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is the most used energy in Canadian homes – over 6 million households
makes up approximately half of the energy used in the industrial sector
provides nearly 9% of Canada’s power
produces up to 30% less emissions than traditional fuel
It is important to note that contrary to some misinformation, LNG is odourless, colourless, non-corrosive, non-toxic, and less dense than water. LNG does not burn or explode because it does not contain oxygen.
In the unlikely event of a spill, it would warm, rise and dissipate.
For LNG to lead to an explosion, it must first warm to a gaseous state and three specific conditions must occur simultaneously. There must be:
1) A confined space;
2) The right fuel-to-air ratio (5% – 15%);
3) A spark.
* LNG facilities use state-of-the-art monitoring systems and are built specifically so that these conditions do not occur.
ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANTAGES OF NATURAL GAS OVER COAL
SULFUR DIOXIDE (SO2)EMISSIONS
BY 100%
8,04
3
7
NITROGEN OXIDES (NOX)EMISSIONS
BY 81%
5,05
6
971
CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2)EMISSIONS
BY 58%
2,94
2,37
5
1,24
1,29
2
To ensure safe navigation, carriers are
assisted by tugboats and require trained and accredited
pilots for berthing.
Since 1964 LNG has been transported around the world without major incidents either
at port or at sea (more than 140,000 journeys).
LNG carriers are double-hulled ships speci�cally designed to handle LNG at its -162ºC temperature, and equipped
with state-of-the-art safety and security technology.
NAVIGATION
GHGs N0x S0x Mercury Micro-particluate
Coal Natural Gas
In comparison to coal powered energy, energy generated through combined cycle natural gas plants produces:
less than half as much carbon dioxide (primary source of greenhouse gas emissions)
less than one tenth as much nitrogen oxides (causes smog)
less than one percent as much sulfur oxides (causes acid rain) and PM2.5 micro-particulates (causes respiratory complications etc.)
Natural gas makes up approximately half of the energy used in the industrial sector
50%
Natural gas provides nearly 9% of Canada’s power9%
Natural gas powered vehicles produce up to 30% less emissions than traditional fuel
30%
LNG is used for many purposes including powering gas range stoves, heating homes to fueling heavy-duty vehicles.
Natural gas is the most used energy in Canadian homes – over 6 million households.
Natural gas is the cleanest burning fossil fuel and is used in many places in the world to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by replacing less e�cient fuels.
SQUAMISH
4500 N MILES
1790 N MILES
8600 N MILES
5400 N MILES
SANTA CRUZ
JOSE/LACRUZ
JAPAN
TAIWAN
KOREAN
CHINAPERSIAN GULF
LOS ANGELES
POTENTIAL ROUTE EXISTING ROUTE
Asian markets are an 8 to 11 day sail from proposed LNG terminals on Canada’s West Coast, 2 days closer than most of our international competitors.
Replacing just one 500 megawatt coal-�red power
plant with natural gas fueled power generation for one year,
equates to taking 557,000 cars o� the roads.
Insulated LNG Tanks (atmospheric pressure)Accommodation
Double Hull Engine Room Pump Room
LNG CARRIER SIDE VIEWS
SAFETYTRANSPORT
Liquefied natural gas, or LNG, is natural gas in a liquid state – it is the same gas used to heat homes and the same gas found in gas range stoves. This gas becomes a liquid when it is cooled to -162ºC. This process, called liquefaction, shrinks the volume of the gas by 600 times, making it easier to store and transport to markets around the world.
LNG is not stored under pressure. It is cooled, stored and transported at atmospheric pressure.
Upon arriving at its delivery destination, LNG is warmed to its original gaseous state where it can be used for various purposes from heating and cooling homes, generating electricity, to fuelling heavy-duty vehicles.
Natural gas:
Natural gas is the most used energy in Canadian homes –
over 6 million households.
Natural gas is the cleanest burning fossil fuel and is used in many places in the world
to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by replacing more polluting fuels.
LNG is odourless, colourless, non-corrosive, non-toxic, and
less dense than water.
ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANTAGES OF NATURAL GAS OVER COAL
SULFUR DIOXIDE (SO2)EMISSIONS
BY 100%
8,04
3
7
NITROGEN OXIDES (NOX)EMISSIONS
BY 81%
5,05
6
971
CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2)EMISSIONS
BY 58%
2,94
2,37
5
1,24
1,29
2
To ensure safe navigation, carriers are
assisted by tugboats and require trained and accredited
pilots for berthing.
