvino, TataMcGraw Hill

ELM 302: Mechatronics and Electronic System Design A: Mechatronics Unit-I Introduction Evolution of Mechatronics, An overview of Mechatronics, Scope of Mechatronics Unit-2 Electronics for Mechanical System Electrical components and Electronic Devices, Basics of Digital Technology, Transducers and Sensors, Signal conditioning theory, circuits and systems Unit-3 Actuators and Mechanisms Actuator types and application areas- Electromechanical actuators, Fluid power actuators and active material based actuators. Mechanism- Bearings, Belt, Chain, Pulleys, Gears, Rack and Pinion, Slider and Crank, Cams and Followers, Four-bar linkages. Unit-4 Microprocessors and Microcontrollers Microprocessor Architecture, Terminology, Instruction Types, Addressing Modes, Intel’s 8085 Microprocessor, Microcontrollers; Unit-5 Modeling: Introduction, System, Modeling, Mechanical System, Electrical System, Fluid system, Thermal systems, Engg. System, Translation mechanical systems with springs, damper and mass, Rotational mechanical system with spring, damper and mass, modeling electric motor, modeling chamber filled with fluid Unit -6 CNC Systems: Principle of numerical control, types and features of CNC System, Constituent parts of CNC machines and assembly techniques, configuration, Interfacing, Monitoring and diagnostics B: Electronics System Design. Unit 1. Linear Circuit formulation and solution: Techniques in time domain and frequency domain. Pole-zero analysis, design and amplifiers, filters and other electronic circuits using PSPICE software along with hand on practice with various types of analysis provided by dot commands in PSPICE. Unit 2. CIM: Definition, elements of CIM, its nature and role, CIM hardware and software, requirement of a computer to be used in a CIM system Unit 3. Robotics: Definition, types of robots, performance capabilities, programming robots, Robot operation and application, Integration of industrial robots into CIM system, Expert system in CIM. Unit 4. FMS: FMS – definition and its subsystems, scope, different types and elements of FMS. Optimization of FMS Suggested reading: A: Mechatronics

1. Mechatronics- W. Bolton, Addition –Wesley Longman Ltd. 2. Mechatronics- Denny K. Miu, Springer- Verlag, 3. Production Technology- HMT. Ltd, TMH, New Delhi- 1981. 4. Mechatronics-Principles, concepts and Application – TMH,

B: Electronics System Design.

1. CAD/ CAM/ CIM -R. Radhakrishnan, S. Subramanyan

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2. PSIPCE using ORCAD - Rashid, PHI ELM 303: Digital Communication and Signals & Systems A: Digital Communication Unit 1. Random Process: Probability theory, random variable, statistical averages, transformation of random variables, random process, stationarity, mean, correlation and covariance, ergodicity, transmission of a random process through a linear filter, power spectral density, Gaussian process; Unit 2: Pulse modulation Sampling theorem, pulse analog modulations (PAM), Shaping of the transmitted signals spectrum, Equalization, Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) and Pulse Position Modulation (PPM), Quantization; PCM- Limitations of PCM; Companding; DM, DPCM-preliminary idea; coding speech at low bit rate, APCM; CODEC; Unit 3: Digital Modulation techniques Amplitude shift keying (ASK), Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), phase shift keying (PSK), Dual Phase Shift Keying (DPSK) schemes, Coherent binary PSK/ FSK; Coherent quadri- PSK; Coherent minimum shift keying; differential PSK Comparison of digital modulation schemes, M-array signaling scheme; QAM; Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) and Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM). Unit 4: MODEM techniques: Baseband transmission; modem principles & architecture; Unit 5: Spread Spectrum modulation Definition; types-direct sequence & frequency hoping; pseudo-noise generation; Idealized model of a spread spectrum modulator; DS- & FH-spread spectrum modulation generation and detection; application; CDMA, GSM; B: Signals- Systems A: Signals- Systems Unit 1 Signal and System classification: Signals- Periodic, aperiodic; even-odd; exponential, sinusoidal; unit impulse & unit step functions; System with & without memory; invariability & inverse system; causality, linearity, time invariance; Unit 2: Linear time invariant [LTI] system Representation of discrete time signals in terms of impulses; convolution; convolution sum representation of LTI systems; properties of LTI systems-commutative, distributive, associative; LTI systems with & without memory, causality, linearity, stability of LTI systems; Unit impulse response of an LTI system; Interconnection of LTI systems; Correlation, cross correlation and autocorrelation Unit 3: Discrete Fourier Transform Definition, properties; linear& non-linear phase; DFT-definition & properties; Discrete linear and periodic convolution; IDFT. Relation of DFT to other transformation; FFT- Decimation in time and frequency ; Radix-2 and radix-4 algorithms; Spectrum analysis using FFT; Discrete power spectral density; Unit 4 : z-transform Definition, properties; inverse z-transform; relation with other transforms; Convolution, correlation- cross correlation and autocorrelation; Unit 5: Digital Filter Design Representation of 1 st & 2 nd order recursive & non-recursive filters; Digital-filter realizations from analog forms using impulse invariance, bilinear transforms; Low- pass, High- pass Filters FIR Filter, Low pass, High pass IIR filters, Comb filters; Filter design by windowing method. Suggested reading A: Digital Communication

1. Communication Systems- Simon Haykin, Wiley Eastern 2. Digital & Data Communication- Miller, Jaico. 3. Digital Communication- Simon Haykin, Willey Eastern 4. Communication System Engineering- Proakis, Pearson Education; 5. Digital Communication- Sklar, Pearson Education

B: Signals and Systems 1. Signals & Systems- Oppenheim & Willsky, PHI. 2. Digital Signal Processing- Mitra,Tata McgrawHill 3. Digital Signal processing- Proakis, Pearson Education;

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4. Digital Signal processing- Salivahanan, Vallavaraja, Gnanapriya, TMGH 5. Digital Signal Processing- Bandopadyaya, PHI 6. Signal, System and Transforms- Philip, Pearson Education

ELM 304: Web Technology Unit 1: Introduction to Computer Networks Fundamentals of Computer Networks and the Internet, application layer protocols, transport layer protocols, network layer and routing, link layer and local area networks, security in computer networks. Introduction to World Wide Web (WWW), development of WWW, Graphical user Interface; Unit 2: Weaving the web Introduction to Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML), Extensible Hypertext Markup Language (XHTML), and Extensible Markup Language (XML) to create web pages, Moving from HTML to XHTML, XHTML element structure, style sheets, using JavaScript to display to XML, introduction to XML DOCTYPES and their uses, XML in web publishing environment. Unit 3: Imaging Technologies for Web Publishing Image file formats, creating low bandwidth graphics, using color, browser-safe colors, imaging transparency, creating graphical navigation tools, scanning techniques, creating small animations, image mapping, using scalable vector graphics (SVG), and graphical layout and alignment. Fundamentals of creating dynamic, interactive web pages: An introduction to Active Server Pages (ASP) technology, ASP syntax, and introduction to VBScript, the request, response, server, application, and session objects, working component, and connecting databases to ASP pages. Unit 4: Java in Web Publishing: Preparing Java applets using the Abstract Windows Toolkit (AWT) framework, basic graphics features provided by Java Language. Unit 5: Web Services (WS) Different implementation Techniques of WS, Dot-Net –Based WS Initiatives, Java-Based WS Initiative J2EE, Comparison of Dot-Net base and XML bas WS initiatives. The performance, efficiency, scalability, power, time-to-Market features, the portability etc., support of both the techniques for existing systems, The migration from previous platform of both the techniques.

Suggested Readings: 1. Web Design, The complete reference, Second Edition- Thomas A. Powel, Tata McGraw Hill. 2. The HTML 4.0 Source book- Ian Graham, John Wiley 3. The XML Specification Guide- Ian Graham and Liam Quin, John Wiley 4. The XHTML 1.0 Web Development Sourcebook- John Wiley and Sons. 5. Web Services Security- Mark O’Neill, et al. Tata McGraw Hill.

ELM 305: Elective A: Microprocessor II Unit 1: Data representation: - ASCII, EBCDIC. Number representation: - unsigned and signed integer, BCD (packed and unpacked), floating point number. Instruction set: - Zero, one two and three address instructions. Unit 2: 8086 CPU architecture Functions of different registers. Effective and physical address. Pin out. Functions of different signals (pins). Flags. EU and BIU. Instruction prefetch queue. Difference between 8086 and 8088. Addressing modes: - a) Data addressing modes and b) branch target addressing modes. Instruction format: - Instructions of different format and length. The W, D, S, V and Z bit. Segment registers to be sed for different modes. Instruction execution timing. Unit 3: Assembly Language Programming: 8086 Assembly language syntax. Opcodes and pseudoopcodes. Code and data labels. Representation of numeric, character, string and address constants in assembly language Working of a two pass assembler. Macro Instruction Set (all instructions to be covered) dular programming using subroutine and macro: - Subroutine. Nesting of subroutine. Macro. Difference between subroutine and macro. Common programming techniques like lookup tables to speedup function evaluation. Generation of time interval using timing oops. Unit 4 : I/O methods and Interfacing Polled I/O. Interruption driven I/O and DMA. Relative advantages and disadvantages. 8279A interrupt controller in detail. Cascading of multiple 8279As. 8086 in maximum mode and minimum mode. Configurations for these modes. Working of BHE signal. Bus controller and demultiplexing of control signals. System bus timing. Unit

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Interfacing: - Serial communication- RS232C, Parallel communication. Interfacing keyboard, led, relay, 7 segment display, LCD display, stepper motor, A/D converter, D/A converter, temperature sensor, shaft position encoding and sensing, light sensor. 8237 DMA controller. 8255PPI, 8251 PCI, 8254 timer. Unit 5: Advanced Intel Architecture Breif description of 80186 and 80286; 80386- Registers, Real and protected mode, selectors and descriptors, GDT, LDT and IDT. Gate A20. Switching from real mode to protected mode; Introduction to 80486 and 80582; Suggested reading:

1. An introduction to Intel family of microprocessors,- Antonakis, Pearson Education, 3rd edition. 2. The Intel Microprocessor 8086/ 8088..... architecture, programming and interfacing, by Brey,

Pearson Education. 3. The 8088 and 8086 microprocessors- Triebel, Pearson Education 4. Microprocessor and Interfacing- Douglas Hall, TMGH 5. Microcomputer Systems the 8086, 8088 family Chen, Liu, Gibson, P.H.I. 6. Microprocessor and Programmed Logic- Short, Pearson Education 7. The 80x86 Family: Design, Programming and Interfacing- Uffenbeck, Pearson Education

ELM 305: Elective B. Microwave-II Unit 1: Microwave transmission line: Basic equations, Solution of transmission line equation, Reflection and transmission co-efficient, Voltage Standing wave ratio (VSWR), Line impedance and admittance, Transmission and Reflection co-efficient. Unit 2: Microwave wave guide: Introduction to microwave wave guides, Solution of wave equation in Rectangular and Circular Wave guides, attenuation in waveguides, propagation modes, TE, TM, and TEM, Wave guide impedance Unit 3: Microwave antennas: Antenna action, Basic antenna parameters, Short dipole antenna and its radiation resistance, pattern radiation resistance of ½ dipoles, Broad side and End fire arrays, field of ½ dipole antenna, reflectors. Thin linear antenna, Current and voltage distribution, radiation length, power radiated by linear antenna, radiation resistance of thin linear antenna, Linear array of n isotropic sources of equal amplitude and spacing, Beam width, principle of Yagi antenna, Dish antenna horn antenna, CAD of wire antennas, CAD for medium frequency antennas, computer aided method for measuring impedance of monopole antenna, CAD for small-log periodic dipole arrays. Unit 4: Microwave Frequency bands, Line of sight (LOS) microwave communication link, Ground Reflection co-efficient, Received field strength, variation of received field strength with antenna height, variation with distance, Effect of curvature of earth, Radio horizon, Effective antenna height, divergence factor, in LOS communication link.

