Linux Solutions on OMAP3x

Jesse LienEngineering Manager

MontaVista Taiwan

Agenda

• MontaVista Mobilinux Support, Services and Ecosystem

• MontaVista and Android• MVL6: MSD, Integration Platform, and MVZ

Content Server• Project Montabello

Mobile OS Market Trends – Future is Linux• Linux as a smartphone operating system

Fastest growing OS over the next five years*Compound annual growth rate in excess of 75% by 2012*Account for 31% of all smart devices by 2012*

• Benefits:Growing ecosystem of Linux based applicationsStandardization Faster time to marketFull control via open-source

*Source: ABI Research, http://www.abiresearch.com/

"We were very aware that the growth in mobile for Linux was huge, but we didn't know it was so astronomic" - Amanda McPherson, marketing director for the Linux Foundation, told LinuxInsider.

Embedded Linux Challenges

4

Quality

Integration

Support

Hardware EnablementControl

The Linux innovation engine produces software very quickly. Commercial quality is not its objective.

Code comes from different open source projects and versions; Development tools must be integrated and bolted to a custom runtime.

Open source has grown so large it can be overwhelming. Licensing is complex and can be business unfriendly.

Embedded hardware support is incomplete and disintegrated.

Empowered by open source, companies struggle to determine which work is necessary and differentiating, and which is merely interesting.

Embedded Linux Commercialization

5

QualityDisciplined processes, intensive testing and bug fixes deliver proven quality for commercial products.

IntegrationIntegrated open source code across kernel versions, tools, toolchains, and applications.

Hardware EnablementBroad and deep device support.

ControlYou decide which work is necessary and which is merely interesting.

SupportMaintenance, documentation, training, technical support, custom engineering. Access to legal expertise with GPL, open source licenses.

MontaVista Mobilinux Support, Services, Ecosystem

Mobilinux - Core OS Benefits

Dev

elop

men

t Too

ls

Performance• realtime response• great user experience• fast boot, under 5sec• fast application startup

Footprint• small footprint• library optimization tool

Power Management• dynamic power management• application APIs

Connectivity and I/O • integrated flash support • file system integrity• encrypted file system • networking support• WiFi, Bluetooth and USB• ATA/SATA support• drive/CD/DVD connectivity

Graphics & Sound• pre-integrated graphics• pre-integrated video• complete sound framework and drivers

Security• roll-based access control • authentication framework • encrypted file system• IPSec

Debug• diagnostics• serviceability• debug

MontaVista Mobilinux

Mobilinux - Core OS Features

Dev

elop

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Performance• preempt-RT• Linux fast boot• gLibc with pre-linking• Jazelle

Footprint• µcLibc with NPTL• LOT, application/kernel XIP

Power Management• kernel DPM and App APIs

Connectivity and I/O • unionFS• eCryptFS• IPv6 • WiFi• Bluetooth• USB, USB-OTG • SDIO

Graphics & Sound• directFB• GTK• gStreamer• ALSA sound

Security• µSELinux • eCryptFS• IPSec and crypto framework

Debug• KGDB over USB • LTTng • oProfile• mPatrol

MontaVista Mobilinux

Mobilinux DPM

Quality Software Development ProcessLi

nux:

~40

M li

nes

of c

ode

Integrate Improve Verify Release

Port

Port

Port

MontaVista Linux Software Factory

Support & Sustain

• Code control

• Configure

• Build

• 1,000s bug fixes

• Real-time Linux

• Power Mgmt

• Processors

• Community Leadership

• 35,000+ tests for each build,

• Test suites (kernel config, boot, I/O, stress)

• World’s largest board farm • Docs

• Installation

• Security patches, Maintenance, long term support

Editions

Archi- tectures

LSPs

Validate: Quality Assurance Infrastructure

• Automated QA essential to developing a high quality productQA infrastructure major

investmentDaily builds tested against

each host / targetRequires large HW budget

• 35,000+ test suitesCommunity originated

MontaVista Authored• Some manual testing

E.g. Installation, tools• Section of MontaVista Board Test Farm

Quality and Integration• Mobilinux 5.0 Bug Fixes

230 total bug fixes65 kernel bug fixes24 toolchain fixes

• Mobilinux 5.0 Kernel Patches316 total patches63% are bug fixes

The data here is based on Mobilinux 5.0 as of Dec. 2007 and are specifically on Mobilinux bugs.

