LINGUISTIC INFORMATION ACCOMPANYING TIBETALIA’S TIBETAN TRANSLITERATION OF THE SANSKRIT PHRASES ‘SO HAM’ and ‘PRABUDDHAASMI’ i.e. ‘I AM’ and ‘I AM AWAKE’; SHOWING

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THE THE THE THE SANSKRIT SANSKRIT SANSKRIT SANSKRIT PPPPHRASES:HRASES:HRASES:HRASES:

‘‘‘‘So'HaSo'HaSo'HaSo'Haṃṃṃṃ’ ’ ’ ’ andandandand ‘ ‘ ‘ ‘PrabuddhāsmiPrabuddhāsmiPrabuddhāsmiPrabuddhāsmi’ ’ ’ ’ (‘I AM’ and ‘I AM AWAKE’)(‘I AM’ and ‘I AM AWAKE’)(‘I AM’ and ‘I AM AWAKE’)(‘I AM’ and ‘I AM AWAKE’)

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Tibetan Uchen , Sanskrit Devanagari , Japanese Kanji ScriptTibetan Uchen , Sanskrit Devanagari , Japanese Kanji ScriptTibetan Uchen , Sanskrit Devanagari , Japanese Kanji ScriptTibetan Uchen , Sanskrit Devanagari , Japanese Kanji Script Tattoo Tattoo Tattoo Tattoo Design Design Design Design Imaging by TibetaliaImaging by TibetaliaImaging by TibetaliaImaging by Tibetalia

Japanese, Sanskrit, Tibetan Tattoo Design Images by Japanese, Sanskrit, Tibetan Tattoo Design Images by Japanese, Sanskrit, Tibetan Tattoo Design Images by Japanese, Sanskrit, Tibetan Tattoo Design Images by Mike KarmaMike KarmaMike KarmaMike Karma

Copyright © Mike Karma, since the Big Bang (or thereabouts!)




Mike Karma

‘I AM’ and ‘I AM AWAKE’ TIBETALIA eBay ITEMTIBETALIA eBay ITEMTIBETALIA eBay ITEMTIBETALIA eBay ITEM

TIBETAN TRANSLATION / TATTOO DESIGNTIBETAN TRANSLATION / TATTOO DESIGNTIBETAN TRANSLATION / TATTOO DESIGNTIBETAN TRANSLATION / TATTOO DESIGN

From MIKE KARMA <tibetan.translation AT gmail.com>

to Scott < EmailRemoved >

date Thu, Apr 30, 2009 at 12:35 PM

subject TIBETAN TRANSLATION / TATTOO DESIGN- Tibetanised Sanskrit

[N.B. If you are receiving this message AFTER your were supposed to receive a JPG image or other response from me, please check your Spam folder.][I apologise if you have received this message more than once.][It is recommended that you print this Email and read it carefully.]

Dear Scott

As promised, I am sending you the JPG / PNG images, and the PDF file, of the actual Uchen Tibetan script for the following submission:

"I am." (ENG) (SKT: so'haso'haso'haso'haṃṃṃṃ) "I am awake." (ENG) (SKT: prabuddhāsmiprabuddhāsmiprabuddhāsmiprabuddhāsmi) Since you have reported that the formatting of my Emails does not display properly on your Mac I decided to convert all my Rich-Text Emails into PDF to ensure that you experience no difficulty in viewing the information. In the process I merged all the relevant messages that I had already sent you, or was yet to send you, into one, and re-attached all the files containing the actual Tibetan designs. This means that this mail contains some of the info and/or images that you have received previously but also completely new information and/or images; in other words, this mail completely replaces all previous (preliminary) communication and all earlier versions of images. A word of clarification with respect to the content of the images: As you shall see, I have only supplied the Target Text and have not included the English meanings above (or below, or beside...) the Tibetan. This is quite deliberate and simply is the way I operate. Despite this it is not difficult to figure out what is what in the images if you read the whole Email carefully and also pay attention to the file names.




Please find attached herewith the image(s) containing the Tibetan glyphs.

For your reference, the following section provides detailed linguistic information.

Transliteration The entire source text, as above, transliterated (transcribed) into Tibetan script and then rendered in Wylie-Tibetan (viz. back-transliterated into precise Latinic transcription) would be: So&ham? prabud+d+hAsmi/

Pronunciation Phonetic transcription (based on Central-Tibetan pronunciation; all tonemes are disregarded): saw-hum prah-boo-dah-smee (The above is loosely in accordance with English Spelled Pronunciation rules and is to be pronounced the way a native English speaker would read these words, except for vowels with Umlaut, which are to be pronounced the German way, and vowels with accent marks, such as é, which are to be pronounced the French way. The IPA Pronunciation / Transcription is much more precise and can be supplied upon request. If you are not familiar with the various systems,

here is a quick example that demonstrates the drastic differences in the rendering of sounds: E.G. George | IPA Pronunciation: /dʒɔʒɔʒɔʒɔrdʒʒʒʒ/ | Spelled Pronunciation: [jawrj].)