Unit 5: Propagation Effects for microwave links, Troposcatter Communication link, Fading of Tropospheric signals, Tropopath calculation, propagation impairments at microwave bands; Frequency management, System planning; Link design for LOS and Earth-space paths. Suggested Readings:

1. Foundations for Microwave Engineering, Collin, McGraw Hill. 2. Microwave Engineering by Annapurna Das & Sisir K. Das, Tata McGraw Hill. 3. Radio Frequency & Microwave Electronics by Matthew M. Radmanesh, Pearson Education Asia. 4. Telecommunication Engineering Vol.1 & Vol.2 by N.N. Deb, New Age. 5. Telecommunication and Computers by J. Martin, Prentice Hall of India. 6. Microwave Devices and circuits by Samuel Y. Liao, Prentice Hall of India, third edition (1994). 7. Microwave Engineering-Passive Circuits by Peter A. Rizzi, Prentice Hall of India 8. Antennas by John D. Kraus, McGraw Hill International Edition. 9. Antenna Design by Personnel Computers by Poser D, AR tech House, 1985

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10. CAD for wire antennas and related retarding structures by B.D Popover, Research study press ltd. John Wiley and Sons Inc.

ELM 306: Lab 3-Project I (Phase I) Students individually or two at the most will carry out a detail study on a topic and implement a related system. The study must include literature survey, similar work done previously, proposed work, modifications to be included, applications etc. A report is to be prepared and submitted under the guidance of a supervisor. The report should contain design, implementation and experimental details. The topics involved in the work should be related to the courses undertaken by the student till this portion of progression under the programme. The phase I involves primarily the problem definition phase and related literature survey.

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4th Semester ELM 401: Electrical Machines Electrical Machines Unit 1: D.C. Motors Basic principles, circuit / block diagram, working, Calculation of the back e.m.f. and torque produced in a dc motor, control of torque and speed using bridge rectifiers, variation of torque, pole flux, armature voltage and power with speed, idea of copper and iron losses. Applications; Unit 2: Induction motors Basic principles, circuit / block diagram, working; Idea of the rotating magnetic field, equivalent circuit for and induction motor. Derivation of torque and its functional dependence on the slip and the line frequency, Starting and breakdown torque, operation of an induction motor for low slips, Speed control using converter and inverter circuits (Block diagram) Unit 3: Single and multiphase phase motors Basic principles, circuit / block diagram, working; Types; Equivalent circuit Unit 4: Synchronous motors Basic principles, circuit / block diagram, working; Need for synchronous speed, Dependence of the torque on the angle between rotor and resultant magnetic field pull-cut torque, non starting nature, control of speed (block diagram). Merits and demerits of three types of motors. Stepper motor- Basic principles, circuit / block diagram, working; Types of stepper motor- detailed working of each of them;Applications Unit 5 Transformer Basic principles, circuit / block diagram, working; Equivalent circuit diagrams; Types like- core type, shell type, single phase and multiphase- detailed working of each of them; Ideal transformer; Efficiency and Power factor calculation; Applications; Relay- Basic principles, Circuit / Block diagram, Working; Equivalent circuit diagram, Application; Suggested reading Electrical Motors

1. Electrical technology – B.L.Thareja, Kanna Publications 2. Fundamentals of Electrical technology- Del Toro, PHI 3.

ELM 402 Programming in C++ and Operating System A: Programming in C++ Unit 1: Introduction Assembler, Compiler, Interpreter; Attributes of a C++ programme; Structure of a C++ programme; C+= declarations; Data types; Operators; Order of precedence of operators; I/O process; Pre-processor directives; Unit 2: Control Structures Decision making statements; If-else; Nested if-else; Do-while; goto; break; continue; switch; for loop; Unit 3: Array, String and Pointers Definition, types; examples of 2-D arrays; examples - matrix addition, transpose, trace etc; String- creation, insertion, concatenation etc; Definition of pointer, pointers and arrays, arrays of pointers; Unit 4: Functions Definition- types, parameter passing; referencing; functions and arrays; using of pointers for parameter passing; Prototyping; recursion; file handling; Unit 5: Class and Object Structures-definition; Classes-definition, member functions, characteristics of member functions; encapsulation; Declaration of objects, static objects, array of objects; constructors and destructors; operator overloading and type conversion; Unit 6: Inheritance Definition; Access specifiers and simple inheritance, types of inheritance- single, multilevel, multiple, hierarchical, hybrid, multipath; abstract classes; Pointers and inheritance; Advantage of inheritance; Unit 6: Data Structures Definition and examples of data structure, stack, queue, link list; function and data structure; Sorting- selection, insertion, quick; Search- Linear, binary; Dynamic memory allocation; B: Operating System

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Unit 1: Introduction Operating system-definition, types, different parts; trends- parallel computing, distributed computing; Open systems; Hardware, software, firmware; Unit 2: Process Scheduling Definition of a process; process states, transitions, process control, suspend and process, interrupt processing, nucleus of an operating system; parallel processing; Mutual exclusion, Critical Section; Solution of mutual exclusion; Semaphores; Deadlock- occurrence, prevention, detection and recovery; Unit 3: Storage management Storage organization, management strategies, hierarchy; virtual storage, paging, segmentation; Unit 4: File system and I/O management File system (function of a file system)- data hierarchy, blocking and buffering, file organization, queued and basic access methods, backup and recovery; I/O management (functions of I/O management subsystem), Distributed computing- OSI view, OSI network management, MAP, TOP, GOSIP, TCP/IP; OS security- requirements, external security, operational security, surveillance, threat monitoring; Introduction to Cryptography; Unit 5: Case Study UNIX- Shell, Kernel, File System, Process Management, Memory Management, I/O System, Distributed UNIX; Example of operating system-MS-DOS, Windows, OS/2, Apple Macintosh & Linux; Suggested Reading: A: Programming in C++

1. Programming in C++ - Kamthane, Pearson Education; 2. Programming in C++ - Balaguruswamy, TMGH; 3. Let us C++ - Kanitkar, BPB Publishers

B: Operating System 1. Operating System- Deitel, Pearson Education 2. Operating System- Tanenbaum, PHI

ELM 403: Photonics Unit 1- Laser Spontaneous and stimulated emissions, Einstein’s A and B coefficients, absorption and gain of homogeneously broadened radiative transitions, gain coefficient and stimulated emission cross section for homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadening; Necessary and sufficient conditions for laser action (population inversion and saturation intensity), threshold requirements for laser with and without cavity, laser amplifiers, rate equations for three and four level systems, pumping mechanisms; Laser cavity modes: longitudinal and transverse modes in rectangular cavity, FP cavity modes, spectral and spatial hole burning, stability of laser resonator and stability diagram, unstable and ring resonators; Q-switching and mode locking, active and passive techniques, generation of giant pulses and pico second optical pulses, properties of laser beam and techniques to characterize laser beam; Generation of ultra fast optical pulses: pulse compression, femto-second optical pulses, characterization of femto second pulses; Unit 2- Laser Types and Applications Classification of lasers, type of pumping, design aspects of resonator, stable and unstable resonators, tuning mechanism, He-Ne laser, CO2 laser, Ar ion laser, dye laser, semi conductor laser, Nd-YAG laser, OPO Laser, FEL, pico and femto-second lasers, recombination laser, X-ray laser, DFB laser, surface emitting lasers; Industrial applications of lasers- absorption of radiation by metals, semiconductors and insulators, laser drilling, welding, cutting and surface cleaning, laser generated plasma and laser deposition of thin film, optical fibre splicing, generation of fibre grating; Unit 3- Holography Holography and Speckle interferometry: hologram recording and recombination, thin and thick holograms, applications of holography in NDT and pattern recognition, principles of Speckle interferometry and its applications to NDT; Other applications of lasers: laser pollution monitoring, LIDAR, laser gyros, laser induced fusion, CD-ROM, laser cooling and trapping of atoms, magnetic and optical traps, optical molasses, lasers in computing, optical logic gates Unit 4- Non-linear Optics Non linear polarization, second harmonic generation, phase matching condition, frequency mixing, self focusing;. Electro optic, acoustic optic and magnets optic effects; Unit 5- Photonic materials

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Nano materials- Nanocrystals, quantum dots and quantum wells, nanocrystals of III-V compounds and indirect gap materials, energy states of quantum dots, photonics applications of quantum dots and quantum wells, photonic switches and modulators using quantum dots and quantum wells; Organic materials for photonics, evaluation of second order and third order optical nonlinearities, organic materials for second and third order nonlinear optics, photorefractive polymers, polymers for light emitting sources, optical limiting, polymers for optical fiber;Sol-Gel materials- Photonics applications, method of preparations, electro optic, magneto optic and acousto optic materials, photonic devices based on EO, MO, AO effects, Fluoride glass based fibres and their applications; Thin film optics based components- Design and production of thin films, anti reflection and dichroic reflection coatings, DWDM filters, production and characterization of optical thin films, PLD, CVD, PVD, MBE, dip, spin and spray coatings; Optical IC and wave guide structures- Coplanar waveguides, frequency doublers, mixers, MEMS, Photonic band gap structures, waveguides of elevated and buried structures, optical ICs- architecture and applications, CD read/write mechanism, materials and production; Suggested Reading

1. Optical Fiber Communications - Gerd Keiser, Mc.Graw hill International 2. Opto- Electronics, An Introduction- J. Wilson and J.F.B. Hawks, PHI 3. Fundamentals of Fiber optics in Telecommunication and Sensor system.-Bishnu Pal, New Age

International (P) Ltd. 4. Optics (Fourth edition)- Eugene Hecht, Pearson Education. 5. Optical information processing- Mir Mojtaba Mirsalehi 6. Semiconductor Optoelectronic Devices - Pallab Bhattacharya, Pearson Education 7. Semiconductor Optoelectronics - Jasprit Singh, John Wiley 8. Optical Properties of Semiconductor Quantum Dots - V Woggon 9. Nonlinear Optics of Organic Molecules and Polymers - H S Nalwa, S Miyata 10. Sol-Gel for Photonics - B J Thompson 11. Practical Design and Production of Optical Thin Films - Marcel & Dekker 12. Coplanar Waveguide Circuits, Components and Systems - R N Simons

ELM 404: Communication Networks Unit 1: Introduction Computer Network: - Definition, necessity, basic types – LAN, MAN, WAN, Wireless networks, Inter networks; Network software: - Protocol definition, hierarchies, design issues, NETBIOS, interfaces and services; Connection- oriented and connectionless services. Reference Models: OSI Reference model, description of the seven layers TCP/ IP reference model, comparison of OSI & TCP/ IP reference models. Example Networks- Novell Network, ARPANET, Internet, Blue tooth- Pico net, SONET. Data Communication services – SMDS (Switched multi megabit data service), X.25 Networks, cellular service, mobile wireless, and frame relay, ISDN, ATM, Comparison of services. Unit 2: Physical Layer Band limited signals, Shannon’s Channel capacity theorem. Transmission Media: - Wired – magnetic, twisted pair, Base band coaxial, Optical Fiber; Wireless- Short wave radio, microwave, infrared & millimeter wave; Satellite communication; GSM, Transmission Impairments. Data Encoding – Digital Data – Digital Signals; Digital Data – Analog Signals; Analog Data – Digital Signals, Analog Data – Analog Signals. Transmission Models – Serial Parallel, Synchronous – Asynchronous, Full Duplex, Interfacing. Multiplexing – FDM, TDM, Statistical TDM, WDM, WANs – Circuit, Packet & Message Switching. LANs-Architecture, Configurations; Unit 3: Data link Layer Data Link Control – Flow Control; Error Detection, Correction & Control; Framing. Data Link Protocols – Unrestricted Simple Protocols, Simplex stop-and-wait Protocol, Simplex Protocol for a Noisy channel. Sliding Window Protocols – One bit Sliding window protocol, protocol using go back n, Protocol Using selective repeat, Petri Net Models.Example of Data Link Protocol – HDLC – High Level Data Link Control, Data Link Layer in the Internet, Data Link Layer in ATM. Unit 4: Medium Access Sub layer Channel Access Control – ALOHA, Carrier Sense Multiple Access Protocol, Collision Free Protocols, Limited Contention Protocols, WDMA Protocols, Wire Less LAN protocols, CDMA.IEEE Standard Protocols For LAN’s & MAN’s – 802.2 Logical Link Control, 802.3 CSMA/CD, 802.4 Token Bus, 802.5 Token Ring Protocols.

