Literature Survey on Sensors and Actuators_Topic: Memristors

ECE5320 MechatronicsAssignment#01: Literature Survey on Sensors and Actuators Assignment#01: Literature Survey on Sensors and Actuators

Topic: Memristor

Prepared by:Jeremy Hubbard

Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Utah State University

E: [email protected];F: (435)797-3054 (ECE Dept.)

3/7/2008

DISCLAIMER

This device is not an actuator, but is a basic passive circuit element like a capacitor or an inductor. In the future it may be used in many actuators, but it

is still in the development phase.

03/03/09 ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

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Outline – Reference list– To probe further– Major applications– History of the memristor– Basic working principle illustrated– Describing equations– Types of memristors found– Limitations


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Reference list• Memristor-The Missing Circuit Element, Leon

O. Chua, Senior Member, IEEE, IEEE Transactions On Circuit Theory, Vol. ct-18, no. 5, September 1971

• A Note on Memristors, George F. Oster, Letters To The Editor, IEEE Transactions On Circuit Theory, January 1974

• http://www.hpl.hp.com/news/2008/apr-jun/memristor.html


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Reference list (cont)• Kriegerand, J.H.; Spitzer, S.M.: Non-traditional,

non-volatile memory based on switching and retention phenomena in polymeric thin films

• Pershin, Yuriy V; Di Ventra, Massimiliano (2008), "Spin memristive systems: Spin memory effects in semiconductor spintronics"


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To explore further

• R.Colin Johnson,“'Missing link' memristor created: Rewrite the textbooks?”, EETimes

– http://www.eetimes.com/news/latest/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=207403521

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memristor


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Major applications • Non-volatile RAM

• Neural Synapse Model

• Anything, the applications just need to be discovered


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History of the memristor• 1971- Dr. Leon O. Chua theorized the existence

of a device and labeled it the memristor, he also built a device that simulates the behavior of a memristor and wrote the defining equations.

• 1976- Leon Chua and Sung Mo Kang publish "Memristive Devices and Systems"

• 1967-2007- many papers published by many different people noting the properties of memristance but no mention is made of a memristor


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History of the memristor (cont)• 2008- Dmitri Strukov, Gregory Snider, Duncan

Stewart, and Stan Williams publish"The missing memristor found" in Nature journal, this is the first article which makes the connection between a memristor and the hysteretic switching noted by many throughout the years.

• 2008-present- Continued development and exploration of the memristor device and its associated properties.


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Basic Working PrincipleA memristor is a non-

linear resistor, a resistor whose resistance changes over time based on the amount of current that has passed through it.

PHOTO: R. Stanley Williams


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Basic Working Principle• As with a pipe example

– A resistor is like a pipe whose diameter is constant and limits the water flow through it accordingly.

– A memristor is like a pipe which has the property that if water flows through it in one direction the diameter shrinks and if it flows in the other direction it expands and once water stops flowing through it, it remains the same size until water starts flowing again.


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Describing equationsVoltage across a charge controlled memristor

vt =M q t i t 1

Where

M q ≡ d q / d q 2

Current of a flux−controlled memristor

i t =W t v t 3

Where

W ≡dq / d 4

Instantaneous power dissipatedbya memristor :

p t =v t i t =M qt [i t ]2 5


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Types of memristors found• Titanium dioxide memristor

– Doesn't use Magnetic Flux as suggested by Chua.– Uses a chemical medium which allows charge

carriers to drift based on the current through the device

– composed of a thin (50 nm) titanium dioxide film between two 5 nm thick electrodes, one Ti, the other Pt, as charge passes through the electrodes the oxygen drifts changing the resistance until the current changes direction.


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Types of memristors found (cont)• Polymeric memristor

– Similar to the TiO2 in operation

– Uses organic materials and polymers to create the memristive effect.

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=01380823


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Types of memristors found (cont)• Spin memristive

systems– Uses the spin of an

electron to more accurately model the ideal properties of a memristor.

– Semiconductor/half-metal junction is used to spin the electrons

http://physics.ucsd.edu/~diventra/Memristorpubfinal.pdf


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Limitations

As this is an extremely new technology,

the only limitation is what you make.

Documents

Literature Survey on Sensors and Actuators_Topic: Memristors