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LTE Release 8 and beyondSeptember 2009
2
Disclaimer
QUALCOMM Incorporated, 5775 Morehouse Drive, San Diego, CA 92121-1714Copyright © 2009 QUALCOMM Incorporated, All rights reserved.
Nothing in these materials is an offer to sell any of the components or devices referenced herein. Certain components for use in the U.S. are available only through licensed suppliers. Some components are not available for use in the U.S.
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LTE: An Optimized OFDMA Solution
Boosts Data Capacity in Dense Urban AreasSeamless Interoperability with 3G
Leverages New, Wider and TDD SpectrumBest suited in 10 MHz and beyond
A Parallel Evolution Path to 3G Similar performance with same bandwidth
Qualcomm: Industry’s First LTE/3G Multimode Chipsets3G multimode required for ubiquitous data coverage and voice services
LTE
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LTE: An Optimized OFDMA Solution
Continuing 3G’s track record of mobility and high spectral efficiency
Low Latency
Leverages 3G’s
Technology Expertise
FDD and TDD Support
Mobility Support
Leverages 3G’s
Ecosystem
Seamless 3G Interoperability
All-IP System
with QoS
Low Overhead
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LTE
LTE Boosts Data Capacity in Dense Urban Areas
Industry’s first LTE/3G multimode solutions
LTE/3GMultimodeSolutionsTTD & FDD
3G CoverageEvolved 3G ensures similar user experience outside LTE coverage
3G provides ubiquitous data coverage and voice
Seamless service continuity with 3G from day one
3G/LTE multimode devices required
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LTE Leverages New and Wider Spectrum
Best suited to leverage new and wider bandwidths
TDD 2:1 shown as an example. LTE also supports half-duplex.
DL
UL
FDDTDD
DL UL
TD-LTE Optimal Technology for Unpaired Spectrum
TDD
20 MHz15 MHz1.4MHz 10 MHz5 MHz3 MHz
Available in smaller bandwidths
LTE relative performance decreases with bandwidth due to higher overhead; 40% overhead in 1.4 MHz vs. 25% in 20 MHz results in 25% better relative performance in 20 MHz vs. 1.4 MHz.
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LTE is A Parallel Evolution Path to 3G
2009 — 2010 2011+
Excellent Mobile Broadband TodayVoice and Full Range of IP Services
LTE Leverages new, wider and TDD spectrum
Enhanced User ExperienceImproved voice and data capacity
Created 08/18/09
LTERel-8 Rel-10
LTE Advanced
Rel-9
CDMA20001X Simultaneous 1X Voice and EV-DO Data
Phase II
DO AdvancedPhase IRev. A
EV-DO Rev. BEV-DORel. 0
Rel-9 & Beyond
HSPA+ (HSPA Evolved)
Rel-7 Rel-8
HSPARel-5 Rel-6
WCDMARel-99
1x Advanced
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Industry’s First LTE/3G Multimode Chipsets
MDM9200™: LTE & HSPA+ R8 Multicarrier1
100 Mbps downlink / 50 Mbps uplink Sampling 3Q 2009
MSM8960™: LTE & HSPA+ R8 Multicarrier1, EV-DO Rev. B 1GHz applications processor and 1080p HD encode and decode Sampling mid 2010
MDM9600™: LTE & HSPA+ R8 Multicarrier1, EV-DO Rev. B 100 Mbps downlink / 50 Mbps uplink Sampling 3Q 2009
MDM9200LTE
DC-HSPA+EDGE
MDM9600LTE
DC-HSPA+/DOrBEDGE
MSM8960LTE
DC-HSPA+/DOrBEDGE
HandsetOptimized
DataOptimized
Common FDD and TDD platform
Qualcomm is uniquely positioned to support first multimode LTE/3G deployments
1HSPA+ multicarrier is limited to 2 carriers in R8, a.k.a DC-HSPA+.
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~6-7 Years to Reach 50M Subscribers for Successful Wireless Standards
Air i/f
Publication
Publication
Publication
Publication
Publication
Sources: CDG, Qualcomm, Ericsson, IEEE, 3GPP2 and GSMA. The “first reference publication” date used is the earliest publication date where Qualcomm feels that a set of reasonably complete and consistent specifications were available. Note that the LTE air interface publication date shown is 12/2007, but the core network (EPC) was published mid 2008. A stable ASN.1 code is required for commercial implementation of the standard (LTE R8 ASN.1 was frozen in March 2009).