Since 1964 LNG has been transported around the world without major incidents either
at port or at sea (more than 140,000 journeys).
LNG carriers are double-hulled ships speci�cally designed to handle LNG at its -162ºC temperature, and equipped
with state-of-the-art safety and security technology.
NAVIGATION
GHGs N0x S0x Mercury Micro-particluate
Coal Natural Gas
In comparison to coal powered energy, energy generated through combined cycle natural gas plants produces:
less than half as much carbon dioxide (primary source of greenhouse gas emissions)
less than one tenth as much nitrogen oxides (causes smog)
less than one percent as much sulfur oxides (causes acid rain) and PM2.5 micro-particulates (causes respiratory complications etc.)
Natural gas makes up approximately half of the energy used in the industrial sector
50%
Natural gas provides nearly 9% of Canada’s power9%
Natural gas powered vehicles produce up to 30% less emissions than traditional fuel
30%
LNG is used for many purposes including powering gas range stoves, heating homes to fueling heavy-duty vehicles.
Natural gas is the most used energy in Canadian homes – over 6 million households.
Natural gas is the cleanest burning fossil fuel and is used in many places in the world to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by replacing less e�cient fuels.
SQUAMISH
4500 N MILES
1790 N MILES
8600 N MILES
5400 N MILES
SANTA CRUZ
JOSE/LACRUZ
JAPAN
TAIWAN
KOREAN
CHINAPERSIAN GULF
LOS ANGELES
POTENTIAL ROUTE EXISTING ROUTE
Asian markets are an 8 to 11 day sail from proposed LNG terminals on Canada’s West Coast, 2 days closer than most of our international competitors.
Replacing just one 500 megawatt coal-�red power
plant with natural gas fueled power generation for one year,
equates to taking 557,000 cars o� the roads.
Insulated LNG Tanks (atmospheric pressure)Accommodation
Double Hull Engine Room Pump Room
LNG CARRIER SIDE VIEWS
SAFETYTRANSPORT
ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANTAGES OF NATURAL GAS OVER COAL
SULFUR DIOXIDE (SO2)EMISSIONS
BY 100%
8,04
3
7
NITROGEN OXIDES (NOX)EMISSIONS
BY 81%
5,05
6
971
CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2)EMISSIONS
BY 58%
2,94
2,37
5
1,24
1,29
2
To ensure safe navigation, carriers are
assisted by tugboats and require trained and accredited
pilots for berthing.
Since 1964 LNG has been transported around the world without major incidents either
at port or at sea (more than 140,000 journeys).
LNG carriers are double-hulled ships speci�cally designed to handle LNG at its -162ºC temperature, and equipped
with state-of-the-art safety and security technology.
NAVIGATION
GHGs N0x S0x Mercury Micro-particluate
Coal Natural Gas
In comparison to coal powered energy, energy generated through combined cycle natural gas plants produces:
less than half as much carbon dioxide (primary source of greenhouse gas emissions)
less than one tenth as much nitrogen oxides (causes smog)
less than one percent as much sulfur oxides (causes acid rain) and PM2.5 micro-particulates (causes respiratory complications etc.)
Natural gas makes up approximately half of the energy used in the industrial sector
50%
Natural gas provides nearly 9% of Canada’s power9%
Natural gas powered vehicles produce up to 30% less emissions than traditional fuel
30%
LNG is used for many purposes including powering gas range stoves, heating homes to fueling heavy-duty vehicles.
Natural gas is the most used energy in Canadian homes – over 6 million households.
Natural gas is the cleanest burning fossil fuel and is used in many places in the world to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by replacing less e�cient fuels.
SQUAMISH
4500 N MILES
1790 N MILES
8600 N MILES
5400 N MILES
SANTA CRUZ
JOSE/LACRUZ
JAPAN
TAIWAN
KOREAN
CHINAPERSIAN GULF
LOS ANGELES
POTENTIAL ROUTE EXISTING ROUTE
Asian markets are an 8 to 11 day sail from proposed LNG terminals on Canada’s West Coast, 2 days closer than most of our international competitors.
Replacing just one 500 megawatt coal-�red power
plant with natural gas fueled power generation for one year,
equates to taking 557,000 cars o� the roads.
