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THSNA –March 7, 2018, San DiegoNursing Pre‐Summit Workshop 1 – 4pm
Thrombosis and Hemostasis Patient Education: Kernels and Pearls
How to successfully transition patients safely home
CAROLE HENNESSEY, RN-BC
THROMBOSIS PROGRAM COORDINATORCHILDREN’S NATIONAL HEALTH SYSTEMWASHINGTON, DC
LYNN B OERTEL, MS, NP-BC, CACP
ANTICOAGULATION MANAGEMENT SERVICEMASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITALBOSTON, MA
Facts about transitions
Among hospitalized patients >65 years, 21% are discharged to long term care or other institutions
25% of Medicare skilled nursing (SNF) residents are readmitted to the hospital
Individuals with chronic conditions (expected to reach 125 million in the U.S. by 2020) may see up to 16 physicians in one year
Source: National Transition of Care Coalition
What’s the impact of poor transitions?
Medication errors harm ~1.5 million Americans at a cost of at least $3.5 billion/year 30% of patients have at least one medication discrepancy at hospital discharge 20% of Americans discharged to home have an adverse event within 3 weeks of
discharge• 60% were medication related and could have been avoided
~20% of Medicare fee‐for‐service beneficiaries discharged from the hospital were readmitted within 30 days, 34% were readmitted within 90 days
Hospital readmissions within 30 days accounts for $15 billion of Medicare annually Financial penalties from CMS and other insurers Decreased patient and provider satisfaction
Source: National Transition of Care Coalition
What’s being done?
Joint Commission Center for Transforming Healthcare aims to solve critical safety and quality problems ◦ 10 hospitals participating to analyze and develop targeted solutions◦ To learn more, see: Transitions of Care (ToC) Portal ‐https://www.jointcommission.org/toc.aspx
AHRQ Health Literacy Universal Precautions Toolkit, 2nd edition◦ https://ahrq.gov/qual/literacy
Joint Commission Center for Transforming Healthcare
STANDARDIZE critical content
HARDWIRE within your system
ALLOW opportunities to ask questions
REINFORCE quality and measurement
EDUCATE and coach
Safe discharges to home beginning at time of admission Confirm appropriate indication (review of pertinent lab values, any potential
interacting medications with prescribed DOAC)
Verification of accurate prescription, including dose
Provide clear instructions to patient – especially VTE with dose changes for rivaroxaban and apixaban
Confirm affordability from patient’s perspective (fill Rx before discharge)
Identify responsible provider after discharge
Plan Patient and Family Education
Example of a safe transition from hospital to home
Inpatient referrals to MGH AMS provides opportunity for a safe transition to home AMS Nurse “meets and greets” patientCollaborates with inpatient care team◦ Reviews prescription◦ Inpatient team member to verify patient affordability
AMS RN provides one‐page summary of information reviewed and contact information◦ Follow‐up call 24 hours post discharge to review medications and anticoag plans
◦ Schedule a DOAC or warfarin office visit
Capitalize on technology to develop awareness of important patient transitions
Efforts at MGH AMS:Work lists (interface with AMS DawnAC® and hospital census) presents dynamic lists of patients:◦ Admitted: note placed in hospital record informing AMS follows patient◦ Discharged: record reviewed and patient called to review anticoagulant therapy and immediate follow‐up plans
Patient and Family Education
STANDARDIZE EDUCATION MATERIALS ACROSS THE INSTITUTION
Drug information tools for all anticoagulants
Comprehensive education appointment
DID YOU KNOW???
Average reading level of American adults is 8 ‐ – 9th grade
50% of Americans do not understand materials written at the 8 ‐ 9th grade level
Average reading level of health materials is 10th grade and above
20% of US adults read at the 5th grade level or lower
Screening for Health Literacy
“How often do you need to have someone help you when you read instructions, pamphlets, or other written material from your doctor or pharmacy?”1) never2) rarely3) sometimes4) often5) always
Single Item Literacy Screener (SILS): a simple instrument designed to identify patients with limited reading ability who need help reading health‐related materials
Scores greater than 2 were considered positive, indicating some difficulty with reading printed health related material
Morris NS et al. BMC Family Practice 2006; 7:21https://doi.org/10.1186/1471‐2296‐7‐21
Teach Back Method
Ask patient (or family member) to explain in their own words what they need to know or do
If needed, re‐explain and check again
Source: AHRQ Health Literacy Universal Precautions Toolkit, Tool 5
Carole Hennessey, RN‐BCChildren’s National Medical Center
How to successfully transition pediatric patients on anticoagulation safely home
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Need for Pediatric Transition Standards
Large increase in the pediatric VTE
Review of the literature
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Outpatient Anticoagulation of the Pediatric Patient
• Majority of pediatric patients are discharged home on low molecular weight heparin or warfarin.
• Pediatric patients require more frequent monitoring as their hemostatic cascade is dynamic.
• Effect of rapid weight gain in the neonatal population, inflammation, diet and other medications on dose of anticoagulant.
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Where to start?
Identification of patients.Anticoagulation Education:
Age and developmentally appropriateInclusive of main caregiversNeeds to be convenient and ongoingMust be documented!
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Educating the Patient/Family
• Inpatient education staff• Thrombosis nurse/NP• Bedside nurse• Pharmacist• Child Life Specialist• Adjuncts: videos, handouts and
www.stoptheclot.org
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At the time of discharge:
• Ensure patient is discharged home with anticoagulant in hand, checked for appropriate concentration and dose.
• Document lack of education, appropriate follow‐up and incorrect prescriptions.
• Contact information for the LIP responsible for anticoagulation.
• Follow‐up appointments or lab work.
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Post Discharge
• Follow‐up with a phone call 1‐2 days after discharge.– Appropriate dose and timing– Confirm follow‐up appointment– Answer questions
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Questions?
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