Lorentz Brochure Namibia Usd En

7/30/2019 Lorentz Brochure Namibia Usd En

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S W Ppsin Nibi

A Comparson Between

Soar And Dese

August 2008


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INtroductIoN

S pps n n sip -

ni -bnin nins and generators

or domestc water, vestock and rrgaton. They are

most eectve durng dry and sunny seasons. They re-

qure no ue deveres, and very tte mantenance.

Soar pumps are powered by photovotac (soar-

eectrc) panes and the ow rate s determned by

the ntensty o the sunght.

S pns h n in ps, and most

have a warranty o at east 20 years. Most soar

pumps operate wthout the use o storage batteres.

A water tank provdes a smpe, economca means

o storage. Soar pumps must be optmay seected

or the task at hand, n order to mnmze the power

requred, and thus the cost o the system.

A wde varety o soar pumps s avaabe, to

meet a wde varety o needs. The purpose o ths

booket s to norm Nambas armers about the

economc merts o soar water pumpng tech-

nooges as a repacement or dese water pumps.

Aganst rapdy ncreasng dese ue prces, voate

vestock and crop markets and mountng threats to

mantan agrcutura productvty - can any armer

serousy aord not to consder soar water pump-ng?

Ths brochure ams at provdng the basc norma-

ton to decde whether a soar pump s sutabe or

your arm and whether t can economcay repace

a pump powered by a dese engne or a wnd m.


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BreakeveN PerIod

25,000

75,000

US$

50,000

years 0 4 8 12 16 20

dph Fw

t 5 1.3 7 1.8 10 2.6 12 3.2 15 4.0 20 5.3 3/y 1,000 US-Ga./day

10 33 0 0 0 1 2 4

20 65 0 0 1 2 5 8

30 100 0 0 3 5 7 11

40 130 0 2 6 8 11 15

50 165 1 4 8 11 14 20

60 195 2 6 11 15 20 -

80 260 4 9 15 19 - -

100 315 7 14 - - - -

120 370 8 16 - - - -

150 470 12 - - - - -

* Fgures cacuated or a lORENTZ heca rotor pump at retaprces (ncudng VAT) as o January 2008 and at a dese ue cost

o US$ 1.30 per tre (US$ 4.90 per Gaon). Dese pump oper-

ates or 5 hours each day.

** 0 ndcates that the purchase cost o the soar pump s

aready ess than the cost o the dese pump. There s thus nobreakeven pont, because the soar pump aready starts rom a

wnnng poston rom when t s put nto operaton.

*** Banc ces are areas where arger centruga pumps or mu-

tpe HR pumps are recommended.

BreakeveN PoINt iN MONTHS

F 50 li, 20,000 lis Fw

S pps hp hn

is pps hi ii,

but nta costs are usuay hgher. A-

ter how much tme o operaton w a

soar pump be cheaper than a dese

pump? 5 years? Even onger? The mo-

ment when the costs o a soar pump

and a dese pump or pumpng a

gven quantty o water every day arethe same s known as the breakeven

pont. The breakeven pont depends

on pumpng heght and day water

pumped.

The ph bustrates the breakeven ponts or a specfc

pumpng confguratons. Gven that the breakeven pont var-

es, the b bw s useu or determnng the breakeven

pont* or derent pumpng specfcatons.

lIFe cYcle coSt over 20 YearS iN US$

Dese

Soar

**

***


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tHe Future oF dIeSel

The Namba Agrcutura Unon estmates that de-

se water pumpng, together wth ck and nterest

rates, contrbute 35 to 40% o operatona expens-

es o a arm. Naturay, as dese ue prces ncrease,

so do overheads.

Hw sb is h is pi?We, reectng

on hstorca o prce data shows a steep upward

trend. Durng the past 10 years dese prces havencreased by 20% n average. in 1999 a tre o de-

se cost US$ 0.25. By 2008 prces are as hgh as

US$ 1.30 per tre (US$ 4.90 per Gaon).

Experts say: Countres ke Chna and inda, home

o about 50% o the words popuaton, are deve-

opng ther ndustres and grow at ast pace. Ths s

causng a addtona demand or o and w keep

prces hgh or even ncreasng n uture. it s expect-

ed that peak o producton w be reached around

2007-2010. Aterwards ess and ess o w be

avaabe to refne, no matter where drers ook.

Unke n the past, major word o reserves are not

n the hands o bg o companes anymore, but n

the hands o countres and governments. That turnso nto a potca commodty, wth a growng rsk

that o suppy s used as potca weapon. Ths

makes the o prce even ess predctabe.

th pi is wi is n in -

i. S pps h nsw.

