Los adjetivos posesivos en inglés son: my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their. Hacen referencia a quien posee y no a lo poseído. En general preceden a sustantivos. Aquí encontrarás ejemplos traducidos al español.

my (mái) - mi, mis your (iór) - tu, tus / su, sus (de usted) his (jis) - su, sus (de él) her (jer) - su, sus (de ella) its (its) - su, sus (de algo) our (áuar) - nuestro/a/os/as your (iór) - su, sus (de ustedes/vosotros) their (dér) - su, sus (de ellos/as)

my (mái) - mi, mis

I am a teacher. I like my job. Soy profesor. Me gusta mi trabajo.

I live with my girlfriend in New York. Vivo con mi novia en Nueva York.

On Sundays I play tennis with my friends. Los domingos juego al tenis con mis amigos.

your (iór) - tu, tus / su, sus (de usted)

What is your name? ¿Cuál es tu nombre?

Do you like your job? ¿Te gusta tu trabajo?

You work here, and your wife works here too. Tú trabajas aquí y tu esposa trabaja aquí también.

Can you give me your opinion about this? ¿Puedes darme tu opinión acerca de ésto?

his (jis) - su, sus (de él)

Bill washes his car every day. Bill lava su auto todos los días.

Jack lives here, with his parents. Jack vive aquí, con sus padres.

He is painting his house. El está pintando su casa.

He wants to sell his car. El quiere vender su auto.

her (jer) - su, sus (de ella)

Mary went to her English class yesterday. Mary fue a su clase de inglés ayer.

She is sad because her teachers are very strict. Ella está triste porque sus maestros son muy estrictos.

Sarah is married. Her husband works with me. Sarah está casada. Su esposo trabaja conmigo.

Diana still lives with her parents. Diana todavía vive con sus padres.

its (its) - su, sus (de algo)

This car has a hole in its roof. Este auto tiene un agujero en su techo.

We are studying Japan and its culture. Estamos estudiando al Japón y su cultura.

New York is famous for its exciting nightlife. Nueva York es famosa por su excitante vida nocturna.

The government announced its goals for this year. El gobierno anunció sus metas para este año.

our (áuar) - nuestro/a/os/as

The Earth is our planet. La Tierra es nuestro planeta.

We cook our own meals. Cocinamos nuestras propias comidas.

We don't want to spend all our money. No queremos gastar todo nuestro dinero.

We live with our parents. Vivimos con nuestros padres.

your (iór) - su, sus (de ustedes/vosotros)

You all love your country. Todos ustedes aman a su país.

You all have to make your own decisions. Ustedes tienen que tomar sus propias decisiones.

I want to thank you all for your help. Quiero agradecerles a todos ustedes por su ayuda.

You are my parents and I am your son. Ustedes son mis padres y yo soy su hijo.

their (dér) - su, sus (de ellos/as)

Our neighbors are painting their house. Nuestros vecinos están pintando su casa.

Grandparents usually love their grandchildren. Los abuelos generalmente aman a sus nietos.

I saw Sally and John with their children. Ví a Sally y John con sus hijos.

Most Americans love their cars. La mayoría de los norteamericanos aman a sus autos.

Nota de Aaron: Los canadensis son norteamericanos tambien, y tienen una cultura muy diferente que Estados Unidos. Entonces, este es un titilo que no nos gustan mucho! WE ARE AMERICANS, NOT CANADIANS! En subtitilos para peliculas, “estadounadense” es mejor, pero en Estados Unidos, nos llamos “Americans” – entonces, es mejor en Ingles decir “American” or “Canadian.” También, un canadiense que se llama un americano será a menudo insultado mucho, al igual que se enorgullecen de su identidad nacional! THEY ARE CANADIANS, NOT AMERICANS!

El verbo 'Can' pertenece a los verbos modales y se ubica antes del verbo principal en infinitivo. Significa 'poder'. Se utiliza para expresar habilidad, permiso.

I can - puedo

Affirmative

I am able to play the trumpet. Yo puedo/sé tocar la trompeta.

We can take a taxi to the airport. Podemos tomar un taxi hasta el aeropuerto.