Publication
WCDMA
EV-DO
GSM ~50M Subs
~50M Subs
~50M Subs
CDMA ~50M Subs
802.11~50M Subs
HSDPA ~50M Subs
LTE PublicationEPC
’90 ’91 ’92 ’93 ’94 ’95 ’96 ’97 ’98 ’99 2000 ’01 ’02 ’03 ’04 ’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’091989 ’10 ’11 ’12 ’13 ’14 ’15
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LTE Voice Through Fallback to 3G, Long Term Solution is VoIP using IMS
LTE focused on data while leveraging 3G for voice3
1Simultaneous 1X Voice and DO (SVDO) planned across future Qualcomm DO chipsets, simultaneous WCDMA voice and HSPA data available today. HSPA+ will also support ‘CS over HS’ voice. Simultaneous Voice and data also through VoIP over EV-DO. 2Requires VCC for service continuity 3LTE air interface supports VoIP, but initial focus is on data with data optimized devices.
Initial LaunchesData Cards
Initial Voice SolutionLTE Data Handsets
Long Term Voice SolutionLTE VoIP Handsets
3G coverage
LTE coverage
Simultaneous VoIP and LTE data2
LTE data onlyLTE coverage
LTE data onlyLTE coverage
Rely on 3G for Voice andSimultaneous Voice and Data1
1X voice and EV-DO data (SVDO) WCDMA voice and HSPA+ data
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Strong Worldwide LTE InterestOperators Committed to Combined 3G and LTE Strategy
North America Western Europe Asia Pacific Various Mkts Sweden TeliaSonera Tele2 Telenor
France Orange
Germany T-Mobile
Ireland Hutchinson 3
Italy Telecom Italia
Norway TeliaSonera Telenor
Australia Telstra
China China Mobile China Telecom
New Zealand Telecom New Zealand
South Korea SK Telecom KTF
Hong Kong SmarTone-Vodafone
Japan NTT DoCoMo KDDI
Philippines Piltel
Vodafone
3G ecosystem committed to LTE—over 800 million 3G subscribers
Over 30 Operators indicated LTE plans
Sources: Global Mobile Suppliers Association (GSA) – Evolution of Network Speeds (July 2009)
United States Verizon Wireless AT&T Metro PCS CenturyTel Cox Communications Aircell
Canada Bell Canada Rogers Wireless Telus
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Worldwide Mobile Broadband Spectrum
Bandwidth Deployment Options1
FDD Blocks/Spectrum band
5MHz
10MHz
20MHz
2.5/2.6 GHz2
2.1 GHz(1.7 or 1.9 uplink)
1.5, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9GHz
900 MHz
800/850 MHz
Digital Dividend3
(700 to 800 MHz)
FDD Blocks 5 MHz 10 MHz 20 MHz
RecommendedTechnology
HSPA+ &EV-DO Rev. B
HSPA+ & LTE(2x5 MHz DO Rev. B)
LTE(2x10 MHz HSPA+)
Recommended Technology
US/Canada700, 850 MHz
1.7/2.1, 1.9, 2.5 GHz
Europe800, 900 MHz
1.8, 1.9/2.1, 2.5 GHzAsia-Pacific
450, 700, 850, 900 MHz1.7, 1.8, 1.9/2.1, 2.3, 2.5 GHz
Africa & Middle E.450, 800, 850, 900 MHz
1.8, 1.9/2.1, 2.5 GHz
Latin America450, 700, 850, 900 MHz1.7/2.1, 1.8, 1.9, 2.5 GHz
1Usable spectrum blocks for product implementation. 2IMT extension 2500 to 2690 MHz, 70 MHz+70 MHz FDD in most countries. 3Digital dividend; Region 1 (Europe, Middle East and Africa) 790-862 MHz, Region 2 (Americas) 698-806 MHz. Region 3 (Asia) – some 698-790 MHz (e.g. China, India, Japan, Bangladesh, Korea, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines and Singapore) others 790-806 MHz
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TD-LTE: Global Solution for Unpaired Spectrum
LTE/3GMultimodeFDD & TDD
Examples of worldwideTDD Spectrum
PotentialSpectrum
2.5/2.6 GHz1 50 MHz
2.3 GHz2 100 MHz
TD-LTE leverages large LTE FDD ecosystem
Common FDD and TDD chipset platform
TDD Spectrum
Strong TD-LTE industry support All major infra vendors offering TD-LTE
China Mobile committed to TD-LTE
TD-LTE available in similar timeframe as FDD
3G interworking addressed from day one
WiMAX industry support declining All major infra vendors supporting LTE
1IMT extension band: 50 MHz TDD and 70 MHz + 70 MHz FDD in most countries. 2TDD 2.3 GHz will be used in e.g. China
14
TD-LTE Complements 3G Networks TD-LTE suitable for hot-spot capacity expansions