Vocabulary Since in our present case (a transliteration from one language into another) the target text can be said to be simply a different visual representation of the source text it is appropriate to list and analyse the lexical items belonging to the source text.




All of the fully-fledged words appearing in the source text (i.e. the original Sanskrit phrases) and their entire dictionary entries are listed below, with the most pertinent meanings / senses highlighted if the entries are very long. Sometimes it is necessary to include translations from alternative sources, or manually modify the automated listings, in which case annotations are supplied in CAPITALS.

In Sanskrit, it is quite common to see completely unrelated meanings under the same entry word; if this is the case below, simply ignore the unrelated meanings.

IIII pron. ahaahaahaahaṃṃṃṃ; oft ex. by ayaṃ janaḥ (referring to persons, of any number or gender).

HeHeHeHe (THAT)(THAT)(THAT)(THAT),,,, pron. sasasasaḥḥḥḥ, eṣaḥ, asau, ayaṃ.

pppprabuddharabuddharabuddharabuddha

(H3)(H3)(H3)(H3) prapraprapra----°°°° buddhabuddhabuddhabuddha [p= [p= [p= [p= 683683683683,2] ,2] ,2] ,2] [L=135333][L=135333][L=135333][L=135333]

mfn. awakened , awake , roused , expanded , developed , opened , blown Up. MBh. &c

[L=135334][L=135334][L=135334][L=135334] come forth , appeared Vcar.

[L=135335][L=135335][L=135335][L=135335] (anything) that has begun to take effect (as a spell) Cat.

[L=135336][L=135336][L=135336][L=135336] known , understood , recognised Kap.

[L=135337][L=135337][L=135337][L=135337] enlightened , clear-sighted , clever , wise Katha1s. Hcar.

(H3B)(H3B)(H3B)(H3B) prapraprapra----°°°° buddhabuddhabuddhabuddha [L=135338] [L=135338] [L=135338] [L=135338] m. N. of a teacher BhP.

buddhabuddhabuddhabuddha

(H1)(H1)(H1)(H1) bubububuddhaddhaddhaddha [p= [p= [p= [p= 733733733733,1] ,1] ,1] ,1] [L=145559][L=145559][L=145559][L=145559]

buddhi » cols. 2 and 3.

(H2)(H2)(H2)(H2) buddhabuddhabuddhabuddha [p= [p= [p= [p= 733733733733,2] ,2] ,2] ,2]

[L=145570][L=145570][L=145570][L=145570]

mfn. awakened , awake MBh.

[L=145571][L=145571][L=145571][L=145571] expanded , blown Sa1mavBr.

[L=145572][L=145572][L=145572][L=145572] conscious , intelligent , clever , wise (opp. to mūḍha) MBh. Ka1v. &c

[L=145573][L=145573][L=145573][L=145573] learnt , known , understood A1past. MBh. (" by " , usually instr. , but also gen. according to Pa1n2. 2-2 , 12 ; 3 , 67 Sch.)

(H2B)(H2B)(H2B)(H2B) buddhabuddhabuddhabuddha [L=145574] [L=145574] [L=145574] [L=145574] m. a wise or learned man , sage W.




(H2B)(H2B)(H2B)(H2B) buddhabuddhabuddhabuddha [L=14557[L=14557[L=14557[L=145575]5]5]5]

m. (with Buddhists) a fully enlightened man who has achieved perfect knowledge of the truth and thereby is liberated from all existence and before his own attainment of nirvāṇa reveals the method of obtaining it , (esp.) the principal buddha of the present age (born at kapila-vastu about the year 500 B.C. his father , śuddhodana , of the śākya tribe or family , being the rāja of that district , and his mother , māyā-devī , being the daughter of rāja su-prabuddha MWB. 19 &c ; hence he belonged to the kṣatriya caste and his original name śākya-muni or śākya-siṃha was really his family name , while

that of gautama was taken from the race to which his family belonged ; for his other names » ib. 23 ; he is said to have died when he was 80 years of age , prob. about 420 B.C. ib. 49 n. 1 ; he was preceded by 3 mythical buddhas of the present kalpa , or by 24 , reckoning previous kalpa , or according to others by 6 principal buddhas ib. 136 ; sometimes he is regarded as the 9th incarnation of viṣṇu Hariv. Ka1v. Var. &c )

(H2B)(H2B)(H2B)(H2B) buddhabuddhabuddhabuddha [L=145576][L=145576][L=145576][L=145576]

asmiasmiasmiasmi

(H1)(H1)(H1)(H1) asmiasmiasmiasmi [p= [p= [p= [p= 123123123123,2] [L=21521],2] [L=21521],2] [L=21521],2] [L=21521] ( ( ( (IIII) am ) am ) am ) am

Transliteration / Meaning / Style 1) Let me begin this section by pointing out that what you have commissioned me to do was to transliterate – and not translate – 2 pieces of Sanskrit text into Tibetan, or, to be technically correct, into Tibetanised Sanskrit.