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Comparison between the above; 802.6 Distributed Queue Dual Bus.Bridges – Bridges from 802.x to 802.y; Transparent Bridges; Source routing bridges. High Speed LAN’s – FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface), Fast Ethernet, HIPPI (High Performance Parallel Interface), and Fiber channel. Satellite Networks – Polling, ALOHA, FDM, TDM, CDMA. Unit 5: Network Layer Services Virtual Circuits & Data grams;Routing Algorithm – Kruskal’s, Dijkstra’s, Bellman-Ford’s & Prim’s; Routing methods: Session Routing, Adaptive & Non adaptive Routing, Hierarchical Routing, Routing for mobile host, Broadcast of multicast routing;Congestion Control Algorithm-Principles, policies, traffic shaping; Leaky Bucket Algorithm, Token Bucket Algorithm; Congestion Control in virtual circuit subnet; Congestion Control for multicasting; Internetworking: Concatenated virtual circuit, connectionless internetworking, Tunneling; Firewalls;Network Layer in the Internet: IP Protocol, IP addresses, subnets, Internet Control Message Protocol, Address Resolution Protocol, Reverse Address Resolution Protocol; Internet Multicasting, Mobile IP, CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing), IPv6. Unit 6: Telephone system- Structure, PSTN topologies. Policies; Local loop; Trunk & Multiplexing; Switching; WLL (wire less in local loop);ISDN & ATM – Services, System architecture, Interface; Narrowband ISDN; Wide band ISDN;ATM networks; ATM switches Unit 7: Transport Layer Services – Types, Quality, Primitives; Elements – Addressing, Establishment & release of connections, Flow Control & Buffering, Multiplexing, Crash Recovery; Protocols – Examples Service Primitives, Example Transport entity, TCP - Model, Protocol, Segment Header, Connection Management, Transmission Policy, Congestion Control, Timer Management, UDP, Wireless TCP & UDP, Protocols for Gigabit Networks Unit 8: Application Layer: Network Security – Traditional Cryptography, Cryptography principles, Secret Key & Public Key Algorithm, Authentication Protocols, Digital Signatures; DNS – Domain Name System – DNS Name Space, Resource records, Name Servers.; SNMP – Simple Network Management Protocol – SMNP Model, ASN.1, Structure of Management Information (SMI), Management Information Base (MIB), SNMP protocol. E – Mail – Architecture & Services, User Agent, Message Format, Message Transfer, Privacy. Unit 9: World Wide Web Architecture; Browsing; Client side; Server side; Locating information on the web; URL Suggested Reading

1. Computer networks – Tanenbaum, Pearson Education 2. Data & Computer Communications – Stallings, Pearson Education 3. Digital & Data Communication – Miller, Jaico 4. Communication System – Simon Haykin, John Wiley 5. Digital Communication - Proakis, Mc Graw Hill, 4th Edition 6. Communication Engineering – Proakis, 2nd Edition, Pearson 7. Data Communication – Prakash C – Gupta, PHI. 8. Data Communication- Halsall, Pearson Education 9. Understanding Data Communication- Held, Pearson Education 10. Computer Networking- Kurose, Pearson Education 11. Introduction to Computer Networking- Mansfield, Pearson Education 12. Computer Networking with Internet Protocols- Stallings, Pearson Education 13. Data Communications and Networking- Forouzan, TMGH

ELM 405: Elective A: Introduction to Nanotechnology Unit 1: Introduction

Nanoscale, Definition of nanotechnology; Consequences of the nanoscale for technology and society. Beyond Moore’s Law. Nano-scale 1D to 3D structures; Technologies for the Nanoscale; Nano-scale fabrications; Nanomanipulation,. Nanolithography

Unit 2: Nanoscale Materials and Applications Nanocomposites; Nano-scale Electronics; Safety issues with nanoscale powders; Quantum wells, wires, dots and nanoparticles; Nano-scale bio and medical applications; Applications in energy, informatics, medicine, etc.

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Suggested reading 1. www.nanotechweb.org 2. www.nano.gov 3. www.nanotec.org.uk

ELM 405: Elective B: Microcontroller Unit 1: Introduction Microcontroller-Definition, types, examples of popular microcontrollers, application, architecture, family members, resources, development trends, embedded processors, overview of 8051; Unit 2: 8051 Architecture Inside the 8051, detailed pin pot diagram, registers, program counter, ROM space, internal and external memories, flags, PSW, data types, directives, counters, timers, synchronous and asynchronous serial USART interface, interrupts; Unit 3: Assembly level programming Introduction, Assembly and running a program, Parts; Instruction set- data transfer, data and bit manipulation, arithmetic, logical, controlled flow (jump, loop, call), interrupt control flow, interrupt handling etc; Addressing modes; Programmable timers; Interrupt structure; Unit 4: Interfacing Detailed study and interfacing of Serial PCI 8251, PPI 8255, Programmable DMAC 8257, Programmable Interrupt Controller 8259, ADC and DAC circuit interfacing, Keyboard-display controller 8279; Interfacing setup of switch, keypad, keyboard interface, LED, Array of LED, Alphanumeric devices, Printer devices, Programmable Instruments Interface using IEEE 488 (GPIB) Bus, Stepper motor, High power devices, analog input-output, industrial process control; Application to design simple digital filters; Unit 5: Programming Framework and Advanced Architectures Programming in C and use of GNU tools- basics, CPU registers and Internal RAMs, Assemblers, Parameter passing, Control structures; Software building blocks; Real time operating system for system design; Microcontroller Application Development Tools; Case study of an exemplary IDE; Advanced Design- Introduction to 8096/ 80196 and one ARM 32-bit Design; Suggested Reading: Microcontroller

1. Microcontrollers- Rajkamal, Pearson Education; 2. 8051 Microcontroller- Mazidi, Pearson Education; 3. Microprocessor and Microcontroller- William Kleitz, Prentice Hall

ELM 406: Lab 4- Project I (Phase II) Students individually or two at the most will carry out a detail study on a topic and implement a related system. The study must include literature survey, similar work done previously, proposed work, modifications to be included, applications etc. A report is to be prepared and submitted under the guidance of a supervisor. The report should contain design, implementation and experimental details. The topics involved in the work should be related to the courses undertaken by the student till this portion of progression under the programme. The phase II involves the complete design of the work and the preparation of the report.

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5th Semester ELM-501 Linear Algebra and Random Process A: Linear Algebra Unit 1: Vector Space

Binary operations on a set, Group and Field-definition; Definition and properties of vector space; Definition and properties of vector sub-space; Algebra of subspaces; basis of a vector space; finite dimensional vector space; homomorphism of vector space; Isomorphism of vector space; Disjoint subspaces;

Unit 2: Linear Transformations Linear transformation, operator; range and null space of a linear transformation; rank and nullity of a linear transformation; Linear transformations as vectors; product of linear transformations; Invertible linear transformation; Singular and non-singular transformation; Matrices- definition, representation by transformation, trace of a matrix, trace of a linear matrix; Determinant of a linear transformation;

Unit 3: Inner Product Spaces Definition, Euclidean and unitary space; Schwartz’s inequality; Orthogonally; Orthonormal set; Complete orthonormal set; Gram-Schmit orthogonalization; linear functionals and adjoint; self-adjoint transformation;

Unit 4: Bilinear transform Bilinear forms-definition, bilinear forms as vectors, matrix as bilinear forms, symmetric bilinear forms; Decomposition theorems and eigen-analysis. Quadratic forms. Perron-Frobenius theorems.

Unit 5: Queuing Theory Single and Multiple server Markovian queueing models - customer impatience - Priority queues - M/G/1 queueing system - queueing applications.

B: Random Process Unit 1: Probability

Definition, sample space, conditional probability, Baye’s theorem, Bernouli’s trials, Asymptotic theorems, Poison’s theorem and random points;

Unit 2: Random Variable Definition, Continuous and discrete random variable, distribution and density functions; Conditional distribution; One random variable- Mean, variance, moments, characteristic functions; Two random variables- Mean, variance, moments, characteristic functions; Moments and conditional statistics; Transformation of random variables; Random process; Mean, Correlation and Covariance; Stationarity; transmission of a random process through a linear filter, power spectral density, Gaussian process;

Unit 3: Stochastic Process Definition, first and second order statistics, Mean, Correlation and Covariance; Ergodic process; Spectral Representation of Stochastic process; Random walk, Brownian motion, Thermal noise, Poisson point, Shot noise, Modulation, Cyclostationary Process, Band limited Process;

Unit 4: Estimation Spectral Estimation, Extrapolation and system identification, mean square estimation, prediction, filtering and prediction; Kalman Filters;

Suggested reading 1. Introduction to Linear Algebra- K. Hoffman and R. Kunze, PHI; 2. Matrix Analysis- . R. Horn and C. Johnson, Cambridge U.P; 3. Probability, Random Variables and Stochastic Processes- A. Papoulis, McGraw-Hill; 4. Probability, Random Variables and Estimation Theory for Engineers- H. Stark and J.W. Woods, PHI

ELM- 502: VLSI Technology and Introduction to Nanotechnology Unit 1: Introduction

Evolution of integrated circuits, Advantages of integration, Basics of IC processing steps: Wafer preparation, Oxidation diffusion, Ion implantation, Dielectric & polysilicon film deposition, Metallization;

Unit 2: Advanced Processing Techniques Electron beam lithography, X-ray lithography, Relative ion etching, Plasma etching;. Process simulation: Introduction, Ion implantation, diffusion & Oxidation; VLSI process integration- CMOS & NMOS process integration, MOS memory IC technology, Bipolar IC technology; Advance techniques & packaging: of VLSI devices

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Package type, Packaging design considerations; Unit 3: Digital IC Design

V-I Characteristics of MOS circuits, MOS switch and inverter, latch-up in CMOS inverter; sheet resistance and area capacitances of layers, wiring capacitances; CMOS inverter properties - robustness, dynamic performance, regenerative property, inverter delay times, switching power dissipation, MOSFET scaling - constant-voltage and constant-field scaling; Dynamic CMOS design- steady-state behavior of dynamic gate circuits, noise considerations in dynamic design, charge sharing, cascading dynamic gates, domino logic, np-CMOS logic, problems in single-phase clocking, two-phase non-overlapping clocking scheme; Subsystem design- design of arithmetic building blocks like adders - static, dynamic, Manchester carry-chain, look-ahead, linear and square-root carry-select, carry bypass and pipelined adders and multipliers - serial-parallel, Braun, Baugh-Wooley and systolic array multipliers, barrel and logarithmic shifters, area-time tradeoff, power consumption issues; designing semiconductor memory and array structures: memory core and memory peripheral circuitry.

