Low-Carbon Green Growth and Urban Planning Strategies in Korea

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Low-Carbon Green Growth &Urban Planning Strategies in Korea

Dr. Jo, JincheolResearch Fellow

Global Development Partnership Center

Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements (KRIHS)[email protected]+82-31-380-0164

ASIAN URBAN FORUM 2011

ADB Headquarters, Manila, Philippines, 17 November 2011
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


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Contents

National Policies & Strategies for Low-Carbon Green GrowthI.

Low-Carbon Green Growth Urban PlanningII.

Planning Directions for Low-Carbon GreenIV.

Definition: Low-Carbon Green GrowthNational Policies & Strategies

II-1. Urban Planning GuidelinesII-2. Urban Planning Practices

Case Studies: Sosabeol DistrictIII.


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KRIHS

KRIHS

National Policies & Strategies

for Low-Carbon Green GrowthI

Definition: Low Carbon Green GrowthNational Strategies for Low-Carbon Green Growth


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Green Growth promotes a sustainable growth..... and a new paradigm generatingdynamics of growth and creating new jobs. (15. Aug. 2009)

Green represents more than environment, and Growth is complementsenvironment

For us, Low-Carbon Green Growth is not an option, but an imperative.(29. Aug. 2009)

Low-Carbon Green Growth Statement

A vision statement on low-carbon green growthmade by president Lee (2008.08.15),

followed by his attendance on G8 High-level Talks


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- Concerning Green Land & Transportation, five strategies were developed forestablishing a constituency of green growth

Strength Weakness

Opportunity Threat

Regulatory reorganization &R&D works are under way

Applications & convergence ofIT & green growth are in blast

(U-Eco city) Public funding on energy

saving buildings (green home) Promotes and supports

sustainable transportation(bicycle)

Municipalities poorappreciation on green landand transportation

Uncertainty of effectivenessof resources to be taken

Inappropriate weather andnatural conditions for bicyclerides

As in initial stage, higheffectiveness is expectedwhen actions taken

As with experiences in eco-

friendly new town planning,mgmt. and operation will beexpected to be highlyeffective (with less errors).

Unproven technologies &techniques

National consensus on thegovernment policies:

peoples willingness orsympathy towards thepolicies

Strategies

Green Land & City

Enlarged Eco

-

Space

Green Constructions

Green Transportation

Bicycle Riding

Sustainable Transportation

Transforming the transportation

system to low-carbon green system.

Establishing standards for energy-

effective green buildings, and

promoting the constructions.

Physical and institutional

reorganization (eco spaces,programs, promotions..)

Low carbon green growthinfrastructure for reducinggreenhouse gas by reorganizingspatial structures and landscapes.

Directions

Establishing a constitution forbicycle-friendly transportation

environment and system.

Regulatory Readiness


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Presidential Committee on Green Growth set the reduction goal (2020) ofgreenhouse gas, and Low-Carbon Green Growth Act takes into effect 13th April,2010

Aims 21% reduction against 2020 BAU(8% higher than 2005 emission level)Expand green home/buidingsHigh-efficiency product incl. LED

Transform transportation system tolower emission

High-efficient process in industryPromote renewable & nuclear energy

industry

Aims 25% reduction against 2020 BAU(2005 emission level)Focuses on hybrid vehicles & CO2

collection with same strategies

suggested by Alt. 1

Aims 30% reduction against 2020 BAU(4% lowered from 2005 emission level) Focuses on electric vehicles and high-

efficient products with same strategiessuggested by Alt. 2

Reduction Scenarios

Carbon Reduction Goals

Unit: million tons

1990 2005

300

900

800

700

600

500

400

200

100

2020

Alt. 1 Alt. 2 Alt. 3

298

594

813642 590 569

8%-

8%

Alt. 1

Alt. 2

Alt. 3


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Urban Planning for

Low-Carbon Green GrowthII-1. Urban Planning Guidelines

II-2. Planning Cases

II


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Ministry of Land, Transportation and Maritime Affairs announced Urban PlanningGuidelines for Low-Carbon Green Growth.(July, 2009)

- Deals with standards, evaluation, predictions and countermeasures concerning theapplication of low-carbon green growth concepts to urban planning factors

Institutional / regulatory foundation to deal with climate change influences on urban planning