The expression Tibetanised Sanskrit denotes Sanskrit words written in Tibetan characters / graphemes / glyphs / letters, just like, e.g., Zhivago is a Russian name written in English letters, and hence can be called Anglicised Russian. There is a common misconception that there is something called Tibetan Sanskrit, but rest assured that there is no language called Tibetan Sanskrit, just like there is no English Russian.

Thus, what you have received as image and PDF files are clusters of graphemes (characters) belonging to the Tibetan Uchen (headed) script, but representing Sanskrit phonemes (sounds); in other words, you have received a target text that is an Uchen Tibetan transLITERAtion of the Sanskrit source text.




2) As you will recall, your initial request was concerned with the verification of the content of 2 images you had obtained elsewhere, and as I have already mentioned, you were correct in your suspicion that the Tibetan target text you had paid for would not have served your purposes.

(Unlike the present commission, those 2 images you had obtained elsewhere contained translations, and not transliterations, into Tibetan from Sanskrit; as will be shown later, the 2 source items are virtually untranslatable, hence my advice to you to opt for transliterations, and not translations.)

It appears that the translation was not done by a (near-) native Tibetan speaker, or might have been done by a person who did not fully understand the English original, or by a person who is not familiar with Buddhism/Hinduism at all, and I can more or less guess (from the typeface of the text and the general style of translation) where you have obtained it. Alas!

Both pieces of target text are inadequate as they are literal translations of your source text that do not convey the meaning / context which you had intended them to convey, and you have actually already very neatly summed up the main reasons in your previous mails. You said:

One of them is One of them is One of them is One of them is “I am awake”“I am awake”“I am awake”“I am awake” ---- contextually, I wanted this to mean the same contextually, I wanted this to mean the same contextually, I wanted this to mean the same contextually, I wanted this to mean the same as the as the as the as the famous quote attributed to The Buddha when he was walking back form the Bodhi famous quote attributed to The Buddha when he was walking back form the Bodhi famous quote attributed to The Buddha when he was walking back form the Bodhi famous quote attributed to The Buddha when he was walking back form the Bodhi tree and a man asked him if he was a man or a god. The Buddha replied, “I am tree and a man asked him if he was a man or a god. The Buddha replied, “I am tree and a man asked him if he was a man or a god. The Buddha replied, “I am tree and a man asked him if he was a man or a god. The Buddha replied, “I am awake.” Obviously, the Buddha awake.” Obviously, the Buddha awake.” Obviously, the Buddha awake.” Obviously, the Buddha did not mean that he was just sleepingdid not mean that he was just sleepingdid not mean that he was just sleepingdid not mean that he was just sleeping moments moments moments moments before.before.before.before.

Quite so. The translation you have received conveys the meaning of “I am awake” by using a colloquial expression that could roughly be back-translated as “I have terminated sleep” and certainly does not convey Sakyamuni’s meaning well.

The other one is “I Am.” The other one is “I Am.” The other one is “I Am.” The other one is “I Am.” ThThThThe same idea as the mantra “so’ham” in some traditions: I e same idea as the mantra “so’ham” in some traditions: I e same idea as the mantra “so’ham” in some traditions: I e same idea as the mantra “so’ham” in some traditions: I am, I exist, I am god, I myself, It is I, etc. am, I exist, I am god, I myself, It is I, etc. am, I exist, I am god, I myself, It is I, etc. am, I exist, I am god, I myself, It is I, etc. ---- an expression of one's luminosity, an expression of one's luminosity, an expression of one's luminosity, an expression of one's luminosity, expansiveness, Presentexpansiveness, Presentexpansiveness, Presentexpansiveness, Present----ness, etc. ness, etc. ness, etc. ness, etc. ---- but NOT simply I am... as a preface for some but NOT simply I am... as a preface for some but NOT simply I am... as a preface for some but NOT simply I am... as a preface for some adjective (I am tall, I am Americaadjective (I am tall, I am Americaadjective (I am tall, I am Americaadjective (I am tall, I am American, I am mad, etc.).n, I am mad, etc.).n, I am mad, etc.).n, I am mad, etc.).

Again, the translation you have received from the other agency is erroneous in many respects, for example, it is based on the English translations of the original Sanskrit, and contains a verb akin to the English am, ignoring altogether the fact that – surprise surprise – there is no such verb in the Sanskrit original!