Unit 4: Yield & reliability in VLSI circuit Mechanism of yield loss in VLSI reliability requirement for VLSI, Mathematics of failure distribution reliability & failure rates, Failure mechanism; VLSI simulation using P-SPICE & Model-simulation software;

Suggested reading VLSI Technology

1. VLSI technology- S. M Sze, McGraw Hill. 2. VLSI fabrication principles- S.K Gandhi, John Wiley & sons. 3. Physics & Technology of semiconductor devices- A.S.Grove, Wiley, New York 4. Microelectronics- J. Millman & Gurbial , Tata McGraw Hill. 5. Digital Integrated Circuits- A Design Perspective- J.M. Rabaey, A. Chandrakasan & B. Nikolic, PHI; 6. Basic VLSI Design- D.A. Pucknell and K. Eshraghian, PHI; 7. Introduction to VLSI Design- E.D. Fabricius,McGraw Hill, 8. Principles of CMOS VLSI Design- Weste and Eshraghian, Pearson Education;

ELM 503: Digital Signal Processing Unit 1: Review

FFT-decimation in time and frequency, z-transform, sampling, quantization, ADC and DAC; IIR and FIR systems;

Unit 2: Information Theory Definition- Uncertainty, Information and Entropy; Source coding, Mutual Information, Channel Capacity and Channel Coding Theory; Information Capacity Theorem; Rate Distortion Theory;

Unit 3: Effects of finite word length in digital systems Introduction; Representation of numbers- fixed point, floating point; Rounding and Truncation Errors; Quantization Effects in ADC and DAC processes; Noise power from a digital system; Coefficient quantization effects in direct form realization of IIR and FIR systems;

Unit 4: Implementation of discrete systems Structures for FIR systems- direct form, cascade form, frequency sampling and lattice structures; Structures for IIR systems- Direct form, Signal flow graphs and transpose forms, cascade forms, parallel forms, lattice and lattice-ladder structures; Round off effects in Digital filter sturctutes;

Unit 5: Design of Digital Filters Design of FIR- symmetric and anti-symmetric FIR filters, Linear pahse filters using windows and frequency sampling; FIR differentiators; Least square method- Pade approximation, FIR Least Squares Inverse (Wiener) Filter;

Unit 6: Prediction Innovations representation of a random process; Forward and Backward Prediction; Solution to normal equations- Levinson-Durbin Algorithm, Schur Algorithm; Properties of Linear Prediction Filters; AR and ARMA Lattice-Ladder structure; Wiener filters for prediction;

Suggested Reading 1. Digital Signal Processing- Proakis, Pearson Education

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2. Digital Signal Processing- Mitra, TMGH 3. Digital Signal Processing- Salivahanan, Vallavraj, Gnanapriay, TMGH

ELM-504 Satellite Communication Unit 1 Orbital Parameters

Orbital parameters, Orbital perturbations, Geo stationary orbits, Low Earth and Medium orbits. Frequency selection, Frequency co-ordination and regulatory services, Sun transit outages, Limits of visibility, Attitude and orientation control, Spin stabilization techniques, Gimbal platform

Unit 2 Link Calculations Space craft configuration, Payload and supporting subsystems, Satelite uplink -down link power budget, C/No, G/T, Noise temperature, System noise, Propagation actors, Rain and ice effects, Polarization calculations

Unit 3 Access Techniques Modulation and Multiplexing-Voice, Data, Video, Analog and Digital transmission systems; Multiple acess techniques-FDMA,TDMA,T1-T2 carrier systems, SPADE, SS-TDMA, CDMA, Assignment Methods; Spread spectrum communication, Compression-Encryption and Decryption techniques;

Unit 4 Earth Station Parameters Earth station location, propagation effects of ground, High power transmitters-Klystron Crossed field devices, Cassegrania feeds, Measurements on G/T and Eb/No

Unit 5 Satelite Applications INTELSAT Series, INSAT, VSAT, Remote sensing, Moble satellite service: GSM. GPS, INMARSAT, Satellite Navigation System, GPS, Direct to Home service (DTH),Special services, E-mail, Video conferencing and Internet connectivity

Suggested reading 1. The Satellite Communication Applications Hand Book- Bruce R.Elbert Artech House Boston 2. Satellite Communication Systems Engineering- Wilbur L.Pritchard, Hendri G.Suyderhood,

Robert A. Nelson, Prentice Hall; 3. Satellite Communication- Dennis Rody, Regents, Prentice Hall, 4. Digital satellite communication- Tri T.Ha, McGraw Hill; 5. Digital communication satellite / Earth Station Engineering- K.Feher, Prentice Hall Inc

ELM 505: Lab 5: Advanced Design

1. Two stage JFET amplifier. 2. Automatic gain control circuit using JFET as voltage controlled resistance. 3. Wein bridge oscillator with amplitude stabilization using JFET. 4. Regulated power supply with short circuit protection. 5. Regulated power supply with foldback current limiting and crowbar protection. 6. Frequency multiplier using Phase locked loop. 7. Differential amplifier using IC transistor array. 8. Stopwatch using TTL ICs. 9. Stopwatch using interrupt on microprocessor kit. 10. TTL IC tester using 8255 on microprocessor kit. 11. Real time clock using 8253 timer on microprocessor kit. 12. Analog signal input and output using A/D and D/A converters interfaced to microprocessor kit. 13. Light detectors and characteristics, Application of a LED/ Laser source to send data and recovery using

photo detectors. 14. Switch mode power supply

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6th Semester ELM 601 Statistical Signal Processing Unit 1: Discrete Random Signal Processing

Discrete Random Processes, Expectations, Variance, Co -Variance, Scalar Product, Energy of Discrete Signals -Parseval's Theorem, Wiener Khintchine Relation - Power Spectral Density - Periodogram – Sample Autocorrelation - Sum Decomposition Theorem, Spectral Factorization Theorem - Discrete Random Signal Processing by Linear Systems - Simulation of White Noise - Low Pass Filtering of White Noise;

Unit 2: Spectrum Estimation Non-Parametric Methods-Correlation Method - Co-Variance Estimator - Performance Analysis of Estimators - Unbiased, Consistent Estimators-Periodogram Estimator-Barlett Spectrum Estimation-Welch Estimation-Model based Approach - AR, MA, ARMA Signal Modeling-Parameter Estimation using Yule-Walker Method. Spectral factorisation theorem. Signal Modelling: AR, MA and ARMA models. Parameter Estimation- principle of estimation and properties of estimates, the methods of maximum likelihood, Baysian estimation

Unit 3: Linear Estimation And Prediction Maximum likelihood criterion-efficiency of estimator-Least mean squared error criterion -Wiener filter-Discrete Wiener Hoff equations-Recursive estimators-Kalman filter-Linear prediction, prediction error-whitening filter, inverse filter-Levinson recursion, Lattice realization, and Levinson recursion algorithm for solving Toeplitz system of equations.

Unit 4: Adpative Filters FIR adaptive filters-Newton's steepest descent method - adaptive filter based on steepest descent method- Widrow Hoff LMS adaptive algorithm- Adaptive channel equalization-Adaptive echo chancellor-Adaptive noise cancellation-RLS adaptive filters-Exponentially weighted RLS-sliding window RLS-Simplified IIR LMS adaptive filter. Kalman filters.

Unit 5: Multirate Signal Processing Decimation and Interpolation by a factor; Sampling rate conversion by a rational factor; filter design and implementation for sampling rate conversion; multistage implementation of sampling rate conversion; sampling rate conversion of bandpass signals; sampling rate conversion by an arbitrary factor; applications- phase shifter, interfacing of digital systems with different sampling rates, digital filter banks, subband coding of speech signals, Quadrature mirror filters, Transmultiplexers, Oversampling ADC and DAC;

Suggested reading 1. Statistical Digital Signal Processing and Modeling- Monson H.Hayes, John Wiley 2. Digital Signal processing - Proakis, Pearson Education 3. Adaptive Filter Theory- Haykin, Pearson Education 4. Statistical Signal processing- Srinath, PHI

ELM-602: VHDL and Digital Design Unit 1: Introduction Importance and evolution of hardware description languages and VHDL; VHDL for design synthesis, Design tool flow; Capabilities, hardware abstraction; Basic terminology-design entity declaration, architecture body, configuration declaration, package declaration, package body; Hierarchical modeling-design methodologies, 4-bit ripple carry counter, modules, instances, components of a simulation; Unit 2: Basic Language Elements Lexical conventions- whitespace, comments, number specifications, strings, identifiers and keywords, escaped identifiers; Data Objects, Data Types-registers, vectors, integer, real, array, memories, parameters, operators- arithmetic, binary, unary, logical, relational, equality, bitwise, reduction, shift, concatenation, replication, conditional, operator precedence; modules and ports; conditional statements; Unit 3: Modeling Gate level modeling- gate types, array of instances, example of a multiplexer, gate delays, examples; data flow modeling- continuous assignments; examples; behavioral modeling- structured procedure, procedural assignments, timing control, multiway branching, use of loops, sequential and parallel blocks, generate block; examples; Tasks and functions- declaration, invocation and difference; Automatic (recursive) functions, Constant functions,. Signed functions; Unit 4: Packages and libraries

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Package- declaration, body; File, design libraries, order of analysis, implicit and explicit visibility, Unit 5: Additional features Entity statements, generate statements, aliases, qualified expressions; Test Bench- creation, converting real and integer to time, dumping results to a text file, reading vectors fro a text file, a test bench example, initializing a memory, variable file names; State machine modeling; Simulation examples- gates, flipflops, multiplexer-demultiplexer, shift register, ring counter, decade counter, synchronous counter, adder, multiplier; Suggested reading

1. Verilog HDL- Palnitkar, Pearson Education 2. A VHDL Primer- Bhasker, Pearson Education 3. VHDL for Programmable Logic- Skahill, Pearson Education 4. Digital Design- Wakerly, PHI

ELM-603: Mobile Communication Unit 1: Introduction to Wireless Mobile Communications History and evolution of mobile radio systems; Types of mobile wireless services / systems- Cellular, WLL, Paging, Satellite systems, Standards, Future trends in personal wireless systems Unit 2: Cellular Concept and System Design Fundamentals Cellular concept and frequency reuse, Multiple Access Schemes, channel assignment and handoff, Interference and system capacity, Trunking and Erlang capacity calculations; cellular concept, spectral efficiency; design parameters at base station: antenna configurations, noise, power and field strength; design parameters at mobile unit: directional antennas and diversity schemes: frequency dependency; noise; antenna connections; field component diversity antennas; signaling and channel access: word-error-rate, channel assignment. Unit 3: Mobile Radio Propagation Radio wave propagation issues in personal wireless systems, , Representation of a mobile radio signal; Propagation models, propagation path loss and fading- causes, types of fading and classification of channels; prediction of propagation loss: measurements, prediction over flat terrain, point-to-point prediction, microcell prediction model; calculation of fades- amplitude fades, random PM and random FM, selective fading, diversity schemes, combining techniques, bit error-rate and word-error-rate; Multipath fading and Base band impulse respond models, parameters of mobile multipath channels, Antenna systems in mobile radio; Unit 4: Modulation and Signal Processing Analog and digital modulation techniques, Performance of various modulation techniques-Spectral efficiency, mobile radio interference: co-channel and adjacent-channel interference, intermodulation, intersymbol and simulcast interference; frequency plans: channelized schemes and frequency reuse, FDM, TDM, spread spectrum and frequency hopping, Error-rate, Power Amplification, Equalizing Rake receiver concepts, Diversity and space-time processing, Speech coding and channel coding Unit 5: System Examples and Design Issues Multiple Access Techniques- frequency division multiple access, time division multiple access, code division multiple access, space division multiple access, operational systems, Wireless networking, design issues in personal wireless systems; Cellular CDMA: narrow band and wide band signal propagation, spread spectrum techniques, capacities of multiple access schemes; micro cell systems: conventional cellular system, micro cell system design, capacity analysis. Suggested reading