TDD spectrum available at higher frequency bands TDD has less coverage compared to FDD1
Leverage lower cost TDD spectrum
Seamless service continuity with 3G2
3G Macro CoverageHSPA+ and EV-DO Rev. B(e.g. 800/900 MHz and 2.1 GHz)
TD-LTE Hot-spotsMicro, Pico and Femtocells (e.g. 2.3 and 2.6 GHz)
1FDD has a ~3 dB link budget advantage over TDD for DL/UL ratio of 2:1 13G interworking integral part of 3GPP/PP2 standards and addressed from day one by LTE ecosystem
FDD LTE Macro Coverage(e.g. 2.6 GHz)
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Radio Link Improvement is Slowing, What Is Next?
Evolved 3G withAdvanced Receivers(EV-DO Rev. B & HSPA+)
Data optimized 3G(EV-DO & HSPA)
3G (IMT-2000): Voice & Data(e.g. CDMA2000 1X & WCDMA)
2G: Voice Capacity(Digital e.g. GSM & IS-95)
1G: Voice(Analog e.g. AMPS)
LTE(OFDMA)
Next Gen.Leap
Next Gen.Leap
Next GenerationLeap
2G
3G
1G
Evolved 3G
Approaching the theoretical limit
Topology will provide gains beyond technology—LTE Advanced
Relative C
apacity Multiples
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Bring Transmitter Closer to User for Uniform User Experience and Increased Capacity
The Next Significant Performance LeapIncreasing spectral efficiency per coverage area
Remote Radio heads
Operator DeployedPico cells
User Deployed Femtocells
17
Mixed Networks Impose Challenges
Interference
Fairness
User-Deployed Nodes
Operation &Management
Scalability
Restricted Femto Access
18
Improved Fairness Among Users
Plug-and-PlayDeployments
AdvancedInterferenceManagement
Improved Performance for Advanced Topology Networks with LTE Advanced
Self-Organizing Networks
>20 MHz SpectrumAggregation Support for
Relays
Note: Most topology enhancement features considered for LTE Rel-10 (LTE Advanced), but some may be introduced in Rel-9 e.g., some SON functions are introduced in Rel-9.
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230 kbps
Median UsersDownlink Data Rates
Macro Only
Example: Assign user to the more optimal cell—not always the strongest—
to improve network performance
1.48 Mbs
Macro+Picos
2.8X
Smar
t U
ser
Assi
gnm
ent
Pico cell
480 kbps
Macro+Picos
1X Pico cell
Pico cell
Assumptions: 10 Picos per Macro randomly dropped within macro coverage. Preliminary results based on one improvement with smart user assignment, additional benefit from other advanced interference management techniques. Based on proposed LTE-A evaluation methodology in R1-08402610 MHz FDD, 2x2 MIMO and 25 users
LTE Advanced: Improves Advanced Topology Networks
20
Qualcomm: Mobile OFDM/A Leadership
A Leading contributor to the LTE standards
A Leading contributor to OFDM/A based standards and solutions Flash-OFDM, Platinum Multicasting and MediaFLO
More than 1,000 OFDM/A patents
Qualcomm is uniquely positioned to support first multimode LTE/3G deployments
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Summary
Boosts Data Capacity in Dense Urban AreasSeamless Interoperability with 3G
Leverages New, Wider and TDD SpectrumBest suited in 10 MHz and beyond
A Parallel Evolution Path to 3GSimilar performance with same bandwidth
Qualcomm: Industry’s First LTE/3G Multimode Chipsets3G multimode required for ubiquitous data coverage and voice services
LTE
22
Thank You
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LTE: A Parallel Evolution Path to HSPA+
2010 20112009 2012+
Note: Estimated commercial dates
Leverages new, wider and TDD spectrum
DL: 73 – 150 Mbps3
UL: 36 – 75 Mbps3
(10 MHz – 20 MHz)
DL: 28 MbpsUL: 11 Mbps
DL: 42 Mbps1
UL: 11 MbpsDL: 84 Mbps2
UL: 23 Mbps2
(10 MHz )
DL: 1.8-14.4 MbpsUL: 5.7 Mbps
2x data capacity>2x voice capacity
Broadband downloadsand uploads, QoS
Multicarrier- 2x data rates to all
20 MHz deployments
Multicarrier enhancements
DL: 100+ Mbps3
UL: 23+ Mbps(10 MHz )
Created 08/18/09
1 R8 will reach 42 Mbps by combining 2x2 MIMO and HOM (64QAM) in 5MHz, or by utilizing HOM (64QAM) and multi carrier in 10 MHz.