More on this later.

In brief, the translated phrases can easily be misapprehended to mean something completely trivial and worldly.




3) Elaborating on what has just been said, let me explain more fully why the 2 source items are virtually untranslatable: Regarding the first, "I am awake." (SKT:

prabuddhāsmiprabuddhāsmiprabuddhāsmiprabuddhāsmi), this source text, to the surprise of many, will not translate the way

one would expect it to, the main reason being the fact that the Sanskrit word buddha and the word that Tibetans use for ’buddha’ are etymologically very different.

Let me quote here a passage that (partially) explains why:

(Source: http://argumentativeindians.blogspot.com/2008/05/buddh-goes-global.html)

The traditional etymolThe traditional etymolThe traditional etymolThe traditional etymology of ogy of ogy of ogy of sangssangssangssangs rgyasrgyasrgyasrgyas is worth noting, exactly is worth noting, exactly is worth noting, exactly is worth noting, exactly because it is a nonbecause it is a nonbecause it is a nonbecause it is a non----obvious rendering of "buddha." like many Tibetan obvious rendering of "buddha." like many Tibetan obvious rendering of "buddha." like many Tibetan obvious rendering of "buddha." like many Tibetan renderings of sanskrit terms, it aims for (what was conceived to be, c. renderings of sanskrit terms, it aims for (what was conceived to be, c. renderings of sanskrit terms, it aims for (what was conceived to be, c. renderings of sanskrit terms, it aims for (what was conceived to be, c. 750 CE) the sense rather than the literal meaning of the word. THDL 750 CE) the sense rather than the literal meaning of the word. THDL 750 CE) the sense rather than the literal meaning of the word. THDL 750 CE) the sense rather than the literal meaning of the word. THDL gloglogloglosses "sses "sses "sses "sangssangssangssangs" as: "wiped out, cleansed, purified, awakened, free from." it " as: "wiped out, cleansed, purified, awakened, free from." it " as: "wiped out, cleansed, purified, awakened, free from." it " as: "wiped out, cleansed, purified, awakened, free from." it may or may not be related to "sang" may or may not be related to "sang" may or may not be related to "sang" may or may not be related to "sang" ---- recover OR remove. " recover OR remove. " recover OR remove. " recover OR remove. "rgyasrgyasrgyasrgyas" is a " is a " is a " is a very common word in classical Tibetan meaning "increase." The Buddha very common word in classical Tibetan meaning "increase." The Buddha very common word in classical Tibetan meaning "increase." The Buddha very common word in classical Tibetan meaning "increase." The Buddha is one who has is one who has is one who has is one who has sangssangssangssangs'd (ie, removed) all th'd (ie, removed) all th'd (ie, removed) all th'd (ie, removed) all that is to be removed, and at is to be removed, and at is to be removed, and at is to be removed, and rgyasrgyasrgyasrgyas'd (ie, increased, produced) all that must be produced. the definition 'd (ie, increased, produced) all that must be produced. the definition 'd (ie, increased, produced) all that must be produced. the definition 'd (ie, increased, produced) all that must be produced. the definition is just endemically mahayana; the first syllable signifies the is just endemically mahayana; the first syllable signifies the is just endemically mahayana; the first syllable signifies the is just endemically mahayana; the first syllable signifies the purification of obscurations to [liberation], the second obscurations to purification of obscurations to [liberation], the second obscurations to purification of obscurations to [liberation], the second obscurations to purification of obscurations to [liberation], the second obscurations to omniscience. likewiomniscience. likewiomniscience. likewiomniscience. likewise, the first refers to removing defilements, the second se, the first refers to removing defilements, the second se, the first refers to removing defilements, the second se, the first refers to removing defilements, the second to accumulating the... well, the accumulations [of merit].to accumulating the... well, the accumulations [of merit].to accumulating the... well, the accumulations [of merit].to accumulating the... well, the accumulations [of merit].

In other words, "Sangs rGyas", the Tibetan word for Buddha, does not really connote "awake", hence using it to translate your source text would produce a Tibetan target text that would have the connotations as in the above citation, and not that of "awake". Alternatively, it would be necessary to use a completely different Tibetan word meaning "awake" but unfortunately not having the meaning of "buddha".

4) Regarding the second item, "I am." (SKT: so'haso'haso'haso'haṃṃṃṃ): Soham in mystical interpretations suggests the identification or dissolution of the Ego with the "Other": "That I Am", "I Am That"... When the "I" merges with the "That", the ego of the "I" identity merges with the Other, who is God to some, Ultimate Reality to others... but mystical interpretations aside, in purely linguistic terms, what is surprising to many is that despite the fact that English translations of

so'haso'haso'haso'haṃṃṃṃ tend to include verbs such as am, the most peculiar feature of the phrase so'haso'haso'haso'haṃṃṃṃ is that it is in fact the sandhi form of sasasasaḥḥḥḥ + + + + ahaahaahaahaṃṃṃṃ, i.e. the nominatives of the

3rd and 1st person singular pronouns; consequently in a literal reading, the phrase simply means "That - I" or "He - I".




