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LITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND LITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND
PROBLEMSPROBLEMS((16-20 September 2007, Tallinn16-20 September 2007, Tallinn))
Vyda Elena Gasiūnienė
Deputy director
LITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, TallinnLITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, Tallinn
Basic data
Area – 65,3 sq.km
Length of the Inland borders – 1747 km
with in: Latvia – 610 km Belarus – 724 km Poland – 110 km Kaliningrad region of the Russian Federation – 303 km
Coastline – 99 km
From east to west – 373 km
From north to south – 267 km
Population density - ~56 per sq.km
Consumed amount of mineral resources
till 1900
1900–1950
1950–20003,0-6,0
1,5-3,0
1,5
Population, (mlrd).
Period, year
LITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, TallinnLITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, Tallinn
Increase of extraction is related with:
LITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, TallinnLITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, Tallinn
Technological progress and progress in science
Growing number of the population in the world
Efforts to maintain the standard of living
Extractive activity
LITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, TallinnLITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, Tallinn
Public concern
How to satisfy a demand for mineral resources?
How to mitigate or avoid the impact of extractive industry on the environment?
Mineral resources are depleting both in the country and in the world...
What will be with our descendants?
The framework, called sustainable development, has goals:
LITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, TallinnLITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, Tallinn
• Economic prosperity
• Environmental health
• Social equity for societies – equal opportunities for our generation and for our descendants
The sustainable management of mineral resources implies:
sound geological knowledge;
harmonization of national legislation concerning access to mineral extraction and globalization of the resource market, irrespective of world’s political and state arrangement;
proper implementation and strict enforcement of legislation;
preparation of regional sustainable development plans, development of strategies at regional and transnational levels;
providing educational awareness to the problems of living and working in environmentally sensitive areas (in our case peatlands are sensitive areas);
sharing the experience of mining industry (which operates under strict environmental requirements and BAT);
communicating with the local community (i.e. bridge from emotion to knowledge).
LITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, TallinnLITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, Tallinn
LITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, TallinnLITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, Tallinn
Pyramid of the world raw materials – amount of annual extraction(2000, thousand tons, gas – mln. cub. m)
(according to F.W.Velmer)
Pyramid of the world raw materials – value of annual extraction(2000, mln. €)
(according to F.W.Velmer)
LITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, TallinnLITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, Tallinn
LITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, TallinnLITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, Tallinn
MINERAL RESOURCES MAP OF LITHUANIA, Scale 1:200 000
LITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, TallinnLITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, Tallinn
LITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, TallinnLITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, Tallinn
661 deposits:Resources explored in detail
990 deposits:Resources explored in general
373 areas:Prognostic reserves
33%49%
18%
In total: 2024 deposits and areas are investigated
LITHUANIA’S MINERAL RESOURCES DEPOSITS AND AREAS, 2006LITHUANIA’S MINERAL RESOURCES DEPOSITS AND AREAS, 2006
367 deposits under
exploitation
with in:
227 gravel
58 sand
51 peat
12 oil
8 clay
4 dolomite
3 limestone
2 sapropel
1 chalky marl
1 opoka
LITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, TallinnLITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, Tallinn
Dolomite 4
Clay 8
Sapropel 2
Limestone 3
Chalky marl 1
Oil
12
Opoka 1
Peat
51
Gravel, sand
285
Number of enterprises
210 Number of deposits
under the use367155
334
7
4
2
3
1
1
* 15 enterprises use 15 deposits of mineral water
USE OF MINERAL RESOURCES, 2006USE OF MINERAL RESOURCES, 2006
LITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, TallinnLITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, Tallinn
Mineralinių išteklių apmokestinimo tarifai / Taxation rates of mineral resources (pagal LR mokesčio už valstybinius gamtos išteklius įstatymą) /
(according Law on State mineral resources taxes of Republic of Lithuania) Tyrimai buvo finansuoti / Investigations was financed iš valstybės biudžeto /
from state budget naudotojo /
customer‘s means