2 R9 and beyond may utilize combinations of multi carrier and MIMO to reach 84 Mbps peak rates. Similarly, uplink multi carrier can double the uplink data rates.
3 Peak rates for 10 and 20 MHz FDD using 2x2 MIMO, standard supports 4x4 MIMO enabling peak rates of 300 Mbps. TDD rates are a function of up/downlink asymmetry
4Peak rates can reach or exceed 300 Mbps by aggregating multiple 20 MHz carriers as considered for LTE Advanced (LTE Rel-10).
Multicarrier > 20 MHzdeployments
DL: 300+ Mbs4
UL: 150+ Mbps4
( Beyond 20 MHz)
Rel-7 Rel-8 Rel-9 Beyond Rel-9 Rel-6(HSUPA)
Rel-99 Rel-5(HSDPA)
HSPA HSPA+ (HSPA Evolved)WCDMA
LTE LTE Advanced
Rel-10Rel-8 Rel-9
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The natural and most economical upgrade from HSPA Backward compatible with all UMTS evolutions: R99 through R6, R7, R8… Optimal performance for single and aggregated 5 MHz carriers High HSPA voice capacity and simultaneous voice and data services MIMO support
Optimized mobile OFDMA solution for new and wider spectrum Optimal technology for TDD deployments Higher peak data rates through wider bandwidths Boosts data capacity in dense urban deployments Interoperates seamlessly with 3G through multimode devices
HSPA+ and LTE are on Parallel Evolution Paths
HSPA+
LTE
25
Similar W/CDMA and OFDMA performance
Source: Qualcomm Simulations: NGMN D1: 500m ISD, HSPA+ scaled up from 5 MHz, details in R1-070674. HSPA+ DL Interference Cancellation not considered.
+
CapacityEnhancements—Available to all
air interfaces
10 MHz FDD 2x2 MIMO (DL)
Advanced Receivers • Equalizer• Interference Cancellation (mainly for CDMA)
Advanced Antenna Techniques • Antenna Diversity (RX and TX)• SDMA and Beamforming• MIMO
Optimized Shared Channel• Adaptive Modulation & Coding• Physical Layer Retransmission• Opportunistic scheduling
Higher Order Modulation• 16 QAM and 64 QAM• More than 64 QAM
Efficient MobilityLow Overheads
12.5 Mbps
15.1 Mbps
HSPA+ Multicarrier gain nor HSPA+ handset Interference Cancellation gain included
Similar Spectral Efficiency
for same number of antennas and bandwidth
26
Achievable & Supported Peak Data Rates
Peak data rates scale with the bandwidth 2x2 MIMO supported for initial
LTE deployments
Similar peak data rates defined for FDD & TDD
Achievable LTE Peak Data Rates Accounts for overhead at different bandwidths & antenna configurations
UE Supported Peak Data Rates (Mbps)Based on FDD UE categories defined in 3GPP standard
DL ULBandwidth 2x2 4x4 1x25 MHz 37 Mbps 72 Mbps 18 Mbps10 MHz 73 Mbps 147 Mbps 36 Mbps20 MHz 150 Mbps 300 Mbps 75 Mbps
LTE UE Category
1 2 3 4 5
DL 10 50 100 150 300UL 5 25 50 50 75