1. Wireless digital communications- K.Feher, PHI, 2. Wireless Digital Communications Principles and Practice - T.S.Rappaport, Pearson Education 3. Mobile communications Engineering: Theory And Applications- W.C.Y.Lee McGraw Hill, 4. Mobile Communications- Schiller, Pearson Education 5. Wireless Communications and Networks -Stallings, Pearson Education 6. Wireless Communication Systems -Wang and Poor, Pearson Education

ELM-604 (1) Advanced Communication Network Unit 1: Introduction Network-definition, architecture & requirement; types-LAN, MAN & WAN; Seven layers of the ISO-OSI reference model-functions of respective layers; different physical media & relative advantages-disadvantages, hardware

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aspects; TCP/IP layers & relation to the ISO-OSI model; Protocols-Aloha, CSMA, CSMA-CD/CA. Controlled access, Chanellization; Unit 2: LANs Wired-IEEE standard data link and physical layers, Standard Ethernet layer, Classes of Ethernet – bridged, switched, full-duplex, fast, gigabit; Wireless- IEEE 802.11-archtecture, MAC sublayer, addressing mechanism, physical layer; Bluetooth and IEEE 802.15 - architecture, layers, radio layer, baseband layer, L2CAP, Logical Link Control and adaptation protocol, other upper layers; Connecting LANs- Connecting devices- Hubs, Repeaters, Bridges, Switches, Routers, Gateways; Backbone Networks- Bus, Star, Connecting remote LANs; Virtual LANs- membership, configuration, communication between switches, IEEE standard; Infrared LANs, Spread spectrum LANs and Narrow Microwave LANs; VSAT LANs; Unit 3: Wireless WANs Cellular telephony- evolution, generations, basic working principle, frequency reuse, transmission, reception, roaming, GSM, CDMA; Satellite networks- orbits, footprints, working principles, modulation-demodulation, categories of satellites; Cordless system and WLL-basic principle, working, architecture, application; WiMAX and IEEE 802.16 Broadband Wireless Access Standards; Mobile IP and WAP- working, architecture, application; Unit 4: SONET/SDH Architecture, signals, SONET devices, connections; SONET layers- Path layer, Line Layer, Section Layer, Photonic Layer, Device –Layer relationship; SONEt Frames- frame, byte, bit transmission, STS-1 frame format, overhead summary, encapsulation; STS multiplexing- byte interleaving, concatenated signal, add/ drop multiplexer; SONET Network- Linear, ring, Mesh; Virtual tributaries; Unit 5: Virtual Circuit Network Frame relay- Architecture, frame relay layers, extended address, FRADs, VOFR, LMI, Congestion control and QoS; ATM-design goals, problems, architecture, switching, ATM layers, congestion control and QoS; ATM LANs; Suggested Reading

1. Data Communications and Networking- Forouzan, TMGH 2. Wireless Communications and Networks- Stallings, Pearson Education 3. Data Communications- Stalling, Pearson Education 4. Computer Networks- Tanenabaum, PHI

ELM-604 (II): Advanced Processor Architecture Unit 1: Introduction: Evolution of processor design; Cost/ performance issues in high performance processor design, performance metrics; Unit 2: Architectural abstractions- architecture, key features, the instruction set- principles and design; Arithmetic unit- arithmetic instructions and various implementations; Registers; Datapath and control unit- datapath requirements for different instruction classes; fixed-cycle vs. variable-cycle instruction implementation; Approach to control unit design - FSM control and microprogrammmed control; exceptions and exception handling; Performance enhancement techniques - pipelining and memory hierarchy: datapath pipelining; instruction-level pipelining; performance issues in pipelining; software pipelining. Space-time locality and cache memory; virtual memory, paging, TLB; case studies- 80286, 80386, 80486, 80586; Unit 3: Instruction Set and introduction to programming 80x86 Edit, assembly, link, test, debug; use of code, data, and stack segments Unit 4: I/O Interface I/O performance measures; interfacing I/O to the memory, processor and OS; Interrupts and DMA; Data communication; Case studies (in brief): Intel x 86 families and the Pentium; RISC architectures like MIPS, SPARC, Power PC, PA-RISC. Unit 5: Introduction to DSP Architectures Key issues in DSP architecture design; pipelining and parallelism in instruction set; On-chip memories and I/O peripherals. Case study- ADSP 21xx/ 21xxx family and TMS 320C5x family DSPs; Software and hardware development tools; Suggested reading

1. The 80x86 Family- Uffenbeck, Pearson Education 2. The Pentium Processor- Antanokos, Pearson Education 3. The Intel Microprocessor- Brey, Pearson Education 4. Microprocessors and Interfacing- Hall, TMGH 5. Advanced Microprocessors and Peripherals- Ray, Bhurchandi, TMGH

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6. Digital Signal Processors- Kuo, Gan, Pearson Education ELM 604 (III): Embedded System Unit 1: Introduction Embedded system- definition, Types of processors used; Peculiarities and specialties; Requirement and Application Unit 2: Processors and microcontrollers for embedded systems Brief review of 8085, 8051, 8086, 80386, PIC processors and ARM based processor. Unit 3: Operating systems for embedded systems: - Need for an operating system; Different types like single user and tasking, multi user, multi tasking, time sharing, batch processing, real time; Micro kernel vs monolithic; Major functions-Process management, Memory management, File system Management, I/O management and Network management.; Concept of process, threads, task switching, scheduling, critical sections, deadlock. Unit 4: Real time operating systems Issues I/O programming- Synchronization, transfer rate and latency. Polled I/O issues. Interrupt driven I / O; ISR;. Response time- interrupt controller; Software interrupts and exceptions; Buffering of data and queuing of interrupt request; Concurrency control-Foreground / Background systems; Thread state and serialization, latency, prevention of interrupt overruns; Concurrent execution of threads, context switch, non-preemptive multitasking, preemptive multitasking; Critical sections:- disabling interrupts, disabling ask switch, spin lock, semaphore. Unit 5: Scheduling in embedded systems Conventional scheduling, deadline driven scheduling, rate monotonic scheduling, deadlock, watchdog timer; Memory management in embedded systems- Static allocation, dynamic allocation;. Recursion and dynamic allocation; shared memory, re-entrant functions; Boot up and System initialization. 80x86 microprocessor with a C compiler (suited for RTOS) and uC / OS RTOS; Real time Embedded System applications as case study; Suggested readings

1. Fundamentals of Embedded Software- Daniel W Lewis, Pearson Education 2. An Embedded Software Primer- David E. Simon, Pearson Education 3. Embedded Systems Design- Ramani Kalpathi and Ganesh Raja, 4. Design with PIC microcontroller- Peatman,, Pearson Education 5. Microcontrollers- Rajkamal,, Pearson Education

ELM 604 (IV) Bio Medical Signal Processing Unit 1: Introduction Origins of Bioelectric signals, Electrocardiogram (ECG), Electromyogram (EMG); Recording Electrodes- Silver-silver Electrodes, Electrodes for ECG, EEG and EMG; Physiological Transducers- Pressure Transducers, Temperature sensors, Pulse sensors; Sources of bioelectric potential, resting potential, action potential, propagation of action potentials in nerves; rhythmic excitation of heart; Unit 2: ECG Pre-processing, wave form recognition, morphological studies and rhythm analysis, automated diagnosis based on decision theory, ECG compression; Evoked potential estimation. EEG: Evoked responses, averaging techniques, pattern recognition of alpha, beta, theta and delta waves in EEG waves, sleep stages, epilepsy detection. Unit 3: EMG Wave pattern studies, biofeedback. application of signal processing techniques such as linear prediction, lattice - filtering & adaptive signal processing for extraction of physiological parameters; Unit 4: Introduction to wavelets & time frequency models Biomedical signal processing by Fourier analysis; Biomedical signal processing by wavelet; Multi resolution analysis; Fetal ECG & vesicular sound signals; Unit 5: Speech Signals Speech production model, inverse filtering techniques for extraction of vocal tract parameters, glottal inverse filtering; Electroglottograpic signals; signal processing techniques for detection of pathologies in speech production system; speech synthesis and speech recognition in diagnostic and; therapeutic applications; Unit 6: Medical imaging techniques

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CT scan, ultrasound, NMR and PET; Experiments are based on acquisition of biomedical signals and implementation of algorithms covered in the course to characterize these signals. Suggested Reading 1. Biomedical Signal Processing and Signal Modeling- E.N. Bruce, John Wiley and Sons, 2. Biomedical Signal Processing- W. J. Tompkins, ed., Prentice Hall; 3. Wavelets and Time frequency methods for Biomedical signal Processing- M. Akay, IEEE Press, 4. Digital Processing of speech signals- L. Rabinar, Pearson Education 5. Biomedical Instrumentation and Measurements- Cromwell, Weibell and Pfeiffer, PHI ELM-604 (V) Robotics Unit 1: Introduction Evolution of robotics, industrial robots; Cognitive and Biological aspects; Fields of application and future scope; Unit 2: Structural Design of Robot Anatomy of robot; Manipulation, arm geometry, Degrees of freedom; drives and control (hardware) for motions. End effectors and grippers, pickups, etc. Matching robots to the working place and conditions; Interlock and sequence control, reliability, maintenance and safety of robotic systems; Unit 3: Robot Design Direct and Inverse Kinematics, Path Planning and Motion Control, Robotic Manipulators, Sensors and Actuators; Low-Level Robot Control; Navigation Algorithms and Sensor-Based Navigation; Robot Vision and Other Sensors; Multi-Agent Robotics; Expert Systems Unit 4: Applications Studies in manufacturing processes, e.g. casting, welding, painting, machine tools, machining, heat treatment and nuclear power stations, etc. Synthesis and evolution of geometrical configurations, robot economics, educating, programming and control of robots. Suggested reading

1. Autonomous Robots- G. A. Bekey, MIT Press 2. Robotics and Control- Mittal, TMGH 3. Robotic Control- Fu, TMGH

ELM 604 (VI): Advanced Antenna Design Unit 1: Basics Concepts of Radiation Radiation from surface current and current line current distribution, Basic antenna parameters, Radiation mechanism-Current distribution of Antennas, Impedance concept-Balanced to Unbalanced transformer; Unit 2: Radiation from Apertures Field equivalence principle, Rectangular and circular apertures, Uniform distribution on an infinite ground plane, Aperture fields of Horn antenna-Babinets principle, Geometrical theory of diffraction, Reflector antennas, Design considerations - Slot antennas; Unit 3: Synthesis of Array Antennas Types of linear arrays, current distribution in linear arrays, Phased arrays, Optimization of Array Patterns, Continuous aperture sources, Antenna synthesis techniques Unit 4: Micro Strip Antennas Radiation mechanisms, Feeding structure, Rectangular patch, Circular patch, Ring antenna. Input impedance of patch antenna, Micro strip dipole, Micro strip arrays Unit 5: EMI S/EMC/Antenna Measurements Log periodic, Bi-conical, Log spiral ridge Guide, Multi turn loop, Traveling Wave antenna, Antenna measurement and instrumentation, Amplitude and Phase measurement, Gain, Directivity, Impedance and Polarization Measurement, Antenna range; Design and Evaluation; Unit 6: Smart Antennas systems Generalized array signal processing; Beam forming concepts-DOB, TRB & SSBF, Switched beam antennas, spatial diversity, and fully adaptive antennas for enhanced coverage, range extension & improvement in frequency refuse, interference nulling for LOS & Multipath systems, SDMA concepts and Smart antennas implementation issues; Suggested reading: 1. Antennas- Kraus, John Wiley and Sons; 2. Antenna Theory Analysis and Design- Balanis, John Wiley and Sons 3. Antenna Theory- Collin and Zucker, Mc Graw Hill,