Overview of MLTMs Urban Planning Guidelines for Low-Carbon Green Growth

Reducing greenhouse gas by figuring out the current emission volumes

Evaluating energy efficiency of plans on the land use unit basis

Features : Time-Frame Target Measurability Feasibility

Urban Planning Guidelines for Low-Carbon Green Growth


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Energy Consumption

Consumed Approx. 1.6 M TOE in 2007 (approx. 9% of national consumption)

Home & commerce and transportation accounted for 86% (Represents the importanceof urban and transportation planning)

< Nation > < Seoul >

Seoul City

Home &Commerce Public Use

Transportation

Industry Use

Industry Use

Public Use

Home &Commerce

Transportation


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GHG Reduction Goals

Aims to reduce 40% in 2030 against 1990 emission level

1990 2015 2020 2030

(1,000 tons)

70,000

60,000

50,000

40,000

20,000

0

47,41650,120

40,304 35,562

52,750

28,450

Total Emission Reduction Goal

40%

Volume Reduced

9,816 17,188

30,000

10,000

59,275

30,825

Seoul City


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Strategies for Green Growth

Sustainable Seoulfor Green Growth

Urban Structure & Land use

Public Transportation orientedurban structure

Transit-oriented compactdevelopment

Easy Commuting

Pleasant living space

Wind paths

Green space expansion

Transportation

Facilitate public transportation Improve efficiency of vehicle

Reduce travel miles

Urban structure for walkers andbicycle riders

Commerce

Limit the areas of business use

Introduction of eco-friendlyconstruction

Introduction of IT (smart grid)

Energy

From fossil fuel to naturalenergy

Provides renewable energy

Collective energy consumption(District heating system)

Household

Heating energy circulation

Appropriate per capita areaof housing site

Eco-friendly construction

Transform lifestyle

Industry

Transform the structure

Transform the energy source

Foster new businesses

Maintain Vitality ofUrban Centers

Secure Mobility

Secure life quality &

freedom of residence

Secure productivitySecure Investment

Secure businessfunctionality

Seoul City


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KRIHSKRIHS

III Case Studies:Sosabeol District


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Ranges over Bijeon-dong, Jookbaek-dong and Dongsak-dong, Pyeong taek city,

Gyunggi-Do

Areas: approx. 3 million

Planned Population: 38,000

(13,312 households)

PojectPeriod: 2006.7 ~ 2011.12

Sosabeol District, Pyeongtaek


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Features

World largest urban planning practice for renewable energy : a CDRM registered project

Power generation (5% to total consumption) from renewable energy sources including solar heating,

ground thermal heating and fuel cells

Spatial clustering of waste processing facilities for efficient energy consumption

Expand use of ecologically green spaces and water circulation system


Buildings / Facilities Numbers Solar Light Solar Heat Geothermal Fuel Cell

HousingSingle housing 3,796 1,790 2,006 - -

Multi housing 3,415 3,415 - - -

Public

Facility

Schools 10,501 254 224 10,023 -

Gov. Buildings 19,720 622 483 18,615 -

Parks 175 175 - - -

InformationCenters

2,114 83 - - 2,031

Total Sum 39,721 6,339 2,713 28,638 2,031

Unit: MWH / Year per-year total generation up to 5.5% (4MWH) of total consumption


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Further Adoption of Eco System, Water Circulation System and Wind System


Green Space& Eco System

Expansion of green places Conservation, restoration,creation & enhancements

Water CirculationSystem

Secures water sources Maintain swampy places

Wind System

Wind paths through green places

Planting considering wind paths


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KRIHSKRIHS

Planning Directions for

Low-Carbon Green GrowthIV


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Concept of Low-Carbon Green City

Land Use

& Urban Structure

Ecosystem

& Green Space

Low-Carbon

Energy System

Green Transportation

Green Lifestyle

Complex land use

for low-carbon urban structure

Reducing Carbonthru greening buildings& expanding green space

Reducing Carbonbased on renewable energies& green home

Reducing CarbonThru u-bike & green car

Reducing Carbon

By circulating water & resources& building waterfront space Water Circulation

Reducing Carbon systemBased on movements on

green consumption & green start

Railway

Bus

Bicycle

Acess

Complex Use

Residential(High density)

Residential(Low density)

NeighborhoodSquare

DistrictSquare

Waterfront


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3E Urban Conflict to Green Energy Revolution


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Thank You

Documents

Low-Carbon Green Growth and Urban Planning Strategies in Korea