NamIBIa dIeSel PrIce

US$/tre and [US$/US-Ga.], Wndhoek, 1989 to May 2008

1.25[5.00]

1.50

1.00[4.00]

0.75[3.00]

0.50[2.00]

0.25 [1.00]

1989 1993 1997 2001 2005 2007


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PumP tYPeS

There s a arge varety o soar water pump types n

the market. The most common types o mechansms

are

heca rotor (mono)

centruga

pston or daphragm

The most smpe and robust pump ends are then hi yp pps wth ony

one turnng part: a rotor turnng n a rubber stator.

They are a good choce or day ows o 6 to 20m

or medum to hgh ts (50 to 150m).

cni pps are very economca or sha-

ow to medum ts (up to 80m) wth arge ow

rates.

Pisn iph pps are much more

compex wth a ot o movng parts. Usuay they

requre o ubrcaton nsde the pump whch mght

be a potenta rsk n a water we. Typcay theyare used n ow votage (24-48V) appcatons wth

sma day ows (up to 5m/day) or ts up to

150m (max. 2m/day).

centruga type pumps

pp

heca rotor

drve shat

non-return vave


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SuBmerSIBle Solar PumP

The pump s mounted on a submersbe motor and

s submerged beow the water eve n the borehoe.

Eectrcty s provded by a soar pane array nstaed

wthn a cose dstance rom the borehoe.

Attached to the submersed pump unt are a pastc

water ppe made o PE, an eectrc cabe, an eectrc

water sensor and a saety rope. Sod stee water

ppes are not requred. As a resut, nstaaton andextracton o the pump unt s smpe and ast.

The pumps operatons are reguated by an eec-

tronc controer, whch ntates startng and stop-

png, and montors the water eve.

For the lORENTZ pump the controer s nstaed

above ground, whe or the Grundos pump the

controer s ntegrated wth the pump unt and thus

n the we ocated beow the water eve.

Soar pumps can be owered down

to depth o up to 50m wthn mnutes,

deeper nstaatons can be made wth a trpod


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WINdPumPS vS. Solar PumPINg

Wnd pumps are the poneerng technoogy o wa-

ter pumpng. in the 1990s there were an estmated

30,000 wnd pumps nstaed n Namba. The tech-

noogy has a we deveoped servce nrastructure.

Wnd pumps have a smar e span as soar pumps

and are abe to dever water rom depths o about

120m. Day ows rom depth greater than 50m are

typcay consderaby ess then 10m per day.

Athough ony basc technca sks are requred,

wnd pumps are work-ntensve to mantan. Typ-

cay a mantenance takes three days. One day

aone s needed to pu the pump up and take t

apart n order to know whch type o cynder s

used. The varety s very arge, so spare parts can-

not be ordered n advance. A second day s needed

to get the spares, a thrd to reassembe the pump.

Mantenance o the rotor, e.g. exchange o bades,

and o the gearbox s a dangerous job, as you have

to cmb and work on a 15m hgh tower.

Aganst that, a soar pump s easy and ast to man-

tan. it can be pued up n 30 mnutes. A spare

pump end or motor s repaced n 15 mnutes. 20

mnutes ater you have owered the pump back nto

the we and get t started agan.

Soar pumps are ess expensve than wndms, are

easer to nsta, and provde a more consstent sup-

py o water. Ths s especay true n areas wherewnd may be seasona and nconsstent.

a s pp ps is hihs

w whn w is n h s -

whn h wh is snny n h!

A transormed wndm

nstaaton wth

soar repacement pump


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FINaNcINg a Solar PumP

Whether you wsh to purchase a snge pump, or

repace a o your dese pumps n one determned

swoop, the queston o how to fnance such a

purchase s crtca. The oowng nsttutons are

geared towards provdng oans or soar water

pumps:

B y pph fnni insiin y hi:

knw y bh spifins You

need to know the water eve and day pump-

ng voume or each borehoe you want to

convert n order to obtan quotatons rom the

suppers.

H h wih s sppis Arrange

an appontment wth derent suppers. Take

your tme when consutng wth them. Dscuss

genera water and soar ssues as we. Ask

about warrantes and ater-saes servce and

negotate or the best prce. Obtan a wrttenquotaton when satsfed.

cns wih fnni insiins Wth

your quotaton at hand contact the fnanca

nsttutons and request a oan. Compare oan

crtera and negotate or better condtons.

Compete the oan appcaton orm when sat-

sfed.


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Solar INStallatIoN

Tota cost o soar nstaaton US$ 6,875*

interest rate 10% per annum

Depost 10%

loan amount US$ 6,187.50

loan duraton 5 years

mnhy pyn b uS$ 130

th is sins n, ins

- n iiy, sfin h n pyn. an ins pi

n ns is x ib y in

sn.

dIeSel INStallatIoN

Dese ue consumpton 0.8 tres per hour

Duraton o pumpng 5 hours per day, every day

Dese consumpton 120 tres per month

Dese prce US$ 1.30 per tre

US$ 4.90 per US-Ga.

dis s p nh b uS$ 156

WHat aBout caSH FloW?