Obviously the other translator was not aware of these facts at all, their translation is erroneous as it is based on the English translation of the original Sanskrit, and contains a verb akin to the English am, though there is no verb at all in the Sanskrit original!

Even if we suppose, for the sake of the argument, that there was a verb akin to the English am in the Sanskrit, there would be a difficulty in translating it into Tibetan because Tibetan has several verbs that can be translated as "to be" or "to have" which appear in two classes corresponding to and performing the functions of the English "to be":

Copulas in the first class are essential, meaning that they denote an essential quality of the noun / object. Copulas in the second class are existential, meaning that it expresses the existence of a phenomenon. The difference between essential and existential copulas is similar to that of the verbs "estar" and "ser" in the Spanish language.

The Essential Copulas class’ main representative is "yin" (usually used as a linking verb, to connect subject with object / predicate / quality, just like in your example I I I I am tallam tallam tallam tall,), and the Exisential Copulas’ main representative is "yod" (usually used to

denote the existence of something in time / space, as in Today I am in Tokyo.Today I am in Tokyo.Today I am in Tokyo.Today I am in Tokyo.).

If we say that the 2 elements of sasasasaḥḥḥḥ + + + + ahaahaahaahaṃṃṃṃ are Subject and Object (or perhaps the

other way around, it is hard to say with this sort of text!) then it follows that the Essential Copula "yin" should be used to connect them. Where the other translator has gone wrong again is that although he has used "yin", he wrote simply "Nga yin." ("It is I", "It’s me"), which, although it seems correct, is what one would say when identifying oneself when knocking on the door, or on the telephone, but certainly not to convey the meaning of Soham. If you had submitted to them "I Am That" instead of just "I Am" they would probably have produced a slightly better translation, but still not satisfactory, because they would not have taken the original Sanskrit into account. Let us not forget that much of what has been said in the last few paragraphs was

hypothetical! The fact is that there is no verb in so'haso'haso'haso'haṃṃṃṃ and since it is meant to be a

mantra, rather than a functional and syntactically correct sentence, it is at liberty to follow its own rules, such as dispensing altogether with copulas. Such peculiarities, however, pose tremendous difficulties for the translator, and it is therefore wiser to transliterate rather than translate.

5) Unlike so'haso'haso'haso'haṃṃṃṃ, prabuddhāsmiprabuddhāsmiprabuddhāsmiprabuddhāsmi can be said to be a functional and syntactically

correct sentence, and since it is quite short, its main characteristics and the general „atmosphere“ of it (whether in Sanskrit or in the Tibetanised form) can easily be




discerned simply by studying the individual words in the Vocabulary section directly above and hence no further comment regarding translation issues is needed here. (When it comes to word-order, it may seem to a non-linguist that Sanskrit/Tibetan are completely upside-down! This is simply owing to the fact that Sanskrit and Tibetan, in terms of their syntax, tend to have an unusual word-order as they are SOV languages, although, in terms of the script, they are written Left > Right.)

6) In terms of style and aesthetics - the target text is essentially Sanskrit words written in Uchen Tibetan script, realised using a rather modern-looking font, and arranged horizontally. I have included an extra design for you - it is to be found only in the PDF format, containing so&ham? in a classical-looking font. The other item (prabud+d+hAsmi/) has too complex a stacking pattern for the classical font to render it correctly.

As you are aware one of the prominent features of the Tibetan script are the syllable-separating dots. When writing Tibetan lexical items the dots are obligatory. When using the Tibetan script to record foreign words and names, however, it is permissible or even desirable to omit the dots. The absence of the dots gives a "Sanskrit-style" impression, because traditionally it was Sanskrit that would be transliterated in this manner; the inclusion of dots, on the other hand, gives the text an unmistakably "Tibetan flair".

The PDF File The PDF is an exceedingly useful format as it contains vector-defined text which can be easily reduced / enlarged and printed without any distortion or loss of quality. However, text bent into a circle or spiral unfortunately cannot be supplied in this format.