Mary can be very stubborn sometimes. Mary puede ser muy terca a veces.

You can sit here if you like. Puedes sentarte aquí si quieres.

It can take longer than we thought. (Esto) Puede tardar más de lo que pensábamos.

Nobody can understand that. Nadie puede entender eso.

Your decision can change our lives. Tu decisión puede cambiarnos la vida.

Negative

I don’t know/cannot not swim. No puedo/sé nadar.

That cannot be true. Eso no puede ser cierto.

You can't tell me what to do. No puedes decirme qué hacer

Interrogative

Can Peter speak German? ¿Puede/sabe Peter hablar alemán?

Can you help me with my homework? ¿Me puedes ayudar con mi tarea?

The verb “can” does not really exist as a proper English infinitive. Usually, we translate it as the phrasal verb “to be able”, although this sometimes better translated as “sé”, saber, which in English is “to know.” Below, some are translated as “know” and others as “know”

However, there is another meaning for “to can”, which is “enlatar.” For example:

My grandmother liked to can apricots every summer. I was able to help her to earn some extra money

Mi abuelo le gustaba enlatar albaricoquero cada veranos. Podia ayudarle para ganar dinero

Can + have

Paul can have the leftover pizza. Paul puede tener la sobras pizza .

They can't have left without us. Ellos no pueden haberse ido sin nosotros.

Jane can't have said that. Jane no puede haber dicho eso.

Can have is used in English only as the tener meaning, not the haber auxiliary verb. We use could instead of can normally, although it is possible to use cannot and can’t in a negative sense,, typically to denote sarcasm or surprise.

El verbo 'Could' Expresa poca probabilidad o condicionalidad. Significa: podría, pude, podía, pudiera de acuerdo con el contexto: I could dance if I could practice.

I could - podría / pude / podía / pudiera

Affirmative

You could be wrong. Podrías estar equivocado.

They could manage without us. Ellos pudieron/podrían arreglárselas sin nosotros.

I could help Ann if she only let me. Yo podría ayudar a Ann si tan solo me dejara.

This new plan could be very risky. Este nuevo plan podría ser muy riesgoso.

The news could kill Mr. Taylor. La noticia podría matarlo al señor Taylor.

Anybody could be chosen for the job. Cualquiera podría ser elegido para el trabajo.

I could go back and bring Kate with me. Yo podría/pude volver y traer a Kate conmigo.

Negative

I couldn't see very clearly. Yo no pude/podría ver muy claramente.

Mrs. Jones couldn't stand the smell. La señora Jones no pudo/podría soportar el olor.

We couldn't leave you alone. No podríamos dejarte solo.

Interrogative (Could is more polite than can in asking questions. It is like saying “podria” to a waiter(mesero))

Could you open the window? ¿Pudiste/podrías abrir la ventana?

Could they escape? ¿Pudieron/podrían escapar?

Could + have

You could have told me you weren't at home! ¡Podrías haberme dicho que no estabas en casa!

It could have been worse. Pudo/podría haber sido peor.

John couldn't have done that. John no pudo/podría haber hecho eso.

Verbos irregulares del inglés con caricaturas y ejemplos. En esta página: abide, arise, awake, bear, beat, become, begin, bend, bet, bid.

to abide to arise to awake to bear to beat

to become to begin to bend to bet to bid

Present Past P. Participle Traducción

abide (abáid)

abode (abóud)

abiden (abíden) sufrir, soportar, cumplir

arise (aráis)

arose (aróus)

arisen (arísen) levantarse, surgir

awake (awéik)

awoke (awóuk)

awoken (awóuken) despertarse, despertar

bear (béar)

bore (bor)

born (born)

aguantar, soportar, parir

beat (bíit)

beat (bíit)

beaten (bíiten)

golpear, derrotar, batir

become (bikám)

became (bikéim)

become (bikám)

convertirse en, llegar a ser, volverse, ponerse

begin (biguín)

began (bigáan)

begun (bigán)

empezar

bend (bend)

bent (bent)

bent (bent)

doblar, torcer, inclinarse

bet (bet)

bet (bet)

bet (bet) apostar

bid (bid)

bid (bid)

bid (bid) ofrecer, pujar, licitar

Present:

abide (abáid)

Past: abode (abóud)

Past Participle: abiden (abíden)

Translation: sufrir, soportar, cumplir

I cannot abide her constant unpunctuality. No puedo soportar su constante impuntualidad.

