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THSNA – March 7, 2018, San Diego Nursing PreSummit Workshop 1 – 4pm Thrombosis and Hemostasis Patient Education: Kernels and Pearls How to successfully transition patients safely home CAROLE HENNESSEY, RN-BC THROMBOSIS PROGRAM COORDINATOR CHILDREN’S NATIONAL HEALTH SYSTEM WASHINGTON, DC LYNN B OERTEL, MS, NP-BC, CACP ANTICOAGULATION MANAGEMENT SERVICE MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL BOSTON, MA

LYNN B OERTEL, MS, NP-BC, CACP CAROLE …€¦ · ANTICOAGULATION MANAGEMENT SERVICE MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL BOSTON, MA. Facts about transitions ... Inpatient referrals to

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Page 1: LYNN B OERTEL, MS, NP-BC, CACP CAROLE …€¦ · ANTICOAGULATION MANAGEMENT SERVICE MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL BOSTON, MA. Facts about transitions ... Inpatient referrals to

THSNA –March 7, 2018, San DiegoNursing Pre‐Summit Workshop 1 – 4pm

Thrombosis and Hemostasis Patient Education: Kernels and Pearls

How to successfully transition patients safely home

CAROLE HENNESSEY, RN-BC

THROMBOSIS PROGRAM COORDINATORCHILDREN’S NATIONAL HEALTH SYSTEMWASHINGTON, DC

LYNN B OERTEL, MS, NP-BC, CACP

ANTICOAGULATION MANAGEMENT SERVICEMASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITALBOSTON, MA

Page 2: LYNN B OERTEL, MS, NP-BC, CACP CAROLE …€¦ · ANTICOAGULATION MANAGEMENT SERVICE MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL BOSTON, MA. Facts about transitions ... Inpatient referrals to

Facts about transitions

Among hospitalized patients >65 years, 21% are discharged to long term care or other institutions

25% of Medicare skilled nursing (SNF) residents are readmitted to the hospital

Individuals with chronic conditions (expected to reach 125 million in the U.S. by 2020) may see up to 16 physicians in one year

Source:  National Transition of Care Coalition

Page 3: LYNN B OERTEL, MS, NP-BC, CACP CAROLE …€¦ · ANTICOAGULATION MANAGEMENT SERVICE MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL BOSTON, MA. Facts about transitions ... Inpatient referrals to

What’s the impact of poor transitions?

Medication errors harm ~1.5 million Americans at a cost of at least $3.5 billion/year 30% of patients have at least one medication discrepancy at hospital discharge 20% of Americans discharged to home have an adverse event within 3 weeks of 

discharge• 60% were medication related and could have been avoided

~20% of Medicare fee‐for‐service beneficiaries discharged from the hospital were readmitted within 30 days, 34% were readmitted within 90 days

Hospital readmissions within 30 days accounts for $15 billion of Medicare annually Financial penalties from CMS and other insurers Decreased patient and provider satisfaction

Source:  National Transition of Care Coalition

Page 4: LYNN B OERTEL, MS, NP-BC, CACP CAROLE …€¦ · ANTICOAGULATION MANAGEMENT SERVICE MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL BOSTON, MA. Facts about transitions ... Inpatient referrals to

What’s being done?

Joint Commission Center for Transforming Healthcare aims to solve critical safety and quality problems  ◦ 10 hospitals participating to analyze and develop targeted solutions◦ To learn more, see:  Transitions of Care (ToC) Portal ‐https://www.jointcommission.org/toc.aspx

AHRQ Health Literacy Universal Precautions Toolkit, 2nd edition◦ https://ahrq.gov/qual/literacy

Page 5: LYNN B OERTEL, MS, NP-BC, CACP CAROLE …€¦ · ANTICOAGULATION MANAGEMENT SERVICE MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL BOSTON, MA. Facts about transitions ... Inpatient referrals to

Joint Commission Center for Transforming Healthcare

STANDARDIZE critical content

HARDWIRE within your system

ALLOW opportunities to ask questions

REINFORCE quality and measurement

EDUCATE and coach

Page 6: LYNN B OERTEL, MS, NP-BC, CACP CAROLE …€¦ · ANTICOAGULATION MANAGEMENT SERVICE MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL BOSTON, MA. Facts about transitions ... Inpatient referrals to

Safe discharges to home beginning at time of admission Confirm appropriate indication (review of pertinent lab values, any potential 

interacting medications with prescribed DOAC)

Verification of accurate prescription, including dose

Provide clear instructions to patient – especially VTE with dose changes for rivaroxaban and apixaban

Confirm affordability from patient’s perspective (fill Rx before discharge)

Identify responsible provider after discharge 

Plan Patient and Family Education

Page 7: LYNN B OERTEL, MS, NP-BC, CACP CAROLE …€¦ · ANTICOAGULATION MANAGEMENT SERVICE MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL BOSTON, MA. Facts about transitions ... Inpatient referrals to

Example of a safe transition from hospital to home

Inpatient referrals to MGH AMS provides opportunity for a safe transition to home AMS Nurse “meets and greets” patientCollaborates with inpatient care team◦ Reviews prescription◦ Inpatient team member to verify patient affordability

AMS RN provides one‐page summary of information reviewed and contact information◦ Follow‐up call 24 hours post discharge to review medications and anticoag plans

◦ Schedule a DOAC or warfarin office visit

Page 8: LYNN B OERTEL, MS, NP-BC, CACP CAROLE …€¦ · ANTICOAGULATION MANAGEMENT SERVICE MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL BOSTON, MA. Facts about transitions ... Inpatient referrals to

