Liquids

KMT (liquids)

1. Composed of particles (close together)2. Particles have stronger attractive forces

than gas, but less than a solid3. Particles are in constant motion and move

around other particles4. Average Kinetic Energy is related to Kelvin

Temperature

Properties

• Definite volume & indefinite shape

• High density• Relatively

incompressible• Diffuse

Surface Tension• A force that pulls the particles at the

liquid’s surface together.

Capillary Action

• Attraction of a liquid to the surface of a solid

H2O Hg

Equilibrium & Phase Changes

• At Equilibrium two opposing changes occur at equal rates in a closed system

When a phase change occurs in a closed system, some molecules go back to the original state

Vapor Pressure• Some liquid particles have enough energy to escape

the liquid phase without the addition of heat (evaporation)

• Above every liquid is a layer of the gas form• Vapor pressure increases as temperature increases

Equilibrium Vapor Pressure• When the vapor pressure of a liquid

increases to the point when it equals atmospheric pressure…the liquid is at the boiling point

Boiling point depends onatmospheric pressure