Securng a oan mght be smpe enough, but a oan

must be repad. is the cash savng on dese ue

sufcent or repayng the oan or the soar pump?

The cacuaton beow compares ony the actua

cash expendture or dese ue.

The cacuaton presented here does Not consder:

purchasng the dese pump

coectng and transportng the dese rom the

nearest depot

traveng on arm roads to the borehoe

wear and tear on your pck-up

tme spent

* Cacuated or a lORENTZ PS seres pump at reta prces (n-

cudng 15% VAT) as o January 2008 or a pumpng head o

50m and day pumpng voume o 10,000 tres.


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Solar trackINg For Solar Water PumPS

A soar tracker s a PV rack that rotates on an

axs to ace the sun as t crosses the sky. it s we

known that soar trackng w ncrease energy yed

by 25-50%. For soar pumpng, trackng oers even

greater gans and benefts that can greaty reduce

system cost.

opi yi in h p win

ssn Trackng oers more water out o smaer,ess expensve system by ncreasng perormance

when the most water s needed - durng ong sunny

days o the growng season. Ths s most appropr-

ate or agrcutura and seasona summer uses.

Pnin pp sin Many soar pumps

experence a dsproportonate drop n perormance

when the sun s at a ow ange (eary mornng and

ate aternoon). When the PV array output s ess

than 50%, a centruga pump may produce nsu-

fcent centruga orce to acheve the requred t.

By causng the pump to run at u speed through a

whoe sunny day, trackng can oten douBle theday water yed.

mornng noon evenng

W isibin Pv-i iiin So-

ar rrgaton can be practca wthout storage devce,

n some stuatons. The so tse stores water dur-

ng coudy days! But sun-trackng may be necessary

to acheve unorm water dstrbuton. When water

ow s reduced, a sprnker just makes a pudde. A

trench or drp ne eeds ony the frst ew pants,

or the owest ones. A trackng array mnmzes the

perods o reduced ow. it makes soar-drect waterdstrbuton an opton or dry sunny regons.

expiin h sin pss The trackng

decson as a handy varabe n the desgn proc-

ess. Oten you fnd a system that produces a tte

bt ess than s needed, but the next arger system

costs much more. A tracker s a ow-cost means to

ncrease the yed o the smaer system.

Whn n s Trackng s east eec-

tve durng shorter wnter days and coudy weather.

i the need or water s constant durng the year

or greatest n the wnter, or the cmate s verycoudy, then t may be more economca to desgn

the system wth more soar watts and no tracker.


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tHeFt PreveNtIoN For Solar PaNelS

Eectve thet protecton: Pane and tracker

enced n and protected by barbed wre

The thet o soar PV panes s oten cted as a rea-

son or armers beng reuctant to nvest n ths

technoogy. Here are some suggestons or mnmz-

ng the rsk o thet:

ty sbish pnn psn

at the water pont or pumpng nstaaton by

erectng a abourers home there. Ths w aso

hep to contro poachng and/or stock thet. Byncorporatng the nstaatons soar panes,

ths resdence can n some nstances be eec-

trfed too!

m h nsi h pns wth

the arm name and contact detas n non-

removabe pant. You can pant the entre un-

dersde n your avourte coours. Ths w be

hard work or a the to cean o.

kp s si nbs o a

panes. Ths s proo that the panes are yours

when they are recovered, or when you pace

an nsurance cam.

P n n h Pv insin!

Or pant a sod wa o cact or ssa that can

ony be crossed wth a removabe arched ad-

der.

Ins h pns n six s

ps wth a arge concrete bock as oun-

daton, guy wres or anchorage, and f the

nsde o the stee poe wth cement. Ft razor

wre underneath the panes. Ths aso deters

baboons rom payng or tamperng wth your

assets.

But above a: make a pan! You woud not

eave your car parked n town wth the key n

the gnton; you woud not et your stud bu

roam reey on a pubc road. So, do not eavesoar panes exposed n the fed wthout at

east makng t hard or theves.


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Ths normaton booket was commssoned by

BERNT lORENTZ GmbH & Co. KG

Comped and pubshed by the

Desert Research Foundaton o Namba (DRFN)

PO Box 20232, Wndhoek,Namba

Photographs courtesy o lORENTZ and DRFN

www.orentz.de www.drn.org.na

Copyrght August 2008, a rghts reserved.

Errors excepted and possbe ateratons wthout pror notce.

No reproducton wthout wrtten permsson by DRFN or lORENTZ.

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Documents

Lorentz Brochure Namibia Usd En