Capitalize on technology to develop awareness of important patient transitions

Efforts at MGH AMS:Work lists (interface with AMS DawnAC® and hospital census) presents dynamic lists of patients:◦ Admitted:  note placed in hospital record informing AMS follows patient◦ Discharged: record reviewed and patient called to review anticoagulant therapy and immediate follow‐up plans

Page 9: LYNN B OERTEL, MS, NP-BC, CACP CAROLE …€¦ · ANTICOAGULATION MANAGEMENT SERVICE MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL BOSTON, MA. Facts about transitions ... Inpatient referrals to

Patient and Family Education

STANDARDIZE EDUCATION MATERIALS ACROSS THE INSTITUTION

Drug information tools for all anticoagulants

Comprehensive education appointment

DID YOU KNOW???

Average reading level of American adults is 8 ‐ – 9th grade

50% of Americans do not understand materials written at the 8 ‐ 9th grade level

Average reading level of health materials is 10th grade and above

20% of US adults read at the 5th grade level or lower

Page 10: LYNN B OERTEL, MS, NP-BC, CACP CAROLE …€¦ · ANTICOAGULATION MANAGEMENT SERVICE MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL BOSTON, MA. Facts about transitions ... Inpatient referrals to

Screening for Health Literacy

“How often do you need to have someone help you when you read instructions, pamphlets, or other written material from your doctor or pharmacy?”1) never2) rarely3) sometimes4) often5) always

Single Item Literacy Screener (SILS):  a simple instrument designed to identify patients with limited reading ability who need help reading health‐related materials

Scores greater than 2 were considered positive, indicating some difficulty with reading printed health related material

Morris NS et al. BMC Family Practice 2006; 7:21https://doi.org/10.1186/1471‐2296‐7‐21

Page 11: LYNN B OERTEL, MS, NP-BC, CACP CAROLE …€¦ · ANTICOAGULATION MANAGEMENT SERVICE MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL BOSTON, MA. Facts about transitions ... Inpatient referrals to

Teach Back Method

Ask patient (or family member) to explain in their own words what they need to know or do

If needed, re‐explain and check again

Source:  AHRQ Health Literacy Universal Precautions Toolkit, Tool 5

Page 12: LYNN B OERTEL, MS, NP-BC, CACP CAROLE …€¦ · ANTICOAGULATION MANAGEMENT SERVICE MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL BOSTON, MA. Facts about transitions ... Inpatient referrals to

Carole Hennessey, RN‐BCChildren’s National Medical Center

How to successfully transition pediatric patients on anticoagulation safely home

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Page 13: LYNN B OERTEL, MS, NP-BC, CACP CAROLE …€¦ · ANTICOAGULATION MANAGEMENT SERVICE MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL BOSTON, MA. Facts about transitions ... Inpatient referrals to

Need for Pediatric Transition Standards

Large increase in the pediatric VTE

Review of the literature

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Page 14: LYNN B OERTEL, MS, NP-BC, CACP CAROLE …€¦ · ANTICOAGULATION MANAGEMENT SERVICE MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL BOSTON, MA. Facts about transitions ... Inpatient referrals to

Outpatient Anticoagulation of the Pediatric Patient

• Majority of pediatric patients are discharged home on low molecular weight heparin or warfarin.

• Pediatric patients require more frequent monitoring as their hemostatic cascade is dynamic.

• Effect of rapid weight gain in the neonatal population, inflammation, diet and other medications on dose of anticoagulant.

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Page 15: LYNN B OERTEL, MS, NP-BC, CACP CAROLE …€¦ · ANTICOAGULATION MANAGEMENT SERVICE MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL BOSTON, MA. Facts about transitions ... Inpatient referrals to

Where to start?

Identification of patients.Anticoagulation Education:

Age and developmentally appropriateInclusive of main caregiversNeeds to be convenient and ongoingMust be documented!

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Educating the Patient/Family

• Inpatient education staff• Thrombosis nurse/NP• Bedside nurse• Pharmacist• Child Life Specialist• Adjuncts: videos, handouts and 

www.stoptheclot.org

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Page 17: LYNN B OERTEL, MS, NP-BC, CACP CAROLE …€¦ · ANTICOAGULATION MANAGEMENT SERVICE MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL BOSTON, MA. Facts about transitions ... Inpatient referrals to

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Page 19: LYNN B OERTEL, MS, NP-BC, CACP CAROLE …€¦ · ANTICOAGULATION MANAGEMENT SERVICE MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL BOSTON, MA. Facts about transitions ... Inpatient referrals to

At the time of discharge:

• Ensure patient is discharged home with anticoagulant in hand, checked for appropriate concentration and dose.

• Document lack of education, appropriate follow‐up and incorrect prescriptions.

• Contact information for the LIP responsible for anticoagulation.

• Follow‐up appointments or lab work.

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Page 20: LYNN B OERTEL, MS, NP-BC, CACP CAROLE …€¦ · ANTICOAGULATION MANAGEMENT SERVICE MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL BOSTON, MA. Facts about transitions ... Inpatient referrals to

Post Discharge

• Follow‐up with a phone call 1‐2 days after discharge.– Appropriate dose and timing– Confirm follow‐up appointment– Answer questions

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Page 21: LYNN B OERTEL, MS, NP-BC, CACP CAROLE …€¦ · ANTICOAGULATION MANAGEMENT SERVICE MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL BOSTON, MA. Facts about transitions ... Inpatient referrals to

Questions?

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