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7/31/2019 Localization , Communication Using Beam Forming
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SENSOR NETWORK-source localization andcommunication using beam forming and
SDMA
SUBMITTED BY,R.MANIGANDAN,
510811412009,
G.T.E.C
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Why WSN?
spatially distributed autonomous sensors
cooperatively pass their data through the network to a main location
characteristics of a WSN include:
I. power consumption constrains for nodes using batteries or
energy harvestingII. ability to cope with node failures
III. mobility of nodes
IV. communication failures
V. heterogeneity of nodes
VI. scalability to large scale of deployment
VII. ability to withstand harsh environmental conditions
VIII. ease of use
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BEAMFORMING
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BEAMFORMING
signal processing technique direct the majority of signal energy you transmit from a group of
transducers in a chosen angular direction.
used to control the directionality of the reception or transmission of a
signal on a transducer array.
used in sensor arrays for directional signal transmission or reception.
combining elements in a phased array in such a way that signals at
particular angles
achieve spatial selectivity.
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SDMA(space division multiple access)
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Space Division Multiple Access
Satellite communications mode
minimizes system cost.
In SDMA, also known as SDM (spatial-division multiplex), The antennas
are highly directional, allowing duplicate frequencies to be used for
multiple surface zones. Channel access method.
Offer superior performance in radio multiple access communication
systems.
By using smart antenna technology and differing spatial locations of
mobile units within the cell.
This is often done using phased array techniques.
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OBJECTIVE
establish OTH links using wireless sensor networks by each to act as asmart antenna array.
WSN is a uniformly distributed random array of sensor nodes.
non-cooperative source localization within the constraints of a WSN.
least squares estimator for DOA-based localization.
passive source localization scheme which exploits the NLOS signals
from non-cooperative sources.
DOA/TDOA-based scheme which uses localization through triangulation.
The TDOA information is used to discriminate between the LOS and the
NLOS signals
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WSN IN TACTICAL OPERATION
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OTH: over the horizon
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OTH : over the horizon
Over The Horizon (OTH) network by forming a multi-hop communication
link using the individual WSNs.
extended network made up of nodes of a larger Over The Horizon (OTH)
network is formed.
Once the OTH network is connected, the individual WSNs become part ofa larger network that can relay sensed data to an end user.
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SOURCE LOCALIZATION
WSN of locating a signal source by extracting the information in the
received signal.
Two primary approaches to source localization have evolved:
Direction of arrival (DOA) based techniques
Time difference of arrival (TDOA) based techniques least squares error estimator for DOA localization
passive source localization for non-line-of-sight (NLOS) signals.
DOA/TDOA source localization:
DOA estimator,
association algorithm for the identified signal bearings
source localization scheme
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SOURCE LOCALIZATION
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SOURCE LOCALIZATION
Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)-based receiver is used for DOAestimation.
TDOA information is used between the line-of-sight (LOS) and the NLOSsignals and to associate the incoming multipath signal with thecorresponding source and reflector pair.
A technique is also provided to estimate the position and the orientationof the reflectors when site-specific database information is not available.
The proposed localization scheme allows a wireless sensor network to
perform single array localization
perform the localization in a distributed fashion
obtain source location estimates with NLOS signals
improve the location estimates compared with those obtainedusing the LOS information only
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BEAM FORMING
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Search for other wireless sensor
network
Beam forming with arrays of placed sensor
nodes
Geometric arrays(periodic-uniform)
Random arrays
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Array element distribution
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Linear array beam forming
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Planar array beam forming
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Beam forming array formation in
wireless sensor network
Linear array formation
Planar array formation
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Search method
Beam steering
Look-wait-rotate beam
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Phased array-simulation
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THANK YOU