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4. Smart Antennas for Wireless Communication: IS-95 and Third Generation CDMS applications- Liberti, Rappaport, PHI 5. Third-Generation Systems and Intelligent Wireless Networking: Smart Antennas and Adaptive Modulation- Blogh & Hanzo, Willey-IEEE Press; ELM-604 (VII): Advanced Photonics Unit 1: Atom Optics Linear atom optics-light forces on atoms, atomic cooling, Doppler and Sisyphus cooling, evaporative cooling, atomic beam collimation and focusing, channeling by standing waves, evanescent field mirrors, focused laser beam mirrors; Atomic diffraction- Ramn-Nath and Bragg regime, grating and interferometers, atomic traps and cavities, magneto optic, magnetic and optical traps, atomic waveguides; Quantum atom optics- Matter wave coherence, Bose-Einstein condensation, experiments in alkali vapors, atom lasers, matter wave solitons; Nonlinear wave mixing-Atomic four wave mixing, mixing of optical and matter waves, parametric amplification of atomic and optical fields; Entanglement between atomic and optical fields, matter waves super radiance, matter wave amplification, application of atom optics Unit 2: Industrial Photonics Photonics Technology- components, couplers, isolators, circulators, multiplexers and filters, fibre gratings, interferometers, FO amplifiers, transmitters and detectors, switches, wavelength converters, nonlinear effects in signal transmission, self phase and cross phase modulation, soliton pulse propagation; Test beds, LAMBDANET, STARNET, rainbow, wavelength routing network, optical layer in network, node design, Networking design and operation, routing wavelength assignment; Wavelength routing test beds: AON, NTTR, ONTC, MONET; Unit 3: Bio Photonics Photobiology- interaction of light with cells and tissues, photo-processes in Biopolymers, human eye and vision, photosynthesis; Photo-excitation-free space propagation, optical fiber delivery system, articulated arm delivery, hollow tube wave- guides; Optical coherence tomography, spectral and time-resolved imaging, fluorescence resonance energy transfer imaging, nonlinear optical imaging; Bio-imaging- transmission microscopy, Kohler illumination, microscopy based on phase contrast, dark-field and differential interference contract microscopy, fluorescence, confocal and multi-photon microscopy; Applications of bio-imaging: Bio- imaging probes and fluorophores, imaging of microbes, cellular imaging and tissue imaging; Optical biosensors-fluorescence and energy transfer sensing, molecular beacons and optical geometries of bio-sensing, biosensors based on fiber optics, planar waveguides, evanescent waves, interferometric and surface plasmon resonance; Flow cytometry: basics, fluorochromes for flow cytometry, DNA analysis; Laser activated therapy- photodynamic therapy, photo-sensitizers for photodynamic therapy, applications of photodynamic therapy, two photon photodynamic therapy; Tissue engineering using light: contouring and restructuring of tissues using laser, laser tissue regeneration, femto-second laser surgery; Laser tweezers and laser scissors, design of laser tweezers and laser scissors, optical trapping using non Gaussian optical beam, manipulation of single DNA molecules, molecular motors, lasers for genomics and proteomics, semiconductor quantum dots for bio imaging, metallic nano-particles and nano-rods for bio-sensing; Photonics and biomaterials: bacteria as bio-synthesizers for photonic polymers; Unit 4: Optical Processing Fresnel transform, Effect of lens on wavefront, FT property of lens, OTF, time and space integrating architecture, spectrum analysis, Vanderlugt filter; SLMs AO, MO, EO and LC based SLMs, optical numerical processing, simple arithmetic, evaluation of polynomials, optical implementation of matrix vector multiplication, differentiation, integration, partial differential equations; Optical neural network- characterization of ANN, supervised and unsupervised learning, neuron as nonlinear element, associative memory and vector matrix multiplication, double and multilayer NN, Hopfield net, optical implementation of neural networks; Suggested reading:

1. Optical Networks: A Practical applications - R Ramaswami and K N Sivarajan 2. Photonic Switching Technology - H T Mouftah, J M H Elmirghani 3. Deploying Optical Networking Components - Gil Held 4. Optical Interconnection - C Tocci, H J Caulfield 5. Introduction to Bio-Photonics - V N Prasad 6. Biomedical Photonics: A Handbook - T Vo Dinh 7. Atom Optics - P Meystre 8. Laser Cooling and Atom Traps - Metcalfe

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9. Fundamentals of Fibre Optics in Telecommunications and Sensor Systems - B.P. Pal 10. Optics - Ajoy Ghatak 11. Lasers, Theory and Applications - Thyagarajan & Ghatak. 12. Optical Measurement Techniques and Applications - P K Rastogi 13. Signal Processing using Optics - B G Boone 14. Optical Computing - D G Feitelson

ELM-604 (VIII) Bio Electronics Unit 1: Introduction Nature of Biomedical signals; Bio Electronic potentials; Necessity of Bio Electronics; Components; Scope and Application; Basics of cell biology; Structure of the cell, the nervous system and the neuron; function of enzymes; nucleus and role of DNA and RNA, adhesion of cell to surfaces. Unit 2: Electrical Circuit treatment of biological environments Behaviour of cells on semiconductor materials; Ionic conduction, the metal-electrolyte double layer, models of the cell membrane; Cell culture and biocompatibility testing; Mathematical modeling of the nervous system. Use of model neurons for associative computer memory; Bio-inspired systems; Unit 3: Electrical signal detection in biological systems Silicon, glass and metal electrodes, amplifier design; Fundamentals of electron transfer and its application in bio electronic systems;. Unit 4: Bioelectronic device production Microelectronic fabrication methods as adapted to Bioelectronics, hard and soft lithography, bio-compatibility of materials. Unit 5: Biosensors: Importance, working, types; Miniaturization and Microsystems including sensing using optical techniques, field effect transistors, ion-selective and enzymatic sensitive electrodes, as well as impedance monitoring. Unit 6: Case study Examples of industrial biosensors, e.g. for glucose monitoring and for DNA Analysis and some others Suggested reading

1. Biosensors- E A Hall, Wiley; 2. Electrodes and Membranes- J Koryta Ions, Wiley ; 3. Bioelectronics- S Bone & B Zabba, Wiley;

ELM 605: Fiber Optics and Optical Communication A: Fiber Optics Unit 1 - Optical waveguides Numerical aperture, modes in planar waveguides, Goos-Hanschen effect, evanescent field, cylindrical fibers, step index and graded index fibers, single mode and multimode fibers, cut of wavelengths, channel waveguides, electro optic waveguides, i/p and o/p couplers, e-o and m-o modulators Applications of integrated optics: lenses, grating, spectrum analyzers; Unit 2- Transmission characteristics of optical fiber: Attenuation, absorption and scattering losses, nonlinear losses, wavelengths for communication, bend losses, dispersion effects in optical fibers, material and waveguide dispersions, modal birefringence and polarization maintaining fibers; Unit 3 - Optical fiber measurements Attenuation, loss-dispersion band width, refractive index profile, OTDR, testing of optical fiber systems, eye pattern techniques; Fabrication and characterization of polymer fibers and holey fibers, erbium doped fibers; Unit 4 - Optical sensors Light beam as a sensing tool, simple optical sensors, single and double optic levers, measurements of small displacements, radius of curvature-lamp and scale arrangement, angle of rotation, speed of rotation, stroboscope, method of triangulation, projected fringe technique, LIDAR for atmospheric remote sensing, Optical Senors- general features, types of OFS, intrinsic and extrinsic sensors, intensity sensors, shutter based multimode OFS, simple fiber based sensors for displacement, temperature and pressure measurements- reflective FOS and applications, Fiber Bragg grating based sensors; Intensity modulation and interference type sensors, intrinsic and

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extrinsic fibers, polarization modulation type sensors, Sagniac and fiber gyro, temperature, pressure, force and chemical sensors; Unit 5 - Fiber components Couplers, connectors, packaging; Fiber optic communication: basic principle, WDM; Telemetric, industrial, medical and technological applications of optical fiber; B: Optical Communication: Unit I – Introduction Evolution of fiber types, guiding properties of fibers, cross talk between fibers, coupled modes and mode mixing, dispersion properties of fibers, nonlinear properties of optical fibers, SRS, SBS, intensity dependent refractive index; Fiber design considerations: diameter, cladding, thickness, low and high bit rate systems, characterization of materials for fibers, fiber perform preparation, fiber drawing and control, roles of coating and jacketing; Unit 2 - Optical and mechanical characterization of fibres, optical cable design Design objectives and cable structures, fibre splicing, fibre end preparation, single and array splices, measurement of splicing efficiency, optical fibre connectors, connector alignments, optical sources for communication, LED, injection lasers, modulation technique, direct and indirect methods, optical waveguide devices Unit 3 - Optical detectors Photodiodes in repeaters, receiver design, digital and analog , transmission system design, system design choices, passive and low speed active optical components for fiber system, micro-optic components, lens-less components, all fiber components; Unit 4 - Optical fiber components Modulation and demodulation, signal formats, direction detection receivers, coherent detection; Optical IC components for optical fiber components, electro optic devices for FO communication, optical switching, polarization control, inter office transmission system, trunking system, performance and architecture, under sea cable system, optical fibers in loop distribution system, photonic local network; Access network- network architecture, HFC, FTTC, optical access network architecture, deployment considerations, upgrading the transmission capacity, SDM, TDM, WDM, application areas, inter exchange, undersea, local exchange networks; Packaging and cabling of photonics components- photonic packet switching, OTDM, multiplexing and demultiplexing, optical logic gates, synchronization, broadcast OTDM network, OTDM testbeds; Unit 5 - Soliton communication- Basic principle, metropolitan optical network, cable TV network, optical access network, photonics simulation tools, error control coding techniques, nonlinear optical effects in WDM transmission; Suggested Reading: A: Fiber Optics

1. Optical Fibre Communication - J M Senior 2. Optical Fibre Communication systems - J Gowar 3. Fibre optic Communication - J Palais 4. Fundamentals of Fibre Optic Telecommunication - B P Pal 5. Integrated Optics - R G Husperge 6. Fundamentals of Fibre Optics - B P Pal

B: Optical Communication 1.Optical Fibre Telecommunication - S E Miller, A G Chynoweth 2.Optical Fibre Telecommunication II - S E Miller, I Kaninov 3.Optical Fibre Telecommunication IV B - I Kaninov, T Li 4. Deploying Optical Network Components - Gil Held

