Los Alamos Smart Grid Demonstration Project … New Mexico Smart Grid Demonstration Project It is confirmed that PV-PCS Grid Voltage Stabilizer restrained voltage fluctuation in U.S

© Hitachi, Ltd. 2015. All rights reserved.

Energy Solutions Company, Hitachi, Ltd.

July 2015

Los Alamos Smart Grid Demonstration Project Overview and Energy Storage Solution


1. Hitachi’s Role in New Mexico Smart Grid Demonstration Project

2. Demonstration using Installed Systems

Contents

1

3. Energy Storage Solution

4. Conclusion


1-1. Hitachi’s Systems in the Demonstration Project

2 Source: Smart Community Los Alamos County

500kVA PV-PCS x 1 unit

Installation of Photovoltaic PCS

500kVA Batt-PCS x 2 units

Installation of Battery PCS

40ft container ×4 LL1500-W

Installation of Long Life Lead Acid Battery

Cells：768 cells Capacity : 2.3MWh Charge/Discharge rate: 0.2C/0.4C Expected Life: 17 years

Output：500kVA Efficiency: >96％

PCS:Power Conditioning System

Output：500kVA Efficiency: >96％


1-2. Arrangement of System Installation in Los Alamos Site

3

Creation of One Line Diagram for System Installation

Arrangement of Shipping

Creation of “Scope of Work”

Scope Of Work, NEDO NM Project L

Battery Site

No Category Item No(1 LineDiagram)

OriginalDesign

Made By1 Design & Drawing Single Line Diagram (total) NA

2 Single Line Diagram (individual) Primary (13.2kV) & Step-UpTransformer ①⑥ NA

3 b/w Step-Up Transformer for NaS &PCS for NaS ② NGK

4 b/w PCS for NaS & NaS Battery ③ NGK

5 b/w Step-Up Transformer for LeadAcid & PCS for Lead Acid ④ HTC

6 b/w PCS for Lead Acid & Lead AcidBattery ⑤ HTC

7 Workspace Broundary including Leveling NA8 Concrete Pad Layout (total) AS9 Concrete Pad Layout (individual) VISTA LAC10 (=Foundation) Step-Up Transformer for NaS S&C11 Step-Up Transformer for Lead Acid LAC12 NaS Battery S&C

Blue: Confirmed

*Pink: Need to Decide

Scope Of Work, NEDO NM Project L

Battery Site

No Category Item No(1 LineDiagram)

OriginalDesign

Made By1 Design & Drawing Single Line Diagram (total) NA

2 Single Line Diagram (individual) Primary (13.2kV) & Step-UpTransformer ①⑥ NA

3 b/w Step-Up Transformer for NaS &PCS for NaS ② NGK

4 b/w PCS for NaS & NaS Battery ③ NGK

5 b/w Step-Up Transformer for LeadAcid & PCS for Lead Acid ④ HTC

6 b/w PCS for Lead Acid & Lead AcidBattery ⑤ HTC

7 Workspace Broundary including Leveling NA8 Concrete Pad Layout (total) AS9 Concrete Pad Layout (individual) VISTA LAC10 (=Foundation) Step-Up Transformer for NaS S&C11 Step-Up Transformer for Lead Acid LAC12 NaS Battery S&C

Blue: Confirmed

*Pink: Need to Decide

Hitachi created Scope of Work for both U.S and Japanese portion

Hitachi arranged shipping of Japanese companies’ equipment

Hitachi created one line diagram for whole systems including U.S portion.

Arrangement of U.S approval diagram in Los Alamos site based on one line diagram.

Source: Smart Community Los Alamos County


1-3. Demonstration and Collective Research

4 Source: Smart Community Los Alamos County

500kVA PV-PCS x 1 unit 500kVA Batt-PCS x 2 units

40ft container ×4 LL1500-W

Demonstration using Installed Systems Demonstration of restraining voltage change caused by PV output fluctuation and reducing the system harmonics voltage distortion from PCS

Installation of Battery PCS Installation of Photovoltaic PCS

Installation of Long Life Lead Acid Battery

Collective Research based on the Actual Data Research and evaluate the correlation between energy storage system capacity and PV output fluctuation mitigation effect


2-1. Demonstration Objectives

5

Connecting large amount of distributed generators to power grid

Problem 1 The output of renewable depends on the weather condition and causes voltage change

Problem 2 The power grid quality decreases by the harmonics electric current from distributed generators

PV-PCS※ Grid Voltage Stabilizer PV-PCS Harmonic Current Suppressing

Demonstrate the effect of system functions in U.S power grid

※Battery-PCS has the same functions with PV-PCS. The demonstration was done by using PV-PCS to compare the result with the project in Japan that demonstrated the effect of PV-PCS.


2-2. PV-PCS Grid Voltage Stabilizer

6

Output optimal reactive power from PCS to suppress voltage fluctuation (Optimal Power Factor Operation) Auto tuning of the power factor to suppress the voltage fluctuation depend on the output power fluctuation.

Normal Operation

t

Auto Tuning Of Power Factor

Vs

Solar Radiation Change

Suppress the voltage fluctuation caused by solar radiation change

[Technology to realize the function] Estimate the grid condition from the PCS output power fluctuation (ΔP ) and the voltage fluctuation. And tune optimal PCS power factor automatically. [Power Factor Auto Tuning Function]

PCS Interconnection

Vs

Vo

Impedance R + j･X

Output P + j･Q

Output reactive power Q in proportion to active power P Vs = Vo + ｛P･R –(α･P )X｝/Vo

Auto tune parameter α

Q


2-3. PV-PCS Harmonic Current Suppressing

7

Connecting large amount of distributed generators to power grid

[Technology to realize the function] Control AC output current to become sine wave by high-speed current control. Detect harmonic voltage included in power grid voltage and suppress AC output current harmonics by adjusting inverter output voltage.