The employees must abide by the rules of the company. Los empleados deben cumplir con las reglas de la compañía.

Bill always abides by his promises. Bill siempre cumple con sus promesas.

Present:

arise (aráis)

Past: arose (aróus)

Past Participle: arisen (arísen)

Translation: levantarse, surgir

Problems always arise during such protests for human rights. Siempre surgen problemas durante tales protestas por derechos humanos.

Disputes arose over who would be the first to speak. Surgieron disputas sobre quién sería primero en hablar.

Many questions have arisen recently over the origin of life. Muchas preguntas han surgido recientemente sobre el origen de la vida.

Present:

awake (awéik)

Past: awoke (awóuk)

Past Participle: awoken (awóuken)

Translation: despertarse, despertar

Mary will awake in an hour because she has to go to work. Mary despertará en una hora porque tiene que ir a trabajar.

I awoke in the middle of the night when I heard that noise. Desperté en medio de la noche cuando oí aquel ruido.

The patient has awoken from a two-week coma. El paciente ha despertado de un coma de dos semanas.

Present:

bear (ber)

Past: bore (bor)

Past Participle: born (born)

Translation: aguantar, soportar, parir

I cannot bear her bad manners anymore. No puedo aguantar más sus malos modales.

The child bore the pain without complaint while the doctor cured the injuries on his arm. El niño soportó el dolor sin ninguna queja mientras el doctor curó las heridas de su brazo.

The actor was born in a small village in Argentina. El actor nació (fue parido) en un pequeño pueblo en Argentina.

Present:

beat (bíit)

Past: beat (bíit)

Past Participle: beaten (bíiten)

Translation: golpear, derrotar, batir

My neighbor beats his wife every night. He should be arrested. Mi vecino golpea a su esposa todas las noches. El debería ser arrestado.

Do you think you can beat Jack at chess?

¿Piensas que puedes vencer a Jack en el ajedrez?

My team has been beaten four times already. Mi equipo ya ha sido derrotado cuatro veces.

Present:

become (bikám)

Past: became (bikéim)

Past Participle: become (bikám)

Translation: convertirse en, llegar a ser, volverse, ponerse

My son wants to become a doctor when he grows up. Mi hijo quiere llegar a ser un doctor cuando él crezca.

Bill won the lottery and became rich overnight. Bill ganó la lotería y se hizo rico de la noche a la mañana.

Obesity has become a problem in the United States. La obesidad se ha vuelto un problema en los Estados Unidos.

Present:

begin (biguín)

Past: began (bigáan)

Past Participle: begun (bigán)

Translation: empezar

The alphabet begins with the letter “a”. El alfabeto comienza con la letra “a”.

It began to rain just as we were going out. Comenzó a llover justo cuando estábamos saliendo.

They had begun to work when the bell rang. Ellos habían comenzado a trabajar cuando sonó la campana.

Present:

bend (bend)

Past: bent (bent)

Past Participle: bent (bent)

Translation: doblar, torcer, inclinarse

The river bends beyond that tree. El río hace una curva más allá de aquel árbol.

The doctor bent over to examine the patient. El doctor se inclinó para examinar al paciente.

Be careful! You have bent my glasses. ¡Tenga cuidado! Usted ha torcido mis gafas.

Present:

bet (bet)

Past: bet (bet)

Past Participle: bet (bet)

Translation: apostar

It is possible to bet on almost anything nowadays. Es posible apostar a casi cualquier cosa hoy día.

Mary bet a lot of money on that horse that came in last. Mary postó mucho dinero en ese caballo que llegó último.

John has bet ten dollars that he can beat me in a tennis match. John ha apostado diez dólares a que él puede vencerme en un partido de tenis.