Note that this is IN ADDITION to over 1400 bugs that were fixed in our Professional edition which Mobilinux is based from, many of which applied to Mobilinux as well.

141

65

24

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Applications Kernel Toolchain

Bugfix, 201, 63%Integration, 37, 12%

Enhancements, 78, 25%

Mobilinux 5.0 Bug Fixes

Mobilinux 5.0 Kernel Patches

MontaVista Support & Sustain: SecuritySecurity Incident Response: Monitor Plan, Implement, Test Advise

customers

Fix QA MVZ

Customers

Fix, QA and shipin next release

LinuxForumsLinux

Forums

Debian***SecurityAlerts

Debian***SecurityAlerts

Cert.org**Cert.org**Vendor

Security List*Vendor

Security List*

MontaVistaSecurity

Team

MontaVistaSecurity

Team

CustomersCustomers

Patch statistics in MBL 5: (after release)From Jan, 2008 (release) to April, 2009 No. of security patch in Application: 76No, of security patch in Kernel: 10

Toolchain and Platform Development

• Integrated ToolchainImproved GCC, GDB, C-librariesValidated with MontaVista Linux OS

• Platform ConfigurationOS configuration and dependency

resolutionAutomated target file system

creation• Target Management

Explore target system from hostManage target system from host

Debug, Analysis and Tuning

• One click edit-compile-debug cross developmentintegrated compile, download, target debugApplication development on simulated target

• Easy-to-use analysis and tuning toolsMemory Leak DetectionSystem TracingPerformance ProfilingMemory Usage

• Choice of development philosophyIDE graphical user interfaceCommand line

MontaVista Zone

• MontaVista Zone Customer PortalTerrabyte of Embedded

Linux InformationFAQs, Tutorials, Demos

Defect trackingDistribution of patches,

product updatesInterface for standard

support

Semiconductor

Established Mobilinux Ecosystem

Java

Tools

Security / Telephony

UI/Apps Framework

Multimedia/Graphics

and others…..

Mobile Market Leadership• Market Leadership

Over 50 million handsets shipped with Mobilinux22 of 25 announced LiMo phones based on

MontaVista MobilinuxMobilinux awarded “Best Software Innovation of

the year for 2007” by EDN, awarded in April’08• Customers and Devices

Motorola mobile handsetsNEC & Panasonic – W-CDMA 3G handsets Datang Mobile (China) – Mobilinux 4.1 handsetsSeveral other projects

18

“MontaVista has a successful history of enabling differentiated products across the entire OMAP™ product family. Mobilinux 5.0 addresses real customer needs and I expect it to be the most successful yet.” - Jeff Wender, Worldwide Marketing Manager, Software Solutions, Texas Instruments

MontaVista and Android

Android Architecture

Hardware Abstraction Layer

• HAL need to be implemented to make Android work with real h/w.

• Defines the interface that Android requires hardware drivers to implement.

• Separates the Android platform logic from the hardware interface.

• Shared library need to be implemented for every supported h/w.

• Shared Library get loaded dynamically at runtime using “dlopen”dlHandle = dlopen(rilLibPath, RTLD_NOW);

Telephony (HAL)

• RIL Daemon: Initializes the Vendor RIL, processes all communication from Android telephony services, and dispatches calls to the Vendor RIL.

• Vendor RIL: Processes all communication with radio hardware and dispatches calls to the RIL Daemon (rild).

Camera (HAL)• Camera subsystem connects the camera application to the application framework and user space libraries, which in turn communicate with the camera hardware layer that operates the physical camera.

• Need to implement shared library which in turn implements interfaces defined in CameraHardwareInterface.h

Bluetooth (HAL)

• Stack uses BlueZ version 3.36 for GAP, SDP, and RFCOMM profiles

•SIG-qualified Bluetooth 2.0 host stack.

• Interacts with user-space bluez code through D-BUS

• Headset and Handsfree (v1.5) profiles are tightly coupled with the Phone App.

WiFi & GPS (HAL)

WiFi• Android uses wpa_supplicant as the platform interface to the Wi-Fi

device.

• Shared library implementing interfaces defined in wifi.h required.

GPS• Android defines a user space C abstraction interface for GPS hardware.

• Interfaces defined in gps.h need to be implemented in order to integrate real h/w.