Insulated LNG Tanks (atmospheric pressure)Accommodation
Double Hull Engine Room Pump Room
LNG CARRIER SIDE VIEWS
SAFETYTRANSPORT
What is LNG? L N G S TA N D S F O R L I Q U E F I E D N AT U R A L G A S .
LNG: Safe, Clean, Reliable
“If extracted safely, natural gas is the ‘bridge fuel’ that can power our economy with less of the carbon
pollution that causes climate change.” – President Obama, 2014 State of the Union address
ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANTAGES OF NATURAL GAS OVER COAL
SULFUR DIOXIDE (SO2)EMISSIONS
BY 100%
8,04
3
7
NITROGEN OXIDES (NOX)EMISSIONS
BY 81%
5,05
6
971
CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2)EMISSIONS
BY 58%
2,94
2,37
5
1,24
1,29
2
To ensure safe navigation, carriers are
assisted by tugboats and require trained and accredited
pilots for berthing.
Since 1964 LNG has been transported around the world without major incidents either
at port or at sea (more than 140,000 journeys).
LNG carriers are double-hulled ships speci�cally designed to handle LNG at its -162ºC temperature, and equipped
with state-of-the-art safety and security technology.
NAVIGATION
GHGs N0x S0x Mercury Micro-particluate
Coal Natural Gas
In comparison to coal powered energy, energy generated through combined cycle natural gas plants produces:
less than half as much carbon dioxide (primary source of greenhouse gas emissions)
less than one tenth as much nitrogen oxides (causes smog)
less than one percent as much sulfur oxides (causes acid rain) and PM2.5 micro-particulates (causes respiratory complications etc.)
Natural gas makes up approximately half of the energy used in the industrial sector
50%
Natural gas provides nearly 9% of Canada’s power9%
Natural gas powered vehicles produce up to 30% less emissions than traditional fuel
30%
LNG is used for many purposes including powering gas range stoves, heating homes to fueling heavy-duty vehicles.
Natural gas is the most used energy in Canadian homes – over 6 million households.
Natural gas is the cleanest burning fossil fuel and is used in many places in the world to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by replacing less e�cient fuels.
SQUAMISH
4500 N MILES
1790 N MILES
8600 N MILES
5400 N MILES
SANTA CRUZ
JOSE/LACRUZ
JAPAN
TAIWAN
KOREAN
CHINAPERSIAN GULF
LOS ANGELES
POTENTIAL ROUTE EXISTING ROUTE
Asian markets are an 8 to 11 day sail from proposed LNG terminals on Canada’s West Coast, 2 days closer than most of our international competitors.
Replacing just one 500 megawatt coal-�red power
plant with natural gas fueled power generation for one year,
equates to taking 557,000 cars o� the roads.
Insulated LNG Tanks (atmospheric pressure)Accommodation
Double Hull Engine Room Pump Room
LNG CARRIER SIDE VIEWS
SAFETYTRANSPORT
ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANTAGES OF NATURAL GAS OVER COAL
SULFUR DIOXIDE (SO2)EMISSIONS
BY 100%
8,04
3
7
NITROGEN OXIDES (NOX)EMISSIONS
BY 81%
5,05
6
971
CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2)EMISSIONS
BY 58%
2,94
2,37
5
1,24
1,29
2
To ensure safe navigation, carriers are
assisted by tugboats and require trained and accredited
pilots for berthing.
Since 1964 LNG has been transported around the world without major incidents either
at port or at sea (more than 140,000 journeys).
LNG carriers are double-hulled ships speci�cally designed to handle LNG at its -162ºC temperature, and equipped
with state-of-the-art safety and security technology.
NAVIGATION
GHGs N0x S0x Mercury Micro-particluate
Coal Natural Gas
In comparison to coal powered energy, energy generated through combined cycle natural gas plants produces:
less than half as much carbon dioxide (primary source of greenhouse gas emissions)
less than one tenth as much nitrogen oxides (causes smog)
less than one percent as much sulfur oxides (causes acid rain) and PM2.5 micro-particulates (causes respiratory complications etc.)
Natural gas makes up approximately half of the energy used in the industrial sector
50%
Natural gas provides nearly 9% of Canada’s power9%
Natural gas powered vehicles produce up to 30% less emissions than traditional fuel
30%
LNG is used for many purposes including powering gas range stoves, heating homes to fueling heavy-duty vehicles.