The content of your PDF file is as follows:

(For your convenience, I have provided 2 different styles for so&ham?):

PDF whose name ends in: -4st-so-ham-JL-font-UNp-unL-.pdf

Page 1:

Line 1 = Target text so&ham? in the Uchen Tibetan script, in a classical-looking font, arranged horizontally ;




PDF whose name ends in: -4st-so-ham-TMU-font-UNp-unL-.pdf

Page 1:

Line 1 = Target text so’ham? in the Uchen Tibetan script, in a modern-looking font, arranged horizontally

PDF whose name ends in: -4st-prabud-d-haasmi-TMU-font-UNp-unL-.pdf

Page 1:

Line 1 = Target text prabud+d+hAsmi/ in the Uchen Tibetan script, in a modern-looking font, arranged horizontally;

Images Please find the images of the actual Tibetan glyphs attached - in two formats, PSD and PNG. The content of the images is as follows:

Image whose name ends in: -4st-so-ham-TMU-font-UNp-unL-.png

Line1 = Target text so’ham? in the Uchen Tibetan script, in a modern-looking font, arranged horizontally

Image whose name ends in: -4st-prabud-d-haasmi-TMU-font-UNp-unL-.png

Line 1 = Target text prabud+d+hAsmi/ in the Uchen Tibetan script, in a modern-looking font, arranged horizontally;

Raster image formats such as JPG or PNG tend to become distorted at different zoom levels so please be sure to view and print them at an appropriate magnification. However, since you have ordered a .pdf you likely will not use the JPG's / PNG's much (except to verify that the text in the PDF is displayed correctly).




Please read this important note which explains how the two file-types are to be used:

The main purpose of the JPGThe main purpose of the JPGThe main purpose of the JPGThe main purpose of the JPG/PNG/PNG/PNG/PNG format is to convey the Tibetan script text to format is to convey the Tibetan script text to format is to convey the Tibetan script text to format is to convey the Tibetan script text to a customer a customer a customer a customer (who is not literate in Tibetan) as an image that is 100% certain to display correctly on any (who is not literate in Tibetan) as an image that is 100% certain to display correctly on any (who is not literate in Tibetan) as an image that is 100% certain to display correctly on any (who is not literate in Tibetan) as an image that is 100% certain to display correctly on any computer. Unfortunately, viewing and printing the minutest details of the script while computer. Unfortunately, viewing and printing the minutest details of the script while computer. Unfortunately, viewing and printing the minutest details of the script while computer. Unfortunately, viewing and printing the minutest details of the script while retaining the retaining the retaining the retaining the highhighhighhigh----definition qualitydefinition qualitydefinition qualitydefinition quality is simply not possible wit is simply not possible wit is simply not possible wit is simply not possible with images. One major h images. One major h images. One major h images. One major advantage PDF's have over images is that they advantage PDF's have over images is that they advantage PDF's have over images is that they advantage PDF's have over images is that they print much betterprint much betterprint much betterprint much better. Moreover, even when text is . Moreover, even when text is . Moreover, even when text is . Moreover, even when text is magnified, the edges of the graphemes do not become jagged magnified, the edges of the graphemes do not become jagged magnified, the edges of the graphemes do not become jagged magnified, the edges of the graphemes do not become jagged at all.at all.at all.at all.

Thus, owing to this particular PDF advantage which enables tattoo artists toThus, owing to this particular PDF advantage which enables tattoo artists toThus, owing to this particular PDF advantage which enables tattoo artists toThus, owing to this particular PDF advantage which enables tattoo artists to work off work off work off work off enlarged enlarged enlarged enlarged printoutsprintoutsprintoutsprintouts, I now offer the option to generate PDFs for more demanding customers. Having , I now offer the option to generate PDFs for more demanding customers. Having , I now offer the option to generate PDFs for more demanding customers. Having , I now offer the option to generate PDFs for more demanding customers. Having received a PDF as well as a JPGreceived a PDF as well as a JPGreceived a PDF as well as a JPGreceived a PDF as well as a JPG/PNG/PNG/PNG/PNG, please remember: Images are the , please remember: Images are the , please remember: Images are the , please remember: Images are the basicbasicbasicbasic format; they enable format; they enable format; they enable format; they enable you to verify whether the PDF is displaying Tibetan you to verify whether the PDF is displaying Tibetan you to verify whether the PDF is displaying Tibetan you to verify whether the PDF is displaying Tibetan cocococorrectlyrrectlyrrectlyrrectly on your computer. If there is no on your computer. If there is no on your computer. If there is no on your computer. If there is no problem with the rendering of the Tibetan script, the PDF's are a very useful format that will problem with the rendering of the Tibetan script, the PDF's are a very useful format that will problem with the rendering of the Tibetan script, the PDF's are a very useful format that will problem with the rendering of the Tibetan script, the PDF's are a very useful format that will complement the images, and can be used for advanced printing, or to generate new imacomplement the images, and can be used for advanced printing, or to generate new imacomplement the images, and can be used for advanced printing, or to generate new imacomplement the images, and can be used for advanced printing, or to generate new images ges ges ges using Photoshop, GIMP, etc.using Photoshop, GIMP, etc.using Photoshop, GIMP, etc.using Photoshop, GIMP, etc.

