LPG PRODUCT KNOWLEDGE

PRODUCT KNOWLEDGE

LPG

IQUEFIED PETROLEUM AS It is a fossil fuel byproduct that exists as gas under normal atmospheric conditions but is changed into liquid by an appropriate change in pressure.

L P G

Cooking, heating, air-conditioning, water heating, refrigeration, incinerating

AT HOME

Chicken brooders, incubators, crop drying, tobacco curing, greenhouse heating, rice threshers

IN THE FARM

INDUSTRIES Brazing, soldering, ceramic firing, clothes pressing, die casting, drop forging, annealing, hardening

Auto LPG for vehicles such as cars, SUV’s, and forklifts

TRANSPORT

SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION

IMPORTANT MARKINGS

BPS MARK

TARE WEIGHT

REQUALIFICATION DATE

BULK/INDUSTRIAL 50kg Restaurants Hotels

Farms Industries

LPG STORAGE

22kg Forklifts

11kg Homes Small Restos

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

30-40%

60-70%

PROPANE (C3H8)

BUTANE (C4H10)

VAPOR

LIQUID

PURE LPG IS COLORLESS AND ODORLESS LPG is as clear as water in liquid form and invisible in vapor form.

Pure LPG has no smell. Ethyl mercaptan is added so any leaks can be detected by scent.

LPG vapor when released to the atmosphere is heavier than air. LPG vapor will then tend to deposit on the lowest portion in the area.

LPG VAPOR IS HEAVIER THAN AIR

LPG vapor when released to the atmosphere is heavier than air. LPG vapor will then tend to deposit on the lowest portion in the area.

LPG VAPOR IS HEAVIER THAN AIR

LPG vapor when released to the atmosphere is heavier than air. LPG vapor will then tend to deposit on the lowest portion in the area.

LPG VAPOR IS HEAVIER THAN AIR

LPG liquid is light as it weighs only about half as much of the weight of water for the same volume.

LPG LIQUID IS VERY LIGHT

LPG liquid is light as it weighs only about half as much of the weight of water for the same volume.

LPG LIQUID IS VERY LIGHT

LPG dissolves natural rubber

LPG is non-poisonous and environment-friendly

LPG has a calorific value of about 49,500 kilojoules per kilogram.

For an 11-kg cylinder, that amounts to heat enough to boil 5 liters of water everyday for 346 days.

LPG HAS HIGH HEAT CONTENT

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Increase in heat comes with increase in pressure

LPG in the liquid phase expands due to any increase in temperature. The liquid inside the tank tries to evaporate, but, since it is trapped inside the confines of the tank, pressure builds up.

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Increase in heat comes with increase in pressure

LPG in the liquid phase expands due to any increase in temperature. The liquid inside the tank tries to evaporate, but, since it is trapped inside the confines of the tank, pressure builds up.

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ULLAGE

Because of liquid expansion, filling is done only up to 85% capacity. The “free space” is called ULLAGE. Overfilling the tank may result to dangerous hydraulic pressures which may cause the discharge of liquid out of the pressure relief valve, or may even rupture the tank.

15%

85%

LIQUID TO VAPOR EXPANSION

One unit of liquid is equivalent to 250 units of vapor.

250 TANKS VAPOR

1 TANK LIQUID

COMMERCIAL/ MULTI-CYLINDER Small industrial plant Malls Hotels Restaurants Laundry Shops

BULK/ INDUSTRIAL Manufacturing plants Large Hotels Malls

SAFETY

TRIANGLE OF FIRE

Source of Ignition

Fuel / LPG

Oxygen

LIMITS OF FLAMMABILITY Air-Fuel Mixture

TOO RICH TO BURN (11-100%)

WILL BURN (2-10%)

TOO LEAN TO BURN (0-2%)

Air-Gas Flammable Mixture

The LFL (Lower Flammable Limit) is around 2% mixture of LPG in air - this means that 1 liter of liquid LPG, when mixed with air will give 12,500 liters of flammable mixture.

EMERGENCY ACTION PROCEDURES

Eliminate all sources of ignition immediately. Do not switch on/off electrical switches which may cause sparks.

Close the main gas valve to stop the flow of gas.

EMERGENCY ACTION PROCEDURES

Open windows, doors and other openings to increase ventilation.

EMERGENCY ACTION PROCEDURES

Cover leaking portion with wet cloth and/ or spray water to disperse vapor cloud.

EMERGENCY ACTION PROCEDURES

EMERGENCY ACTION PROCEDURES

If leak is on the cylinder, bring the cylinder to a well ventilated and isolated area.

EMERGENCY ACTION PROCEDURES

If the escaping vapor catches fire: Shut-off main gas valve as well other valves along the line.

If fire is on cylinder, spray on the upper portion of the cylinder to keep it cool.

Use soapy water when checking for leaks.

SAFETY TIP

Use LPG resistant flexible hose

SAFETY TIP

SAFETY TIP

Since LPG vapor is heavier than air, it is therefore unsafe to install LPG tanks on the lowest portion of any structure.

SAFETY TIP

Do not store cylinder in kitchen cabinets without proper ventilation.

SAFETY TIP

Keep cylinder upright. Never invert or let lie horizontally

Store cylinder away from electrical appliances and other sources of fire/ ignition

SAFETY TIP

1.0 m 3 ft.

3.0 m 10 ft.

Don’t change cylinders in the presence of naked lights.

SAFETY TIP

Don’t use tools to operate cylinder valves.

SAFETY TIP

Don’t drop cylinders off vehicles as it may cause damage to cylinders & valves.

SAFETY TIP

Think Safe. Think Solane.