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7th Semester ELM-701: Digital Image Processing Unit 1: Introduction Steps in Digital Image Processing, Components of an Image Processing system, Applications. Human Eye and Image Formation; Sampling and Quantization, Basic Relationship among pixels- neighbour, connectivity, regions, boundaries, distance measures. Unit 2: Image Enhancement Spatial Domain-Gray Level transformations, Histogram, Arithmetic/Logical Operations, Spatial filtering, Smoothing & Sharpening Spatial Filters; Frequency Domain- 2-D Fourier transform, Smoothing and Sharpening Frequency Domain Filtering; Convolution and Correlation Theorems; Unit 3: Image Restoration Inverse filtering, Wiener filtering; Wavelets- Discrete and Continuous Wavelet Transform, Wavelet Transform in 2-D; Unit 4: Image Compression Redundancies- Coding, Interpixel, Psycho visual; Fidelity, Source and Channel Encoding, Elements of Information Theory; Loss Less and Lossy Compression; Run length coding, Differential encoding, DCT, Vector quantization, entropy coding, LZW coding; Image Compression Standards-JPEG, JPEG 2000, MPEG; Video compression; Unit 5: Image Segmentation Discontinuities, Edge Linking and boundary detection, Thresholding, Region Based Segmentation, Watersheds; Introduction to morphological operations; binary morphology- erosion, dilation, opening and closing operations, applications; basic gray-scale morphology operations; Feature extraction; Classification; Object racogntion; Unit 6: Colour Image Processing Colour models, Different processing techniques; Colour image filtering; Suggested Reading

1. Fundamentals of Digital Image processing- A. K. Jain, Pearson Education 2. Digital Image Processing- R. C. Gonzalez and R. E. Woods, Pearson Education 3. Digital Image Processing using MATLAB- R. C. Gonzalez , R. E. Woods and S. L. Eddins, Pearson

Education 4. Digital Image Processing and Analysis- Chanda and Mazumdar, PHI 5. Digital Image Processing- Annadurai and Shanmugalakshmi, Pearson Education 6. Digital Image Processing- Castleman, Pearson Education 7. Digital Image Processing- Pratt, John Wiley

ELM-702 (I): Neural Network Unit1: Introduction Machine Perception, Pattern Classification Systems, Design Cycle, Learning and Adaptation; Bayesian Decision theory-Continuous & Discrete features, Minimum Error-Rate, Classification, Classifiers; Unit 2: Parameter Estimation Maximum Likelihood Estimation, Bayesian Estimation, Hidden Markov Model; Nonparametric Methods- Density Estimation, Parzen Windows, k-Nearest Neighbour Estimation; Introduction to fuzzy set & fuzzy classification; Linear Discriminant Functions; Unit 3: Neural Networks Introduction, Biological Neurons, Artificial Neurons – various models, transfer functions; Learning methods, Stability and Convergence, Functional units for Pattern Recognition tasks; Single Layered Perceptron- LMS algorithm, Relation between perceptron and Bayes Classifier for a Gaussian Environment; Unit 4: Multilayered Perceptrons Feed Forward and Feed Backward Networks, Back Propagation Algorithm, Feature Detection, Network pruning, Supervised learning as an Optimization problem, Convolution Networks, Radial Basis Function Networks; Introduction to SVM-application for a Pattern Recognition Task & Non Linear Regression; Unit 5: Self-Organizing Maps

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Principles of Self-Organization, PCA, Two basic feature-Mapping Models, SOM Algorithm, Learning Vector Quantization; Introduction to neuro-hardware; Unit 6: Case study Application of neural networks for data compression, character recognition, speech recognition etc; Suggested reading

1. Pattern Classification- R. O. Duda, P. E. Hart and D. G. Stork, John Wiley; 2. Neural Networks- S. Haykin, 2nd Edition, Pearson Education; 3. Artificial Neural Networks- B. Yegnanarayana, PHI; 4. Neural Networks using Matlab 6.0- S. N. Sivanandam, S. Sumathi, S. N. Deepa, TMGH; 5. Computer Vision- D. A. Forsyth & J. Ponce, Pearson Education;

ELM-702 (ii) Bluetooth Unit 1: Introduction Overview and Objectives of Bluetooth technology, Piconets and Scatternets; Bluetooth version 1.0b, Bluetooth version 1.1; Applications; Advantage and disadvantage; Unit 2: Bluetooth Architecture and Protocol Bluetooth profiles- Serial Port, Headset, Intercom, Fax; Bluetooth APIs; Protocol layers; Bluetooth Radio layer, Base band layer, Bluetooth addressing, Link Management Protocol L2CAP, Host Controller Interface (HCI) , RFCOMM Unit 3: Working with Bluetooth Devices Configuring a Bluetooth-enabled mobile phone; Pairing with a headset; Pairing with other devices; Enabling and verifying Bluetooth security; Installing Bluetooth hardware; Installing Bluetooth driver software; Verifying interfaces and drivers; Bluetooth Configuration Tool; Testing the hardware; Configuring Bluetooth COM ports; Device discovery; Device properties; Service discovery; Unit 4: Bluetooth Security and Services Bluetooth Security- Basics, Configuring Trust; Configuring Security Modes; Configuring Bonding; Unit 5: Bluetooth Services Bluetooth services- Providing wireless access to a LAN, Creating a Bluetooth dial-up access point, Creating a Bluetooth Internet access point, Creating a Bluetooth Fax gateway, Security considerations; Accessing Internet services via a Bluetooth-enabled mobile phone; Accessing a corporate network via a Bluetooth-enabled mobile phone; Sending FAXes via Bluetooth; Troubleshooting resource access; Bluetooth products- Mobile phones, Pocket PCs and PDAs, Bluetooth adapters, PC adaptors: USB, PCMCIA, Bluetooth Access Points, Differentiating factors Suggested Reading

1. Data Communications and Networking- Forouzan, TMGH 2. Wireless Communications and Networks- Stallings, Pearson Education 3. Data Communications- Stalling, Pearson Education 4. Computer Networks- Tanenabaum, PHI

ELM-702 (iii) Bio- Informatics Unit 1: Introduction Evolution, Necessity, Basic Biology, Basic Mathematics, Biological Chemistry, Statistical Techniques; Introduction to Genome; Unit 2: Genetic Information Flow & Processing Introduction, Information content in DNA, RNA, gene; Biodiversity Informatics; Structural Biology; Cell Biology, Basic Protein Geometry and Least-Squares Fitting; Large-scale Censuses and Genome Comparisons; Genetics & Immunology; Chemoinformatics; Unit 3: Biological Databanks Basic principles; Protein Domains and Modules; Taxonomy & Phylogeny; Comparative Genomics and Proteomics; Parasite Bioinformatics; Metabolomes and Metabolic Pathway Engineering; Genome to Drug and Vaccine Unit 4: Computational Processing Concepts in Computing & Computer Programming; Introduction to Database Systems; Computer Graphics and Visualization; Programming in Object Oriented Languages Molecular Dynamics & Monte Carlo; Machine Learning Techniques; Distributed Computing; Object Oriented and Relational Databases; Data Mining and Data Security;

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Unit 5: Applications of Bioinformatics Applications in Agriculture, Human Health, Environment, Biotechnology, Molecular Biology, Neurobiology, Drug Designing, Veterinary Sciences; Emerging Areas Suggested Reading

1. Sequence Analysis Primer- Gribskov & Deveraux 2. Database System Concepts- Korth & Silberschatz 3. Dynamics of Proteins & Nucleic Acids- McCammon & Harvey.

ELM-702 (IV): Speech Processing Unit1: Introduction Definition, basic concepts, Types- voiced and unvoiced; Production of speech- Biological Model, Signal Processing Model; Application areas and trends; Steps of human-human communication; Speech reception and Comprehension by the listener; Digital model of speech perception; Unit 2: Speech Signal Processing Spectral analysis- DTFT, STFT, DFT; Sinusoidal analysis; Cepstral Analysis; LP Analysis- LP and Inverse LP filters, LP-derived features; Unit 3: Speech Coding Definition, Importance, Requirements, Speech coding trends, Classification- PCM, ADPCM, Transform domain coding, Sub band coding, Multi Pulse Linear Predictive Coding, Code Excitation Linear Prediction Coding; Unit 4: Speaker Recognition Importance, Man-Machine interface, Automatic Speaker Recognition, Biometric speaker recognition, Speaker verification v/s Speaker Identification,. Text- dependence and independence, Closed set and opened set, Speaker recognition using pattern Recognition Methods, Feature Extraction, Pattern Classification Techniques- Vector Quantization, Dynamic Time Warping, Hidden Markov Model, Neural Networks; Pattern Comparison; Unit 5: Speech Enhancement Definition, Requirements, Examples of degraded speech, Enhancement of single channel and multi channel speech; Time delay estimates; Suggested Reading 1. Digital Processing of Speech- Rabiner and Schafer, Pearson Education; ELM-702 (V) Optical Sensors Unit 1: Introduction Light beam as a sensing tool, simple optical sensors, single and double optic levers, measurements of small displacements, radius of curvature-lamp and scale arrangement, angle of rotation, speed of rotation, stroboscope, method of triangulation, projected fringe technique, lidar for atmospheric remote sensing, lidar equation Unit 2 - Interferometry for precision measurements Two-beam interferometry, Michelson interferometer, fringe displacement and fringe counting, heterodyne interferometer, super heterodyne interferometry, electron speckle pattern interferometry photoelastic measurements, Moiré technique Unit 3 - Optical fiber sensors- General features, types of OFS, intrinsic and extrinsic sensors, intensity sensors, shutter based multimode OFS, simple fibre based sensors for displacement, temperature and pressure measurements- reflective FOS and applications, Fibre Bragg grating based sensors Unit 4 - Light transmission in micro bend fibers Basic principles, micro bend OFS, measurements with micro bend sensors, evanescent wave phenomenon, evanescent wave FOS, chemical sensors using EWFOS, distributed sensing with FOS, OTDR and applications, FO smart sensing Unit 5- Interferometric FOS- Basic principles, interferometric configurations, Mach-Zender, Michelson and Fabri-Perot configurations- components and construction of interferometric FOS, applications of interferometric FOS, Sagnac interferometer, fiber gyro, OTDR and applications Suggested Reading 1. Fundamentals of Fiber Optics in Telecommunications and Sensor Systems - B.P. Pal

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2. Optics - Ajoy Ghatak 3. Lasers, Theory and Applications - Thyagarajan & Ghatak. 4. Optical Measurement Techniques and Applications - P K Rastogi ELM-702 (VI) Computer Vision Unit 1: Introduction Camera- Pinhole and Lens Types; Human Eye; Sensing; geometric Camera Models; Geometric Camera Calibrations; Radiometry; Projections; Transforms- Fourier, Hough and Radon; Sources, Shadows and Shading; Colour- Generation, Human Perception, Representation, Model for an Image Colour; Surface Colour; Unit 2: Image Analysis Scene Segmentation and Labeling; Counting Objects; Perimeter Measurements; Following and Representing Boundaries; B-Splines; Least Squares and Eigen Vector Line Fitting; Shapes of Regions; Unit 3: Shape Representation and Description Introduction; Statistical Decision Theory; Pattern Recognition Principles; Clustering Approach- K- Means Clustering; Parametric Approach- Bayes’ Classifier; Relaxation Approach; Shape Similarity Based Recognition; Expert System; Unit 4: Mid-level Vision Image Segmentation using K-means clustering and Graph- Theoretic Clustering; Segmentation by fitting a model; Segmentation and fitting using probabilistic methods; Tracking with linear dynamic models; Unit 5: High Level Vision Probabilistic and inferential methods- templates using classifiers, building classifiers form class histograms, feature selection, neural networks, support vector machines; Recognition by relations between templates; Geometric templates from spatial relations; Suggested reading

1. Two Tone Image Processing and Recognition- Chaudhuri and Dattamazumdar, Wiley Eastern; 2. Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis- Gose, Johnson , PHI 3. Computer Vision- Forsyth, Pearson Education 4. Computer Vision- D. H. Ballard and C. M. Brown, Prentice Hall; 5. Pattern Classification and Scene Analysis- P. E. Hart and R. O. Duda, John Wiley; 6. Machine Vision- R. Jain, R. Kasturi and B. G. Schunck, McGraw-Hill; 7. Vision- D. Marr, Freeman and Co; 8. Digital Image Processing R. C. Gonzalez and R. E. Woods, Pearson Education 9. Pattern Recognition – Statistical,