The power grid quality decreases by the harmonics electric current

from distributed generators

Suppress AC output current harmonics caused by power grid voltage harmonics

(Suppress harmonics below the guide line value)

© Hitachi, Ltd. 2015. All rights reserved. 8

■Demonstration Result of PV-PCS Grid Voltage Stabilizer

Demonstration Result

Active Power

Reactive Power Line Voltage

Tuning

PV-PCS Grid Voltage Stabilizer

Other PV-PCS (600kW total)

Watt Meter 1 ・Active Power ・Reactive Power ・Line Voltage (3 phases)

Data in PCS Watt Meter 2 ・DC voltage

Commercial grid (13.2kV) 6.4%@10MVA

Transformer 1500kVA (31.2kV/480V) %Z=5.75%

Amorphous Transformer 500kVA (480V/480V) %Z=3.39%

500kVA-PV-PCS

PV module

Time

Time

Act

ive

pow

er(k

W) /

R

eact

ive

Pow

er(k

Var)

AC V

olta

ge(V

)

ΔV/

ΔP

α

2-4. Result of PV-PCS Grid Voltage Stabilizer (1)


2-4. Result of PV-PCS Grid Voltage Stabilizer（２）

9

■Result

1. The effect of PV-PCS Grid Voltage Stabilizer was confirmed in U.S power grid 2. The voltage fluctuation caused by PV was mitigated to below 2% by PCS without having a bad influence


0.0%0.5%1.0%1.5%2.0%2.5%3.0%3.5%4.0%4.5%5.0%

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39

0.0%0.5%1.0%1.5%2.0%2.5%3.0%3.5%4.0%4.5%5.0%

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39

2-5. The Result of PV-PCS Harmonic Current Suppressing

10

Content rate of harmonic current and harmonic voltage when PCS is not in operation

Harmonic current 100%=601A

Current RMS 0.0A

Harmonic voltage 100%=480V

(voltage RMS 497.9V)

Rated capacity 500kVA Rated DC voltage 400V Rated AC voltage 480V Power factor over 0.95

Measured power - Measured DC voltage - Measured AC voltage 498V Measured Power factor -

Phase U Phase V Phase W

IEE-519 ISC/IL <20 Target

3 phases average


2-6. The Result of PV-PCS Harmonic Current Suppressing

11

Content rate of harmonic current and harmonic voltage when PCS is in operation

0.0%0.5%1.0%1.5%2.0%2.5%3.0%3.5%4.0%4.5%5.0%

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39

0.0%0.5%1.0%1.5%2.0%2.5%3.0%3.5%4.0%4.5%5.0%

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39

3 phases average

Rated capacity 500kVA Rated DC voltage 400V Rated AC voltage 480V Power factor over 0.95

Measured power 106kW Measured DC voltage 361V Measured AC voltage 498V Measured Power factor 0.965

Phase U Phase V Phase W

IEE-519 ISC/IL <20 Target

Harmonic current 100%=601A

Current RMS 127.6A

Harmonic voltage 100%=480V

(voltage RMS 497.9V)

Harmonic Voltage when PCS is not in operation = Harmonic Voltage when PCS is in operation ⇒ Harmonic suppressed (If harmonic is not suppressed, harmonic voltage when PCS is in operation is larger than harmonic voltage when PCS is not in operation)


3. Energy Storage Solution

12

PCS room

Power storage battery room

（PCS：Power Conditioning System）

Item Specifications

System output ±１ MW

PCS 500 kW × 2 units

Battery 450-kWh lithium ion battery

Standard PCS UL 1741

Expected life System: 15 years or longer Battery: 10 years or longer

Cooling system Air cooling

Size 40 ft-class container

"CrystEna" is a registered trademark of Hitachi, Ltd.

• High-speed-response Lithium Ion batteries are used to adjust the frequency. • All-in-one package including a battery, PCS, control device, and air-

conditioning facilities reduces the installation period and construction cost. • System capacity can be increased easily by increasing the number of

containers. • The control software and battery configuration can be changed to suit other

applications such as peak shift.

12 © Hitachi, Ltd. 2015. All rights reserved.


4. Conclusion

13

New Mexico Smart Grid Demonstration Project It is confirmed that PV-PCS Grid Voltage Stabilizer restrained voltage fluctuation in U.S power grid and PV-PCS Harmonic Current Suppressing suppressed harmonics in power grid harmonics in power grid Hitachi’s Energy Storage Solution Hitachi has developed “1MW Lithium-Ion all-in-one Package Energy Storage System” for frequency regulation market and will try to promote in the world.

Hitachi seeks to maximize the capabilities of the technologies required to ensure stable electric power systems based on the experience of New Mexico Smart Grid Demonstration Project


Los Alamos Smart Grid Demonstration Project Overview and Energy Storage Solution

July 2015

END

Energy Solutions Company, Hitachi, Ltd.

14

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Los Alamos Smart Grid Demonstration Project … New Mexico Smart Grid Demonstration Project It is confirmed that PV-PCS Grid Voltage Stabilizer restrained voltage fluctuation in U.S