Natural gas is the most used energy in Canadian homes – over 6 million households.
Natural gas is the cleanest burning fossil fuel and is used in many places in the world to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by replacing less e�cient fuels.
SQUAMISH
4500 N MILES
1790 N MILES
8600 N MILES
5400 N MILES
SANTA CRUZ
JOSE/LACRUZ
JAPAN
TAIWAN
KOREAN
CHINAPERSIAN GULF
LOS ANGELES
POTENTIAL ROUTE EXISTING ROUTE
Asian markets are an 8 to 11 day sail from proposed LNG terminals on Canada’s West Coast, 2 days closer than most of our international competitors.
Replacing just one 500 megawatt coal-�red power
plant with natural gas fueled power generation for one year,
equates to taking 557,000 cars o� the roads.
Insulated LNG Tanks (atmospheric pressure)Accommodation
Double Hull Engine Room Pump Room
LNG CARRIER SIDE VIEWS
SAFETYTRANSPORT
ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANTAGES OF NATURAL GAS OVER COAL
SULFUR DIOXIDE (SO2)EMISSIONS
BY 100%
8,04
3
7
NITROGEN OXIDES (NOX)EMISSIONS
BY 81%
5,05
6
971
CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2)EMISSIONS
BY 58%
2,94
2,37
5
1,24
1,29
2
To ensure safe navigation, carriers are
assisted by tugboats and require trained and accredited
pilots for berthing.
Since 1964 LNG has been transported around the world without major incidents either
at port or at sea (more than 140,000 journeys).
LNG carriers are double-hulled ships speci�cally designed to handle LNG at its -162ºC temperature, and equipped
with state-of-the-art safety and security technology.
NAVIGATION
GHGs N0x S0x Mercury Micro-particluate
Coal Natural Gas
In comparison to coal powered energy, energy generated through combined cycle natural gas plants produces:
less than half as much carbon dioxide (primary source of greenhouse gas emissions)
less than one tenth as much nitrogen oxides (causes smog)
less than one percent as much sulfur oxides (causes acid rain) and PM2.5 micro-particulates (causes respiratory complications etc.)
Natural gas makes up approximately half of the energy used in the industrial sector
50%
Natural gas provides nearly 9% of Canada’s power9%
Natural gas powered vehicles produce up to 30% less emissions than traditional fuel
30%
LNG is used for many purposes including powering gas range stoves, heating homes to fueling heavy-duty vehicles.
Natural gas is the most used energy in Canadian homes – over 6 million households.
Natural gas is the cleanest burning fossil fuel and is used in many places in the world to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by replacing less e�cient fuels.
SQUAMISH
4500 N MILES
1790 N MILES
8600 N MILES
5400 N MILES
SANTA CRUZ
JOSE/LACRUZ
JAPAN
TAIWAN
KOREAN
CHINAPERSIAN GULF
LOS ANGELES
POTENTIAL ROUTE EXISTING ROUTE
Asian markets are an 8 to 11 day sail from proposed LNG terminals on Canada’s West Coast, 2 days closer than most of our international competitors.
Replacing just one 500 megawatt coal-�red power
plant with natural gas fueled power generation for one year,
equates to taking 557,000 cars o� the roads.
Insulated LNG Tanks (atmospheric pressure)Accommodation
Double Hull Engine Room Pump Room
LNG CARRIER SIDE VIEWS
SAFETYTRANSPORT
N AT U R A L G A S I S T H E C L E A N E S T B U R N I N G F O S S I L F U E L A N D I S U S E D I N M A N Y P L AC E S I N T H E W O R L D TO R E D U C E E M I S S I O N S A N D T R A N S I T I O N O F F M O R E P O L LU T I N G F U E L S .
In comparison to coal powered energy, energy generated through combined cycle natural gas plants produces:
Why is LNG better for the environment?
ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANTAGES OF NATURAL GAS OVER COAL
SULFUR DIOXIDE (SO2)EMISSIONS
BY 100%
8,04
3
7
NITROGEN OXIDES (NOX)EMISSIONS
BY 81%
5,05
6
971
CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2)EMISSIONS
BY 58%
2,94
2,37
5
1,24
1,29
2
To ensure safe navigation, carriers are
assisted by tugboats and require trained and accredited
pilots for berthing.
Since 1964 LNG has been transported around the world without major incidents either
at port or at sea (more than 140,000 journeys).