PleaPleaPleaPlease peruse the se peruse the se peruse the se peruse the JPG vs. PDFJPG vs. PDFJPG vs. PDFJPG vs. PDF file to learn how to take advantage of your PDF file file to learn how to take advantage of your PDF file file to learn how to take advantage of your PDF file file to learn how to take advantage of your PDF file. (http://tibetantranslation.bravehost.com/tibetan_text/pdf/JPG-vs-PDF-Tibetan-Uchen-Script-Tattoo-Design-Images-by-Tibetalia-Tibetan-Tattoos-by-Mike-Karma-.pdf)

The Actual Tattoo A word of advice to the tattooist: Please try to reproduce the shape of the graphemes faithfully, paying particular attention to the width of the strokes (lines): if the line is thin on paper, it should be thin on the skin, too; and if the line is thick on paper, it should be thick on the skin, too. This may be a bit difficult if the tattoo is intended to be relatively small, and the tattooist is working off a small image. It is therefore important for the tattooist to study a larger image where all the details are clearly visible as well. The photos on my Website show a tattoo that was executed quite well although the graphemes are rather small. There is, however, what some would consider a very slight fault in that tattoo which may be relatively easy to avoid: there are unnecessary gaps between strokes, i.e. at the junctures where the individual strokes are supposed to meet. It is, of course, possible that some people would actually prefer the gaps and deliberately have the graphemes executed in that particular manner, and there is nothing wrong with that. Generally, however, there should be no such gaps. Again, the "as on paper, so on skin" rule applies. Please let me know in case there are any uncertainties. Best Regards,




http://tibetantranslation.bravehost.com/ http://tibetalia.translatorscafe.com http://www.proz.com/translator/756388

TIBETALIA Tibetan Translation Terms:

Translations of up to 10 words into Tibetan cost 8 EUR, translations of 10-100 words cost 20 EUR. For translations of over 100 words where only a file containing text displayed through standard Tibetan fonts and no JPG image is required please refer to my rates on http://www.proz.com/translator/756388

Special rates apply for transliterations of personal names into Tibetan or Tibetanised Sanskrit.

A surcharge, typically around 8 EUR, will be added if any design that goes beyond supplying an image of standard Tibetan fonts is required and/or if the client requires a consultation as to what target text exactly he or she needs. There is a small surcharge of 2 EUR for additional file formats such as .psd, .pdf etc.

Physical persons whose identity cannot be confirmed are required to pay in advance, in full. PayPal, Moneybookers, Wire, and other methods are accepted.

This message is UTF-8 encoded.




NOTE: THE FILE YOU ARE READING IS A PDF / iPAPER VERSION OF THE ORIGINAL EMAILS AND CONTAINS ONLY THE LINGUISTIC INFORMATION PERTAINING TO TIBETALIA’S TRANSLITERATION OF THE SANSKRIT PHRASES ‘I AM’ and ‘I AM AWAKE’ INTO TIBETAN. THE ACTUAL TRANSLITERATION REALISED AS TIBETAN UCHEN TEXT DESIGNS IN .png AND .pdf FILE FORMATS CAN BE FOUND ATTACHED TO THE SAME EMAIL AS THE PRESENT FILE.

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http://tibetantranslation.bravehost.com/

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Tibetan Uchen , Sanskrit Devanagari , Japanese Kanji ScriptTibetan Uchen , Sanskrit Devanagari , Japanese Kanji ScriptTibetan Uchen , Sanskrit Devanagari , Japanese Kanji ScriptTibetan Uchen , Sanskrit Devanagari , Japanese Kanji Script Tattoo DesignTattoo DesignTattoo DesignTattoo Design Imaging by TibetaliaImaging by TibetaliaImaging by TibetaliaImaging by Tibetalia

Japanese, SanJapanese, SanJapanese, SanJapanese, Sanskrit, Tibetan Tattoo Design Images by skrit, Tibetan Tattoo Design Images by skrit, Tibetan Tattoo Design Images by skrit, Tibetan Tattoo Design Images by Mike KarmaMike KarmaMike KarmaMike Karma

Copyright © Mike Karma, since the Big Bang (or thereabouts!)