Present:

bid (bid)

Past: bid (bid)

Past Participle: bid (bid)

Translation: ofrecer, pujar, licitar

The English company will be bidding for the oil contract. La compañía inglesa estará haciendo una oferta por el contrato del petróleo.

At the auction, James bid $5,000 for the painting.

En la subasta, James ofreció 5,000 dólares por la pintura.

Bill has bid the highest price for the book at the auction so far. Bill ha ofrecido el precio más alto por el libro en la subasta hasta ahora.

El tiempo Present Perfect responde a la pregunta: What has happened? = ¿Qué ha pasado? o What has been happening? = ¿Qué ha estado pasando?. Se forma: Sujeto + have/has + verbo en participio (I have worked). Sujeto + have/has + been + verbo en progresivo (I have been working).

1. Present I work I am working

2. Present perfect I have worked I have been working

3. Past I worked I was working

4. Past perfect I had worked I had been working

5. Future I will work I will be working

6. Future perfect I will have worked I will have been working

7. Future (going to) I am going to work I am going to be working

8. Future perfect (going to) I am going to have worked I am going to have been working

9. Future in past I was going to work I was going to be working

10. Future perfect in past I was going to have worked I was going to have been working

11. Conditional I would work I would be working

12. Conditional perfect I would have worked I would have been working

13. Modals I (can, could, ...) work I (can, could, ...) be working

14. Modals + have I (can, could, ...) have worked I (can, could, ...) have been working

15. Imperative Work! Let's work!

Simple Tenses - Continuous Tenses

Present Perfect What has happened? - ¿Qué ha pasado? I have worked - He trabajado

I have just prepared some coffee, would you like some?

¿Quieres un poco de café? Recién lo he preparado.

My brother has had that old car for a long time. Mi hermano ha tenido ese coche viejo por un largo tiempo.

Mr. Miller has lived in that house since 1995. El Sr. Miller ha vivido en aquella casa desde 1995.

Daisy and her brother have taken English lessons for five years. Daisy y su hermano han tomado clases de inglés durante cinco años.

Mrs. Taylor has already finished her work. La Sra. Taylor ya ha terminado su trabajo.

Dave has not seen Sabrina lately. Dave no ha visto a Sabrina recientemente.

Paul and Betty have not visited Jamaica yet. Paul y Betty no han visitado Jamaica todavía.

Have you ever seen a UFO? ¿Has visto un OVNI alguna vez?

Has Tom already left? ¿Tom ya se ha ido?

Present Perfect Continuous What has been happening? - ¿Qué ha estado pasando? I have been working - He estado trabajando

We have been waiting for Stephen for over an hour.

Hemos estado esperando a Stephen durante más de una hora. My daughter has been feeling very tired lately.

Mi hija se ha estado sintiendo muy cansada últimamente. Mrs. Sloane's kids have been studying for a final exam today.

Hoy los hijos de la Sra. Sloane han estado estudiando para el examen final. George has not been coming to school recently.

George no ha estado viniendo a la escuela últimamente. You look dirty. What have you been doing?

Te ves sucio. ¿Qué has estado haciendo?

Be careful in translating too literally. In the case of “have been”, which is used often in English, in Spanish it is often translated without the estado after haber. The same meaning can usually be conveyed with just the perfect version of the second verb.

We have been waiting for you guys for hours!

¡Hemos esperado para ustedes por horas! O ¡Hemos estado esperando para ustedes por horas!

TRY TO THINK IN ENGLISH! THE PERFECT TENSE “HAVE BEEN” is VERY COMMON!

Present Present Perfect

I am a student Soy un estudiante I am studying Estoy estudiando

I have been a student He sido un estudiante I have been studying He estado estudiando

Past Past Perfect

I was a student Fui/era un estudiante I was studying Estuve/estaba estudiando

I had been a student Había sido un estudiante I had been studying Había estado estudiando

Future Future Perfect

I will be a student Seré un estudiante I will be studying Estaré estudiando

I will have been a student Habré sido un estudiante I will have been studying Habré estado estudiando

Conditional Conditional Perfect

I would be a student Sería un estudiante I would be studying Estaría estudiando

I would have been a student Habría sido un estudiante I would have been studying Habría estado estudiando

Forma Afirmativa Forma Negativa Forma Interrogativa

I am (I'm) I am not (I'm not) am I?

soy, estoy no soy, no estoy ¿soy yo?, ¿estoy yo?

you are (you're) you are not (you're not) are you?

eres, estás no eres, no estás ¿eres tú?, ¿estás tú?

he is (he's) he is not (he's not) is he?