LNG carriers are double-hulled ships speci�cally designed to handle LNG at its -162ºC temperature, and equipped
with state-of-the-art safety and security technology.
NAVIGATION
GHGs N0x S0x Mercury Micro-particluate
Coal Natural Gas
In comparison to coal powered energy, energy generated through combined cycle natural gas plants produces:
less than half as much carbon dioxide (primary source of greenhouse gas emissions)
less than one tenth as much nitrogen oxides (causes smog)
less than one percent as much sulfur oxides (causes acid rain) and PM2.5 micro-particulates (causes respiratory complications etc.)
Natural gas makes up approximately half of the energy used in the industrial sector
50%
Natural gas provides nearly 9% of Canada’s power9%
Natural gas powered vehicles produce up to 30% less emissions than traditional fuel
30%
LNG is used for many purposes including powering gas range stoves, heating homes to fueling heavy-duty vehicles.
Natural gas is the most used energy in Canadian homes – over 6 million households.
Natural gas is the cleanest burning fossil fuel and is used in many places in the world to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by replacing less e�cient fuels.
SQUAMISH
4500 N MILES
1790 N MILES
8600 N MILES
5400 N MILES
SANTA CRUZ
JOSE/LACRUZ
JAPAN
TAIWAN
KOREAN
CHINAPERSIAN GULF
LOS ANGELES
POTENTIAL ROUTE EXISTING ROUTE
Asian markets are an 8 to 11 day sail from proposed LNG terminals on Canada’s West Coast, 2 days closer than most of our international competitors.
Replacing just one 500 megawatt coal-�red power
plant with natural gas fueled power generation for one year,
equates to taking 557,000 cars o� the roads.
Insulated LNG Tanks (atmospheric pressure)Accommodation
Double Hull Engine Room Pump Room
LNG CARRIER SIDE VIEWS
SAFETYTRANSPORT
ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANTAGES OF NATURAL GAS OVER COAL
SULFUR DIOXIDE (SO2)EMISSIONS
BY 100%
8,04
37
NITROGEN OXIDES (NOX)EMISSIONS
BY 81%
5,05
6
971
CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2)EMISSIONS
BY 58%
2,94
2,37
5
1,24
1,29
2
To ensure safe navigation, carriers are
assisted by tugboats and require trained and accredited
pilots for berthing.
Since 1964 LNG has been transported around the world without major incidents either
at port or at sea (more than 140,000 journeys).
LNG carriers are double-hulled ships speci�cally designed to handle LNG at its -162ºC temperature, and equipped
with state-of-the-art safety and security technology.
NAVIGATION
GHGs N0x S0x Mercury Micro-particluate
Coal Natural Gas
In comparison to coal powered energy, energy generated through combined cycle natural gas plants produces:
less than half as much carbon dioxide (primary source of greenhouse gas emissions)
less than one tenth as much nitrogen oxides (causes smog)
less than one percent as much sulfur oxides (causes acid rain) and PM2.5 micro-particulates (causes respiratory complications etc.)
Natural gas makes up approximately half of the energy used in the industrial sector
50%
Natural gas provides nearly 9% of Canada’s power9%
Natural gas powered vehicles produce up to 30% less emissions than traditional fuel
30%
LNG is used for many purposes including powering gas range stoves, heating homes to fueling heavy-duty vehicles.
Natural gas is the most used energy in Canadian homes – over 6 million households.
Natural gas is the cleanest burning fossil fuel and is used in many places in the world to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by replacing less e�cient fuels.
SQUAMISH
4500 N MILES
1790 N MILES
8600 N MILES
5400 N MILES
SANTA CRUZ
JOSE/LACRUZ
JAPAN
TAIWAN
KOREAN
CHINAPERSIAN GULF
LOS ANGELES
POTENTIAL ROUTE EXISTING ROUTE
Asian markets are an 8 to 11 day sail from proposed LNG terminals on Canada’s West Coast, 2 days closer than most of our international competitors.
Replacing just one 500 megawatt coal-�red power
plant with natural gas fueled power generation for one year,
equates to taking 557,000 cars o� the roads.
Insulated LNG Tanks (atmospheric pressure)Accommodation
Double Hull Engine Room Pump Room
LNG CARRIER SIDE VIEWS
SAFETYTRANSPORT
Even the cleanest coal technologies produce 70% more lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions than power generated by natural gas. In fact, replacing just one 500 megawatt coal-fired power plant with natural gas fueled power generation for one year, equates to taking 557,000 cars off the roads.
