LORETA Z SCORE BIOFEEDBACK CONFERENCE

Cancun – Mexico

May 2012

History, Principles and Future Perspectives

ANI

1994 – Concept2003 – 1st DLL2006 – 1st distribution2009 – SCL-(linkage)2010 - LORETA Zs

BMr2006

TT2006

Deymed2007

Mind Media2008

Neurofield2011

Neuroguide2009

Z Score EEG Biofeedback – History and Future Plans

OthersNeruonspecMitsarANIOthers

1 to 19channels

1 to 19channels

1 – 4 channels

1 – 4 channels

1 – 19& LORETAZ Score NFB

X

X

Sine

Cos

LPF

LPF

X

X

Sine

Cos

LPF

LPF

2

1

2

1iba ++++

2

2

2

2iba ++++

Instantaneous Power

InstantaneousCoherence

&Phase Difference

Complex Demodulation

AmplifierA/D

ConvComputer

Variable &Threshold

Video &SoundControl

Display-Sound

AmplifierA/D

ConvComputer

Variable &Threshold

Video &SoundControl

Display-Sound

Standard EEG

Neurofeedback

Real-Time or “Live”

Z Score Neurofeedback

Z Score‘DLL’

Difference Between Standard Neurofeedback vs Z Score Neurofeedback

Feedback

Feedback

Raw or Processed EEG valuesThreshold is ‘Unknown’

Move Z toward 0

1- Metric, i.e., a ‘Z’ Score2- Threshold toward ‘0’3- Instantaneous Comparison

to a normative database

1- Apples & Organges2- Arbitrary Threshold3- No reference to Guide NF

0

80

40

20

60

1960 2000

Conventional Non-QEEG Guided NF

QEEG Guided NF

Link Symptoms to

Functional Systems in Brain

Better Clinical Outcome & Fewer Sessions

Future

EE

G &

Ad

here

nce o

f O

pera

nt

Co

nd

itio

nin

g R

ule

s

Fox & RudelllRosenfeld & FoxRudel & FoxSterman

Wyrwicka

Kamia

Othmer

1920 1940 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 20201900

Thorndyke Skinner KnoxJasper

QEEGZ ScoreNorms1994

LiveZ Scores2006

LORETAZ ScoreNFB

Dark Ages Grey Ages

Renaissance Age

Principles1- Specificity of EEG Event (E) = Neural State Interval (I)

2- Contiguity Window ( C) = Time period preceding and following a E

3- Contingency of Reward Signal (S) = Feedback signal time locked to E

4- Reward Strength ( R) = Value of the reward if N successes occur in an interval of time, e.g., toys, candy,

cookies, money, etc.

Ordinal or Nominal measureReward Strength (R)

Feedback signal time locked to E

(msec)

Contingency of Reward Signal (S)

Time preceding/following E (msec –

sec)

Contiguity Window (C)

Z Scores and Brodmann areas linked

to symptomsSpecificity of EEG Event (E)

Principles of EEG Operant Conditioning and Z Score Biofeedback

Category Measurement

Clin

ical

Ou

tco

me

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 450

LORETA Z Score *Single Session Capability

Medication

Standard Surface

NFB2-4 Channel

Z Score NF

Number of Sessions

Increased Specificity = Improved Clinical Outcome with Fewer Sessions

* Combine with Neurofield in

cases to reset or “unstick” the brain

Consciousness vs Anesthesia Unconsciousness

Wake State & LORETA Coherence

Sleep & LORETA Coherence