Android Commercialization: Challenges

• Commercial Quality Linux BSP Port on the Targeted Hardware Platforms

• HAL Porting• Dynamic Power Management• Security• Multimedia support with hardware accelerator

integrated• Integrate every component with superior

performance to build a high-class commercial product

Android Porting Effort•Linux BSP Porting:

•Bootloader, Kernel, Device Driver (Flash, Wi-Fi, USB 2.0, Bluetooth, Camera, Removable Storage, Display, Keypad and buttons, GPS, Telephony Modem, Audio, Accelerometer)

•Android Middle Integration (HAL): •Hardware Graphic Acceleration, GPS, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Camera, Audio/Video CODEC, RIL

•Telephony Integration

•Feature Addition in Android Framework•Adding native library for new feature•Implementing JNI interface for new feature

•System Integration and Lab Testing•Integration of all modules and testing•Bug Fixing of system level issues

•Field and Networking Test•Bug fixing of issues during Network Testing/ Production testing

MontaVista and Android• MontaVista Support for Android

Ported Android to MV Linux for OMAP3Demo on OMAP2430 at ESC Apr 2008Demo on i.MX31at FTF June 2008Demo on OMAP3 at ET Japan in Nov 2008Mobile World Congress Barcelona Feb 2009Embedded World Nuremburg Mar 2009Press release issued

MontaVista Provides Commercial-quality Linux for Android™ platform World's most advanced mobile Linux delivers broadened hardware support and

improved time-to-market for developers of Android devices http://mvista.com/press_release_detail.php?fid=news/2008/MontaVista-Linux-for-Android.html

MontaVista and Android • MontaVista announces that Android was

ported to MontaVista Linux Commercial quality Android platform Enhanced security via commercial quality

processes, testing and security patches Faster time to market for device manufacturersCustomers can build Android-based devices/apps

across a wide variety of hardware architectures• Any changes/patches required will be made

available to MontaVista customers • Future Plans

Support on other platforms

MontaVista Value Add for Android• Mobilinux is the world’s most widely deployed Linux

operating system for mobile devices• Is the only Linux to demonstrate support of and

integration with all major Linux mobile software stacks• Is the only mobile Linux certified as being ready for

IPv6• Provides support for broad mobile device processors

from Texas Instruments and others• Was awarded "Best Software Innovation of the Year"

by EDN • Detailed understanding of Android software

architecture• Good experience of complete mobile phone product

development cycle

MVL6MSD, Integration Platform, andMVZ Content Server

Introducing MVL61) Market Specific Distributions

Unique for hardware platform and target marketSource drivenFully customizable and extensible

2) Software Development KitNew Integration PlatformCross-Development toolchainDevRocket Eclipse-based IDE

3) Zone Content ServerProvides single source binary downloadand cache

4) All fully supported by MontaVistaTechnical support, upgrades, and bug fixesExperts in Linux and Open Source technology

Market Specific Distributions (MSD)

• An MSD is a revolutionary new approach to embedded Linux development

Created uniquely for each target boardDetermined by market requirements and hardware target marketFeature compatible with semiconductor distributionSource driven productProvides extended functionality such as power optimization, real

time pre-empt, etc.• Support for all major platforms

Texas Instruments, and others• Extensible and customizable

Optimize and customize for your specific application requirements

MontaVista Integration Platform (MVIP)• New build environment provided by MontaVista

Based on BitBakeOpen, non-proprietary environment

• Target configuration managementCreate multiple versions for the same targetCreate incremental buildsCreate repeatable builds more easily

• Stores package information as metadataOpen, non-proprietary format called recipes

Analogous to RPM spec filesOutput any package format

Supports any open source recipe fileRecipes provide instructions for each stage of build

download, patch, configure, build, install, etc.

Bitbake

• Python based tool• Executes tasks to build kernel• The tasks are defined in "recipe" files contained in the

kernel and userland collections on the Content Server.• Can build host tools, cross tools and target

applications.• Can build full file system images.• It can refer local source as well as sources

downloaded from Internet locations or the MontaVista Content Server.

• All build and configuration operations can be performed with command line tools.

Bitbake – What It does?