In addition to being the cleanest alternative, building natural gas power plants is also much more efficient than coal powered plants. Natural gas plants require substantially less time, energy, water use and land area than coal plants and do not produce ash as a by product.
As the cleanest burning fossil fuel, natural gas has the capability to support the development of renewable energy such as wind and solar energy (currently intermittent) in an integrated supply chain by filling in with power generation when needed.
VS
Accommodation
Engine Room Pump Room
Insulated LNG Tanks (atmospheric pressure)
Double Hull
ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANTAGES OF NATURAL GAS OVER COAL
SULFUR DIOXIDE (SO2)EMISSIONS
BY 100%
8,04
3
7
NITROGEN OXIDES (NOX)EMISSIONS
BY 81%
5,05
6
971
CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2)EMISSIONS
BY 58%
2,94
2,37
5
1,24
1,29
2
To ensure safe navigation, carriers are
assisted by tugboats and require trained and accredited
pilots for berthing.
Since 1964 LNG has been transported around the world without major incidents either
at port or at sea (more than 140,000 journeys).
LNG carriers are double-hulled ships speci�cally designed to handle LNG at its -162ºC temperature, and equipped
with state-of-the-art safety and security technology.
NAVIGATION
GHGs N0x S0x Mercury Micro-particluate
Coal Natural Gas
In comparison to coal powered energy, energy generated through combined cycle natural gas plants produces:
less than half as much carbon dioxide (primary source of greenhouse gas emissions)
less than one tenth as much nitrogen oxides (causes smog)
less than one percent as much sulfur oxides (causes acid rain) and PM2.5 micro-particulates (causes respiratory complications etc.)
Natural gas makes up approximately half of the energy used in the industrial sector
50%
Natural gas provides nearly 9% of Canada’s power9%
Natural gas powered vehicles produce up to 30% less emissions than traditional fuel
30%
LNG is used for many purposes including powering gas range stoves, heating homes to fueling heavy-duty vehicles.
Natural gas is the most used energy in Canadian homes – over 6 million households.
Natural gas is the cleanest burning fossil fuel and is used in many places in the world to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by replacing less e�cient fuels.
SQUAMISH
4500 N MILES
1790 N MILES
8600 N MILES
5400 N MILES
SANTA CRUZ
JOSE/LACRUZ
JAPAN
TAIWAN
KOREAN
CHINAPERSIAN GULF
LOS ANGELES
POTENTIAL ROUTE EXISTING ROUTE
Asian markets are an 8 to 11 day sail from proposed LNG terminals on Canada’s West Coast, 2 days closer than most of our international competitors.
Replacing just one 500 megawatt coal-�red power
plant with natural gas fueled power generation for one year,
equates to taking 557,000 cars o� the roads.
Insulated LNG Tanks (atmospheric pressure)Accommodation
Double Hull Engine Room Pump Room
LNG CARRIER SIDE VIEWS
SAFETYTRANSPORT
LNG carrier side views
ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANTAGES OF NATURAL GAS OVER COAL
SULFUR DIOXIDE (SO2)EMISSIONS
BY 100%
8,04
3
7
NITROGEN OXIDES (NOX)EMISSIONS
BY 81%
5,05
6
971
CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2)EMISSIONS
BY 58%
2,94
2,37
5
1,24
1,29
2
To ensure safe navigation, carriers are
assisted by tugboats and require trained and accredited
pilots for berthing.
Since 1964 LNG has been transported around the world without major incidents either
at port or at sea (more than 140,000 journeys).
LNG carriers are double-hulled ships speci�cally designed to handle LNG at its -162ºC temperature, and equipped
with state-of-the-art safety and security technology.
NAVIGATION
GHGs N0x S0x Mercury Micro-particluate
Coal Natural Gas
In comparison to coal powered energy, energy generated through combined cycle natural gas plants produces:
less than half as much carbon dioxide (primary source of greenhouse gas emissions)
less than one tenth as much nitrogen oxides (causes smog)
less than one percent as much sulfur oxides (causes acid rain) and PM2.5 micro-particulates (causes respiratory complications etc.)