Ištekliai / Resources
Lt / m3 Euro / m3 Lt / m3 Euro / m3 Anhidritas / Anhydrite 1,52 0,44 1,34 0,39 Dolomitas / Dolomite 0,65 0,19 0,59 0,17 Durpės / Peat: mažaskaidės / low-decomposed 0,54 0,16 0,48 0,14 kitos / other 0,20 0,06 0,14 0,04 Gintaras / Amber * 34,9 10,11 34,8 10,08 Klintis / Limestone 1,73 0,50 1,60 0,46 Kreidos mergelis / Chalky marl 1,13 0,33 1,00 0,29 Molis / Clay: devono periodo / devonian period 0,98 0,28 0,92 0,27 triaso periodo / triasic period 0,65 0,19 0,54 0,16 kitas / other 0,39 0,11 0,33 0,10 Opoka / Opoka 0,90 0,26 0,80 0,23 Sapropelis / Sapropel 0,85 0,25 0,79 0,23 Smėlis moliui liesinti / Sand for ceramic products 0,33 0,10 0,27 0,09 Smėlis stiklui gaminti / Glas-making sand 2,00 0,58 1,70 0,49 Smėlis silikatiniams dirbiniams / Sand for silicate products 0,30 0,09 0,24 0,07 Kitas smėlis / Other sand 0,25 0,07 0,19 0,05 Žvyras / Gravel 0,30 0,09 0,24 0,07 * Euro per kg
Mokesčiai į biudžetą už valstybinių gamtos (žemės gelmių) Mokesčiai į biudžetą už valstybinių gamtos (žemės gelmių) išteklių sunaudojimą (mln. litų)išteklių sunaudojimą (mln. litų)
Naudingoji iškasena 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Nafta 22,2 11,2 43,7 82,5 88,6 58,1 43,8 30,8 35
Gėlas vanduo ~13 ~9,9 ~9,6 ~10,3 ~15,4 12,2 10,0 ~10,1 ~ 9
Kietosios naudingosios iškasenos +
mineralinis vanduo
~4,3 ~4,7 ~5,0 ~5,0 5,4 5,5 6,0 ~7,0 ~8
Iš visoIš viso 39,539,5 25,825,8 58,358,3 97,897,8 109,4109,4 75,775,7 59,859,8 47,947,9 5252
LITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, TallinnLITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, Tallinn
Extraction of solid mineral resources (without oil and peat)
Oil extractionPeat extraction36
0,7
494,
8
386,
5
260
259 49
1
349
380
19628
4
3221
2317
763
650
342
190 43
8
250 26
6
230,
6
293,
3
230,
6
184
179 31
3
219
262
125
179
179
17031
7
112
241
51162
7
218122
15
0
400
800
1200
1600
2000
2400
2800
3200
1975
1985
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
metai
tūkst. t
Bendra durpių gavyba
iš jų šviesių
160,
6
212,
4
277
232
316,
5
470,
9
432,
7
382,
2
301,
8
181
216,
1
12 33 64 72 78,5
114,
5
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006 metai
tūkst.t Išžvalgyti išgaunamieji naftosištekliai
Naftos gavyba
tūkst.kub.m / thsd.cub.m
11139100509194
26345
24326
15806
70396265
49933548
47896473 6451 5638
4645
62107847
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006metaiyears
LITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, TallinnLITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, Tallinn
Amount of explored resources
LITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, TallinnLITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, Tallinn
Clay 342
2,6%
Oil 226
1,7%
Limestone8726,6%
Dolomite 1595
12,0%Peat 1932
14,5%
Gravel, sand 8330
62,6%
In total – 13297 thous.cub.m
Structure of extracted mineral resources (thous. cub.m), 2006
Structure of extracted mineral resources (thous. cub.m), 2006
LITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, TallinnLITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, Tallinn
In total – 13297 thous.cub.m (* thous.t)
Oil 226
1,9% Clay 342
2,9%
Limestone872
7,4%
Dolomite 1595
13,6%Peat 386*3,3%
Gravel, sand 8330
70,9%
LITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, TallinnLITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, Tallinn
Usually the depth of open pit mines and quarries are:– Gravel, sand, clay, peat, dolomite – 6-12 m– Limestone and opoka (gaize) – 15-20 m– Triassic clay – 50 m
The thickness of overburden rocks in all quarries range from 0,5 m up to 7-10 m
All these rocks (overbuden, useful mineral resources and tailings) are the rocks of our daily living environment, inert in chemical point of view
The groundwater level is lowered by means of self flowing or pumping up in several quarries only (peat, limestone, dolomite, opoka, rarely sand)
Usually overburden rocks and tailings are utilized for recultivation of excavated area (void)
All mineral commodities, with the exception of oil, are mined only in the open pit mines and quarries
In total – 22,2 thousand ha or 0,34In total – 22,2 thousand ha or 0,34%% of Lithuania’s territory of Lithuania’s territory
are assigned to enterprises for extraction;are assigned to enterprises for extraction;
LITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, TallinnLITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, Tallinn
In total – 13,6 thousand ha or 0,2 In total – 13,6 thousand ha or 0,2 %% of Lithuania’s territory of Lithuania’s territory are damaged by extractionare damaged by extraction
LITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, TallinnLITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, Tallinn
Peat production sites
in Lithuania, 2006
LITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, TallinnLITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, Tallinn
Peat resources in the counties
of Lithuania, 2006
Mineral resources (explored in detail and general) in the counties, 2006
LITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, TallinnLITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS. 16-20 September 2007, Tallinn