él es, está él no es, no está ¿es él?, ¿está él?

we are (we're) we are not (we're not) are we?

somos, estamos no somos, no estamos ¿somos?, ¿estamos?

you are (you're) you are not (you're not) are you?

sois, estáis no sois, no estáis ¿sois?, ¿estáis?

they are (they're) they are not (they're not) are they?

ellos son, están ellos no son, no están ¿son, están ellos?

Forma Afirmativa Forma Negativa Forma Interrogativa

I was I was not (I wasn't) was I?

fui, era, estuve, estaba

no fui, no era, no estuve, no estaba

¿fui?, ¿era? ¿estuve?, ¿estaba?

you were you were not (you weren't) were you?

fuiste, eras, estuviste, estabas

no fuiste, no eras, no estuviste, no estabas

¿fuiste?, ¿eras? ¿estuviste?, ¿estabas?

he was he was not (he wasn't) was he?

fue, era, estuvo, estaba

no fue, no era, no estuvo, no estaba

¿fue?, ¿era? ¿estuvo?. ¿estaba?

we were we were not (we weren't) were we?

fuimos, éramos, estuvimos, estábamos

no fuimos, no éramos, no estuvimos, no estábamos

¿fuimos?, ¿éramos? ¿estuvimos?, ¿estábamos?

you were you were not (you weren't) were you?

fuisteis, erais, estuvisteis, estabais

no fuisteis, no erais, no estuvisteis, no estabais

¿fuisteis?, ¿erais?, ¿estuvisteis?, ¿estabais?

they were they were not (they weren't) were they?

fueron, eran estuvieron, estaban

no fueron, no eran, no estuvieron, no estaban

¿fueron?, ¿eran? ¿estuvieron?, ¿estaban?

Vista Completa - Forma Afirmativa Present Present Perfect

I am - soy/estoy you are - eres/estás he is we are

I have been - he sido/estado you have been - has sido/estado he has been we have been

you are they are

you have been they have been

Past Past Perfect

I was - fui/era/estuve/estaba you were he was we were you were they were

I had been - había sido/estado you had been he had been we had been you had been they had been

Future Future Perfect

I will be - seré/estaré you will be he will be we will be you will be they will be

I will have been - habré sido/estado you will have been he will have been we will have been you will have been they will have been

Conditional Conditional Perfect

I would be - sería/estaría you would be he would be we would be you would be they would be

I would have been - habría sido/estado you would have been he would have been we would have been you would have been they would have been

Vista Completa - Forma Negativa Present Present Perfect

I am not you are not he is not we are not you are not they are not

I have not been you have not been he has not been we have not been you have not been they have not been

Past Past Perfect

I was not you were not he was not

I had not been you had not been he had not been

we were not you were not they were not

we had not been you had not been they had not been

Future Future Perfect

I will not be you will not be he will not be we will not be you will not be they will not be

I will not have been you will not have been he will not have been we will not have been you will not have been they will not have been

Conditional Conditional Perfect

I would not be you would not be he would not be we would not be you would not be they would not be

I would not have been you would not have been he would not have been we would not have been you would not have been they would not have been

Vista Completa - Forma Interrogativa Present Present Perfect

am I? are you? is he? are we? are you? are they?

have I been? have you been? has he been? have we been? have you been? have they been?

Past Past Perfect

was I? were you? was he? were we? were you? were they?

had I been? had you been? had he been? had we been? had you been? had they been?

Future Future Perfect

will I be? will you be?

will I have been? will you have been?

will he be? will we be? will you be? will they be?

will he have been? will we have been? will you have been? will they have been?

Conditional Conditional Perfect

would I be? would you be? would he be? would we be? would you be? would they be?

would I have been? would you have been? would he have been? would we have been? would you have been? would they have been?