Natural gas makes up approximately half of the energy used in the industrial sector
50%
Natural gas provides nearly 9% of Canada’s power9%
Natural gas powered vehicles produce up to 30% less emissions than traditional fuel
30%
LNG is used for many purposes including powering gas range stoves, heating homes to fueling heavy-duty vehicles.
Natural gas is the most used energy in Canadian homes – over 6 million households.
Natural gas is the cleanest burning fossil fuel and is used in many places in the world to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by replacing less e�cient fuels.
SQUAMISH
4500 N MILES
1790 N MILES
8600 N MILES
5400 N MILES
SANTA CRUZ
JOSE/LACRUZ
JAPAN
TAIWAN
KOREAN
CHINAPERSIAN GULF
LOS ANGELES
POTENTIAL ROUTE EXISTING ROUTE
Asian markets are an 8 to 11 day sail from proposed LNG terminals on Canada’s West Coast, 2 days closer than most of our international competitors.
Replacing just one 500 megawatt coal-�red power
plant with natural gas fueled power generation for one year,
equates to taking 557,000 cars o� the roads.
Insulated LNG Tanks (atmospheric pressure)Accommodation
Double Hull Engine Room Pump Room
LNG CARRIER SIDE VIEWS
SAFETYTRANSPORT
Is LNG a safe industry?L N G I S A W E L L E S TA B L I S H E D I N T E R N AT I O N A L I N D U S T RY W I T H A N E XC E L L E N T S A F E T Y R E CO R D D U E TO S T R I C T R E G U L AT I O N S , T R A I N I N G A N D CO N S TA N T LY I M P R O V I N G T E C H N O LO G I E S .
LNG facilities employ state-of-the-art safety and security technology in compliance with industry regulations and best practices as well as emergency shutdown systems.
There are many LNG facilities around the world that operate safely adjacent to or within existing urban areas such as: Fortis BC’s Tilbury LNG plant in Delta, the Everett Marine Terminal near Boston, Barcelona LNG in Barcelona, and the Shanghai LNG terminal in Shanghai.
* LNG facilities also do not emit odours, as the smell that most associate with natural gas is actually an additive to household gas used to warn of leaks. This additive, called mercaptan, is removed as soon as the natural gas arrives at the facility
Since 1964 LNG has been transported around the world without major incidents either at port or at sea (more than 140,000 journeys). LNG carriers are double-hulled ships specifically designed to handle LNG at its -162ºC temperature, and equipped with state-of-the-art safety and security technology.
To ensure safe navigation, carriers are assisted by tugboats and require trained and accredited pilots for berthing. LNG carriers strictly adhere to established safe distances and speed limits. Also, carriers can only exchange ballast water at least 200 nautical miles from the coastline (these are the rules currently in effect for freighters in the Howe Sound).
LNG storage tanks are also double walled and insulated (similar to that of a thermos). The inner wall is made of approximately 9% nickel (to withstand the cryogenic temperature) and the outer wall is made of carbon steel.
LNG is stored and transported in safe world class vessels at atmospheric pressure. Any excess LNG that boils off is used as fuel for the ship.
Fortis BC’s Tilbury LNG facility in Delta - in operation since 1971
MOSS CARRIER
MEMBRANE CARRIER
T H E G LO B A L D E M A N D F O R E N E R G Y W I L L I N C R E A S E BY 35% BY 2035 A N D T H E S P E C I F I C D E M A N D F O R N AT U R A L G A S I S E X P E C T E D TO I N C R E A S E BY 55%.
The growing energy demand is fuelled by rapid economic growth and improving standards of living in Asia, where the population is high and the GDP rises 6% to 8% annually.
North and South America along with Australia have approximately 1/7 of the world’s population but half of the world’s shale gas reserves, while Southern and Eastern Asia have about half the world’s population but only 1/7 of the world’s recoverable shale reserves.
Asian markets are looking to diversify their energy imports to meet growing demands, but to also seek cleaner alternatives to offset the often hazardous levels of air pollution.
In China, where LNG imports are expected to surpass that of Japan (current top importer), air quality readings are known to be 40 times higher than what the World Health Organization (WHO) deems as “safe levels”. This is why China aims to reduce their coal consumption to less than 65% total energy use by 2017 in order to curb pollution levels.
As the cleanest burning fossil fuel, LNG is the best and most reliable source to help transition away from high emission fuels.