1. Parses bitbake.conf, which pulls in all the other configuration files, producing a global datastore.

2. Parses in all available recipes and produces a task graph from the tasks which the recipes and their classes define.

3. Produces a runqueue of this task graph, indicating how the tasks will be executed in the correct order.

4. Executes the runqueue task by task.5. Can speed up runqueue by adding:

BB_NUMBER_THREADS=2 orPARALLEL_MAKE=“-j2” in local.conf, if you have multi core cpu

The Basics of a Recipe

do_fetchdo_fetch

STARTSTART

do_unpackdo_unpack

do_patchdo_patch

do_configuredo_configure

do_compiledo_compile

do_stagedo_stage

do_installdo_install

do_packagedo_package

ENDEND

A recipe is a file containing:• Non-executable metadata:

DESCRIPTIONLICENSEDEPENDSRDEPENDSWhich files to package into which

sub-packages• Executable tasks the Integration

Platform knows how to executeCan inherit custom definitions

from base classesCan override any definition

MontaVista Zone Content Server• Works with new Integration Platform• Source mirror provides single point of download

Archives can be downloaded on demand at build time. Source or binary downloadsProvides ability to do incremental builds

• Provide content in units called “collections”A set of collections are combined to build a project

• Each MSD includes a set of collectionsSome are common to all MSD’sSome are MSD or vertical specificKernelUserland

• Common base userland collection across MSDs

• Many recipes list several sites for downloadBitbake recipes use 6 different algorithms to download

sources:git: svn: cvs: http: https: ftp:

And yet – files and mirrors disappearOE doesn’t keep history recipes

• What if you need to build same image a year from now!Imagine if you do not keep the sources around!

• Reproducibility is a common problem today

Content Server Benefits

Integration Platform vs. Open EmbeddedInitial Time Savings vs. RYO

MVL6 Benefits• Spend more time developing your application

Less configuration required, get up and running faster and more efficiently

Focus on adding value, not building a target OS• Increased Flexibility

Easily create multiple targets and rebuild whenever neededLeverage the open source community in your design

• Complete Developer ToolkitCommand line or GUI, use your interface of choiceSpend fewer hours simply getting things to work

• Get the support you need, when you need itAccess the full resources of MontaVista technical support Search the Zone 24x7 for information, updates, and new code

Project Montabello A customizable solution for the MID and Automotive IVI market

Project Montebello Value PropInstant ON, Always ON, Always CONNECTED

• Rich end-user experience Instant ON, Always ON, Always Connected

Game changing user experience in a full featured device

• Fast time to market for explosive MID/IVI opportunitiesComplete customizable MID/IVI solution for OEMs and ODMs

• Enables product innovation for manufacturers OEMs can own the brand

Enables manufacturer differentiation

Project Montebello• Instant ON

Fast OS boot (2sec to splash screen, 5sec to app startup)Fast resume (500ms)Application startup (instant)

• Always ON Optimized for low power environments – ARM architecture Differentiated by battery life Battery life optimized with DPM

• Always CONNECTED Connection management (with auto VPN)Seamless roaming and handoffWiFi and worldwide 3G support Fully integrated I/O: Bluetooth, USB, SDIO

Project Montebello• Complete customizable MID system

Scalable hardware support – innovative form factors Completely integrated software stack

• Customizable UI look and behaviorUsage: consumer, enterprise, other UI: Windows style, Blackberry style, YourCompany style Internationalization – support for dozens of languages

• Rich application suite Open and Extensible Leverage extensive Linux software ecosystem Browser, email, VPN, document viewer

• Application developmentNative Linux SDK Java SDKs (near future)

Project Montebello Architecture

Window Manager - XFWM

Launcher – XFCE (GTK+)

UI Framework – XFCE (GTK+)

JavaVM(future)

Flash Adobe(future)

Security - uSELinux

PowerMgmt

MemoryMgmt

Audio(ALSA)

DisplayDirectFB

User InputVirtual Devices, BIO PAM

Keyboard SMBus

Touchpad SMBus

FingerprintReader

Host ECInterface

NetworkWWAN

USB

Appl

icat

ions

UI &

Mid

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are

Ker

nel

Driv

ers

Integration Services by MontaVista

Instant Messaging Media Player eBook Reader RSS Reader Photo Viewer

UI Customization Services by MontaVista

V2

App

s

Others TBD

I2C/SPI HW SpecificDriversROM/RAM Audio Display GPSFlash SD/MMC Watchdog

TimerBattery

OOBE Wizard Credential

Management

Email Client Novell Evolution

UI ChangesExchange Connector

Browser Firefox

ConnectionManager

(WiFi, 3G, Wired)

Option andSettingsManager

PDF Viewer evince

VPN (OpenSSL,Cisco, etc)

FW UpgradeUtility/Driver

(OTA Upgrades - future)

Office Viewer DataViz

doc,xls,ppt,xml

GPSLocation Aware

(future)

Thank You !