Structural and Neural Approaches- R. Schalkoff, John Wiley;

ELM-702 (VIII) Soft Computing Unit 1: Artificial Neural Networks Basic-concepts-single layer perception-Multi layer perception-Supervised and un supervised learning back propagation networks, Application; Unit 2: Fuzzy Systems Fuzzy sets and Fuzzy reasoning-Fuzzy matrices-Fuzzy functions-decomposition-Fuzzy automata and languages- Fuzzy control methods-Fuzzy decision making, Adaptive Control, Applications; Unit 3: Neuro-Fuzzy Modelling Adaptive networks based Fuzzy interfaces-Classification and Representation trees- algorithms –Rule base structure identification-Neuro-Fuzzy controls; Unit 4: Genetic Algorithm Survival of the fittest-pictures computations-cross overmutation-reproduction-rank method-rank space method, Application; Unit 5: Soft Computing And Conventional Ai AI Search algorithm-Predicate calculu rules of interface - Semantic networks-frames-objects-Hybrid models; Applications; Suggested Reading 1. Neuro Fuzzy and Soft computing- Jang J.S.R., Sun C.T and Mizutami E, Prentice Hall;

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2. Fuzzy Logic Engineering Applications- Timothy J.Ross; McGraw Hill; 3. Neural Networks- Simon Haykin, pearson Education 4.,Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Logic- George J.Klir and Bo Yuan, Prentice Hall ; 5. Artificial Intelligence- Nih.J.Ndssen Harcourt Asia Ltd.,Singapore; ELM-702 (IX) Data Security Unit 1: Conventional Encryption Introduction, Conventional encryption model, Steganography, Data Encryption Standard, block cipher, Encryption algorithms, confidentiality, Key distribution Unit 2: Public Key Encryption And Hashing Principles of public key cryptosystems, RSA algorithm, Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange. Elliptic curve cryptology, message authentication and Hash functions, Hash and Mac algorithms, Digital signatures Unit 3: IP Security IP Security Overview, IP security Architecture, authentication Header, Security payload, security associations, Key Management Unit 4: Web Security Web security requirement, secure sockets layer, transport layer security, secure electronic transaction, dual signature Unit 5: System Security Intruders, Viruses, Worms, Firewall design, Trusted systems, Antivirus techniques, Digital Immune systems Suggested Reading 1. Cryptography and Network security- William Stallings, Pearson Education ELM-703 DSP Processors Unit 1: Introduction Basic features, requirements, Computational characteristics of DSP algorithms and applications; Influence of Digital Signal processing in defining generic instruction-set architecture for DSPs. Unit 2: Design requirement of DSPs- High throughput, low cost, low power, small code size, embedded applications. Techniques for enhancing computational throughput: parallelism and pipelining. Unit 3: Architecture Data-path of DSPs- Multiple on-chip memories and buses, dedicated address generator units, specialized processing units (hardware multiplier, ALU, shifter) and on-chip peripherals for communication and control; Control-unit of DSPs- pipelined instruction execution, specialized hardware for zero-overhead looping, interrupts; Architecture of Texas Instruments fixed-point and floating-point DSPs: brief description of TMS320 C5x /C54x/C3x DSPs; Programmer’s model. Architecture of Analog Devices fixed-point and floating-point DSPs: brief description of ADSP 218x / 2106x DSPs; Programmer’s model. Advanced DSPs: TI’s TMS 320C6x, ADI’s Tiger-SHARC, Lucent Technologies’ DSP 16000 VLIW processors. Unit 4: Applications- A few case studies of application of DSPs for signal processing, communication and multimedia. Suggested Reading 1. Architectures for Digital Signal Processing- P. Pirsch, John Wiley 2. Digital Signal Processing in VLSI- R. J. Higgins, Prentice-Hall, 3. Texas Instruments TMSC5x, C54x and C6x Users Manuals. 4. Analog Devices ADSP 2100-family and 2106x-family Users Manuals. 5. VLSI Digital Signal Processing Systems- K. Parhi,John Wiley; 6. Digital Signal Processing for Multimedia Systems- K. Parhi and T. Nishitani: Marcel Dekker; 7. Digital Signal Processors- Kuo and Gan, Pearson Education;

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ELM-704: Project II (Phase 1) Students individually or two at the most will carry out a detail study on a topic and implement a related system. The study must include literature survey, similar work done previously, proposed work, modifications to be included, applications etc. A report is to be prepared and submitted under the guidance of a supervisor. The report should contain design, implementation and experimental details. The topics involved in the work should be related to the courses undertaken by the student till this portion of progression under the programme and have contemporary relevance. It can involve research and development oriented works and be carried out with an eye on the needs of the industry. The work must be defended through a presentation in front of a panel constituted by selected experts.

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8th Semester ELM-801: Project II (Phase 1I) Students individually or two at the most will carry out a detail study on a topic and implement a related system. The study must include literature survey, similar work done previously, proposed work, modifications to be included, applications etc. A report is to be prepared and submitted under the guidance of a supervisor. The report should contain design, implementation and experimental details. The topics involved in the work should be related to the courses undertaken by the student till this portion of progression under the programme and have contemporary relevance. It can involve research and development oriented works and be carried out with an eye on the needs of the industry. The phase II involves the complete design of the work and the preparation of the report in continuation of the work carried out in the previous semester. The work must be defended through a presentation in front of a panel constituted by internal and external examiners. ELM-802 (i) Management Lectures

1. Evolution, Meaning, Nature, Scope, Importance and Role of Business in Society; Economic Environment; Social responsibility of business.

2. Different forms of Business; Sole proprietorship, partnership, joint stock company, public enterprises. 3. Shares and share capital, Debentures, Bonds, Mutual Funds 4. Location of business units and its importance, primary and secondary factors, plant, plant layout. 5. Organization and principles of management, PODSCORB. 6. Fundamentals and role of marketing in society. The 4 P’s. (ii) Industrial training- Students must undergo industrial training for two months and submit a report on

the training. (iii) Seminar Presentation- Students must make a detailed study on and emerging area related to the

subject, prepare a report and make a presentation in front of a panel constituted by internal ans external examiners.

(iv)Techno-entrepreneurship- Students should be given exposure to the practices of entrepreneurship in

the areas of technology incubation, development, manufacturing and leadership so that some of them can be oriented towards adoption of entrepreneurial ventures as a career option. In this respect peers in the industry can be involved.

4. Course structure in L-T-P-C format

Semester Course Contents Distribution of marks Marks L T P C

Min Contact hours

Total Contact Hours

Total Credit

Total Marks

A. Electronic Materials 70 ELM 101

B. Mathematical Methods 30

100 3 1 0 6 40

ELM 102 Network Analysis 100 3 1 0 6 40

A. Quantum Mechanics 40 ELM 103

B. Semiconductor Devices 60

100 3 1 0 6 40

A. Digital Design 50 ELM 104

B. Microprocessor-1 50

100 4 0 0 6 40

1

ELM 105 Lab 1 (Analog & Digital Design, Microprocessor)

100

0 0 6 8 40

200 32 500

A. Electromagnetics 50 ELM 201

B. Microwave 50

100 4 1 0 6 40

A. Power Electronics 50 ELM 202

B. Control System 50

100 4 0 0 6 40

ELM 203 Communication System 100 3 0 0 6 40

A. Opto-Electronics 50 ELM 204

B. Instrumentation 50

100 4 0 0 6 40

2

ELM 205 Lab 2 (Microwave, Control System, Communication System & Power Electronics, )

100

0 0 6 8 40

200 32 500

L- Lectures/week, T-Tutorials/week, P-Practicals/week, C-Credits allocated to the course.

45

Semester Course Contents Distributionof marks

Marks L T P C MinContact hours

Total Contact Hours

Total Credit

Total Marks

A: IC Process Technology 60 ELM 301

B: Device Design 40

100 3 1 0 6 40

A. Mechatronics 50 ELM 302

B. Electronic System Design 50

100 4 0 0 6 40

A. Digital Communication 50 ELM 303

B. Signals & Systems 50

100 4 0 0 6 40

ELM 304 Web Technology 100 3 0 0 6 40

A. Microprocessor II ELM 305 Elective B. Microwave-II

100 0 0 0 8 40

3

ELM 306 Lab 3: Project I-Phase 1 100 0 0 6 8 40

240 40 600

ELM 401 Electrical Machines 100 3 0 0 6 40

A. Programming in C++ 50 ELM 402

B. Operating System 50

100 4 0 0 6 40

ELM 403 Photonics 100 3 0 0 6 40

ELM 404 Communication Networks 100 3 0 0 6 40

A. Introduction to Nanotechnology 100 3 0 0 8 40 ELM 405

Elective B. Microcontroller 100 3 0 0 8 40

4

ELM 406 Lab 4: Project 1-Phase-II 100 0 0 6 8 40

240 40 600

L- Lectures/week, T-Tutorials/week, P-Practicals/week, C-Credits allocated to the course.

46

Semester Course Contents Distribution

of marks Marks L T P C Min

Contact hours

Total Contact Hours

Total Credit

Total Marks

A. Linear Algebra 50 100 4 0 0 6 40 ELM 501

B. Random Process 50

ELM 502 VLSI Technology 100 3 1 0 6 40

ELM 503 Digital Signal Processing 100 3 1 0 6 40

ELM 504 Satellite Communication 100 3 1 0 6 40

5

ELM 505 Lab 5 100 0 0 6 8 40

200 32 500

ELM 601 Statistical Signal Processing 100 3 1 0 6 40

ELM 602 VHDL & Digital Design 100 3 1 0 6 40

ELM 603 Mobile Communication 100 3 1 0 6 40

A. Advanced Communication Networks 100 3 1 0 8 40

B. Advanced Processor Architecture 100 3 1 0 8 40

C. Embedded Systems 100 3 1 0 8 40

D. Bio Medical Signal Processing 100 3 1 0 8 40

E. Robotics 100 3 1 0 8 40

F. Bio-Electronics 100 3 1 0 8 40

G. Advanced Antenna Design 100 3 1 0 8 40

ELM 604

Elective

H. Advanced Photonics 100 3 1 0 8 40

6

ELM 605 Optical Communication 100 3 1 0 6 40

200 32 500

L- Lectures/week, T-Tutorials/week, P-Practicals/week, C-Credits allocated to the course.

47

Semester Course Contents Distribution

of marks Marks L T P C Min

Contact hours

Total Contact Hours

Total Credit

Total Marks

ELM 701 Digital Image Processing 100 3 1 0 6 40

A.Neural Networks 100 3 1 0 8 40

B.Bluetooth 100 03 81 40

C.Bio-Informatics 100 3 1 0 408

D.Speech Processing 100 3 1 0 8 40

E.Optical Sensors 100 3 1 0 8 40

F.Computer Vision 100 3 1 0 8 40

G.Soft Computing 100 3 1 0 8 40

ELM 702

Elective

H.Data Security 100 3 1 0 8 40

ELM 703 DSP Processors 100 3 1 0 6 40

7

ELM 704 Project II (Phase-1) 200 0 0 6 16 40

200 36 500

ELM 801 Project II (Phase-2) 400 0 0 6 32 160

A. Management Lectures 50

B. Industrial Training &

Seminar Presentation 40

8

ELM 802

C. Community Service /

Techno-entrepreneurship 10

100

3 1 0 6 40

200 38 500

Total 1680 282 4200

L- Lectures/week, T-Tutorials/week, P-Practicals/week, C-Credits allocated to the course.

48