British Columbia currently has enough natural gas reserves to develop an LNG export industry for 150 years. Currently most of our energy exports are almost exclusively to the US – but their import demands are decreasing.
British Columbia’s coast is ideally situated to export LNG to Asia, as our coast is approximately 2 days closer (by carrier) than international LNG competitors to transport shipments.
In addition to reducing the overall global emissions levels, developing LNG for export in British Columbia will generate thousands of quality high paying jobs as well as provide the government with more revenue to fund healthcare and education.
Natural gas provided approximately $13 billion in export revenue in 2011 and approximately $8 billion in 2012. Should an LNG export industry be developed, it is estimated that over the next 25 years, revenue would be:
• $285 billion in personal, corporate and indirect taxes
• $98 billion in royalties
It is anticipated that 317,000 jobs (direct, indirect and induced) would be created across Canada by 2035 in the natural gas sector – this is double the current job numbers.
Why LNG?
“Greenhouse gas emissions from energy supply can be reduced significantly by replacing current world average coal-fired plants with modern, highly efficient natural gas combined-cycle plants or combined heat and power cycle plants, provided that natural gas is available and the fugitive emissions associated with extraction and supply are low or mitigated.” – UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report
ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANTAGES OF NATURAL GAS OVER COAL
SULFUR DIOXIDE (SO2)EMISSIONS
BY 100%
8,04
3
7
NITROGEN OXIDES (NOX)EMISSIONS
BY 81%
5,05
6
971
CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2)EMISSIONS
BY 58%
2,94
2,37
5
1,24
1,29
2
To ensure safe navigation, carriers are
assisted by tugboats and require trained and accredited
pilots for berthing.
Since 1964 LNG has been transported around the world without major incidents either
at port or at sea (more than 140,000 journeys).
LNG carriers are double-hulled ships speci�cally designed to handle LNG at its -162ºC temperature, and equipped
with state-of-the-art safety and security technology.
NAVIGATION
GHGs N0x S0x Mercury Micro-particluate
Coal Natural Gas
In comparison to coal powered energy, energy generated through combined cycle natural gas plants produces:
less than half as much carbon dioxide (primary source of greenhouse gas emissions)
less than one tenth as much nitrogen oxides (causes smog)
less than one percent as much sulfur oxides (causes acid rain) and PM2.5 micro-particulates (causes respiratory complications etc.)
Natural gas makes up approximately half of the energy used in the industrial sector
50%
Natural gas provides nearly 9% of Canada’s power9%
Natural gas powered vehicles produce up to 30% less emissions than traditional fuel
30%
LNG is used for many purposes including powering gas range stoves, heating homes to fueling heavy-duty vehicles.
Natural gas is the most used energy in Canadian homes – over 6 million households.
Natural gas is the cleanest burning fossil fuel and is used in many places in the world to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by replacing less e�cient fuels.
SQUAMISH
4500 N MILES
1790 N MILES
8600 N MILES
5400 N MILES
SANTA CRUZ
JOSE/LACRUZ
JAPAN
TAIWAN
KOREAN
CHINAPERSIAN GULF
LOS ANGELES
POTENTIAL ROUTE EXISTING ROUTE
Asian markets are an 8 to 11 day sail from proposed LNG terminals on Canada’s West Coast, 2 days closer than most of our international competitors.
Replacing just one 500 megawatt coal-�red power
plant with natural gas fueled power generation for one year,
equates to taking 557,000 cars o� the roads.
Insulated LNG Tanks (atmospheric pressure)Accommodation
Double Hull Engine Room Pump Room
LNG CARRIER SIDE VIEWS
SAFETYTRANSPORT
• Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers (CAPP) | www.capp.ca
• Canadian Centre for Energy | www.centreforenergy.com
• Canadian Energy Research Institute | www.ceri.ca
• Clean Air Strategic Alliance (CASA) | www.casahome.org
• Energy Resources Conservation Board (ERCB) | www.ercb.ca
• BC Oil and Gas Commission | www.bcogc.ca
• Environment Canada | www.ec.gc.ca
F O R M O R E I N F O R M AT I O N O N N AT U R A L G A S :
CO N TAC T U S : Let us know if you have any inquiries or if you would like to sign up for email updates at:
WEB: woodfibrelngproject.ca
EMAIL: [email protected]
MAIL: Woodfibre LNG Project PO Box 280 Squamish, B.C. V8B 0A3
