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Literary Device #1:Literary Device #1:
PLOTPLOT
The way the events are arranged.The way the events are arranged.
• Plot LinesPlot Lines
• A plot is a casual sequence of events, the "why" for the things that happen in the story.
•The plot draws the reader into the character's lives and helps the reader understand the choices that the characters make.
• A plot's structure is the way in which the story elements are arranged.
Literary Device Literary Device # 2# 2 ConflictConflict
The main The main problem problem that the that the characters characters face in a face in a storystory
InternalInternal
- Man vs. self- Man vs. self
ExternalExternal
-Man vs. manMan vs. man
-Man vs. natureMan vs. nature
-Man vs. societyMan vs. society
Literary Device # 4
DenouementDenouement
The answer to the conflict/problem…there has to be one!The answer to the conflict/problem…there has to be one!
Be specific…not just “and they lived happily ever after.”
Literary Device # 5Literary Device # 5
Point-of-ViewPoint-of-View
11stst Person Person: : Uses “I” to tell Uses “I” to tell the story. the story. The narrator can The narrator can be a character in the story.be a character in the story.
22ndnd Person Person: Not commonly used. : Not commonly used. Uses “you”. Uses “you”.
3rd Person3rd Person: : The narrator is The narrator is not a character in the story. not a character in the story.
Example: “Example: “HeHe did this.” “ did this.” “SheShe said that.”said that.”
Literary Device # 5Literary Device # 5
Point-of-View… Point-of-View… ContinuedContinued
Omniscient Omniscient (Third-Person)(Third-Person) NarratorNarrator: Can reveal thoughts : Can reveal thoughts of all characters; they are “all-of all characters; they are “all-
knowing”.knowing”.
Limited Omniscient NarratorLimited Omniscient Narrator:: Only reveals the thoughts and Only reveals the thoughts and
feelings of one (or a few) feelings of one (or a few) characterscharacters
Objective Objective (Third-Person)(Third-Person) Narrator Narrator: : Does NOT reveal anyone’s Does NOT reveal anyone’s
thoughts & provides info that a thoughts & provides info that a camera might record. (Nothing camera might record. (Nothing
internal)internal)
Imagery
includes the "mental pictures" that readers experience with a passage of literature.
Imagery is not limited to visual imagery; it also includes sound, touch, hot and cold, sound, taste, and movement.
Style Style / / ToneTone
StyleStyle: the way a writer selects & arranges the way a writer selects & arranges words to express ideas.words to express ideas.
ToneTone: the attitude of the author toward the : the attitude of the author toward the subject matter.subject matter.
theme
theme
theme
theme
THEMETHEMEWhat is a theme?What is a theme?
DefinitionDefinition: the central or dominant : the central or dominant idea of a work of fiction.idea of a work of fiction.ExampleExample: What is the : What is the
theme in theme in The Wizard The Wizard of Ozof Oz??
Possible AnswersPossible Answers: : “There’s no place like “There’s no place like
home” or Self-sufficiencyhome” or Self-sufficiency
Literary Device # 8Literary Device # 8
SettingSettingDefinitionDefinition: everything that has : everything that has to do with when & where the to do with when & where the
story takes place.story takes place.
ExampleExample: “What is the : “What is the settingsetting in in The Wizard of The Wizard of OzOz?”?”
AnswerAnswer: Emerald : Emerald City or Land of OzCity or Land of Oz
*Similes*Similes show a comparison show a comparison using “like” or “as”using “like” or “as”
““She drifted into the She drifted into the room like a cloudroom like a cloud.”.”
*Metaphors*Metaphors make a comparison and make a comparison and just states that something is just states that something is
something elsesomething else
““He is so muscular, He is so muscular, he’s a rock!”he’s a rock!”
protagonist – the leading character
antagonist – The principal character in opposition to the protagonist or hero.
antihero - main character who lacks traditional heroic qualities, such as idealism or courage.
Irony - A literary style using contrasting humor.•Situational •Dramatic•Verbal
Situational irony - a situation where the opposite happens from what was expected.
verbal irony – when what is said is the opposite of what is meant
Dramatic irony - irony in speeches or a drama that the audience understands but the characters do not understand.
Throughout most of The Lion King, Simba mopes around feeling guilty for his father’s death, unaware (as the audience is) that Scar actually killed Mufasa.
Allegory - a story, poem, or picture that reveals a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one.
Allusion - a reference in a story to a person, place, or thing in history or literature.
In The Hunchback of Notre Dame, the gargoyle Laverne tells a flock of pigeons to “Fly my pretties! Fly, Fly!” à la the Wicked Witch of the West in The Wizard of Oz.
Coming – of – age - A novel in which an kid becomes an adult through experiences in the story. They lose his or her innocence, but usually matures and strengthens.
Comedy -any play or narrative poem in which the main characters manage to have a happy ending.
Comic relief -A humorous scene, incident, character, or bit of dialogue occurring after some serious or tragic moment.
Drama - a narrative involving conflict.
Satire - a critique on religious, political, moral, or social standards through humor
exposition - background material revealed throughout the story.
flashback – a moment that interrupts the story to reveal past events--usually in the form of a character's memories, dreams, narration, or commentary
foreshadowing – information that reveals what will occur later in a story.
mood - feeling, emotional state, or disposition of mind-for the reader.
Foil - A character that highlights or emphasizes traits in another character; opposite.
motivation - the reasons behind a character's behavior
Suspense - emotional tension; keeps you on the edge