KEYWORDS:KEYWORDS:KEYWORDS:KEYWORDS:

LINGUISTIC-INFO-FOR-TIBETAN-TRANS-LITERA-TION-FROM- SANSKRIT-OF-PHRASES-SO-HAM-and-PRABUDDHAASMI-I-AM-and-I-AM-AWAKE -Tibetalia-Tibetan-Tattoo-

Design-Uchen-Script-Images-by-Mike-Karma-4eBay-phra se-transcription-conversion-into-tibetan---

LINGUISTIC INFORMATION TO ACCOMPANY TIBETALIA’S TIBETAN TRANSLITERATION OF LINGUISTIC INFORMATION TO ACCOMPANY TIBETALIA’S TIBETAN TRANSLITERATION OF LINGUISTIC INFORMATION TO ACCOMPANY TIBETALIA’S TIBETAN TRANSLITERATION OF LINGUISTIC INFORMATION TO ACCOMPANY TIBETALIA’S TIBETAN TRANSLITERATION OF

THE SANSKRIT PHRASES ‘THE SANSKRIT PHRASES ‘THE SANSKRIT PHRASES ‘THE SANSKRIT PHRASES ‘So'HaSo'HaSo'HaSo'Haṃṃṃṃ’ and ‘’ and ‘’ and ‘’ and ‘PRABUDDHĀSMIPRABUDDHĀSMIPRABUDDHĀSMIPRABUDDHĀSMI’ i.e.’ i.e.’ i.e.’ i.e. ‘I AM’ and ‘I AM AWAKE’ ‘I AM’ and ‘I AM AWAKE’ ‘I AM’ and ‘I AM AWAKE’ ‘I AM’ and ‘I AM AWAKE’; ; ; ; SHOWING HOW SANSKRIT SOURCE TEXT IS TRANSCRIBED FROM SANSKRIT AND SHOWING HOW SANSKRIT SOURCE TEXT IS TRANSCRIBED FROM SANSKRIT AND SHOWING HOW SANSKRIT SOURCE TEXT IS TRANSCRIBED FROM SANSKRIT AND SHOWING HOW SANSKRIT SOURCE TEXT IS TRANSCRIBED FROM SANSKRIT AND

CONVERTED INTO TIBETAN TARGET TEXT REALISED AS HORIZONTALLY ARRANGED UCHEN CONVERTED INTO TIBETAN TARGET TEXT REALISED AS HORIZONTALLY ARRANGED UCHEN CONVERTED INTO TIBETAN TARGET TEXT REALISED AS HORIZONTALLY ARRANGED UCHEN CONVERTED INTO TIBETAN TARGET TEXT REALISED AS HORIZONTALLY ARRANGED UCHEN (HEADED) SCRIPT DESIGN;(HEADED) SCRIPT DESIGN;(HEADED) SCRIPT DESIGN;(HEADED) SCRIPT DESIGN;

TRANSLITERATION OF SANSKRIT INTO TIBETATRANSLITERATION OF SANSKRIT INTO TIBETATRANSLITERATION OF SANSKRIT INTO TIBETATRANSLITERATION OF SANSKRIT INTO TIBETAN, TIBETAN TRANSLITERATION OF N, TIBETAN TRANSLITERATION OF N, TIBETAN TRANSLITERATION OF N, TIBETAN TRANSLITERATION OF SANSKRIT, TIBETAN LANGUAGE TATTOO, TIBETAN TATTOO, TIBETAN TRANSLATION, , SANSKRIT, TIBETAN LANGUAGE TATTOO, TIBETAN TATTOO, TIBETAN TRANSLATION, , SANSKRIT, TIBETAN LANGUAGE TATTOO, TIBETAN TATTOO, TIBETAN TRANSLATION, , SANSKRIT, TIBETAN LANGUAGE TATTOO, TIBETAN TATTOO, TIBETAN TRANSLATION, , Sanskrit & Tibetan Tattoos, Sanskrit & Tibetan Tattoo Designs, Uchen Tibetan Script, Sanskrit & Sanskrit & Tibetan Tattoos, Sanskrit & Tibetan Tattoo Designs, Uchen Tibetan Script, Sanskrit & Sanskrit & Tibetan Tattoos, Sanskrit & Tibetan Tattoo Designs, Uchen Tibetan Script, Sanskrit & Sanskrit & Tibetan Tattoos, Sanskrit & Tibetan Tattoo Designs, Uchen Tibetan Script, Sanskrit & Tibetan Script Tattoos, Sanskrit Name.Phrase.Sentence.PrTibetan Script Tattoos, Sanskrit Name.Phrase.Sentence.PrTibetan Script Tattoos, Sanskrit Name.Phrase.Sentence.PrTibetan Script Tattoos, Sanskrit Name.Phrase.Sentence.Proverb Transliteration & Conversion into overb Transliteration & Conversion into overb Transliteration & Conversion into overb Transliteration & Conversion into Tibetan UTibetan UTibetan UTibetan U----chen Script, Sanskrit Tattoo Design Images, Images by Tibetalia, Tibetalia Imaging, chen Script, Sanskrit Tattoo Design Images, Images by Tibetalia, Tibetalia Imaging, chen Script, Sanskrit Tattoo Design Images, Images by Tibetalia, Tibetalia Imaging, chen Script, Sanskrit Tattoo Design Images, Images by Tibetalia, Tibetalia Imaging, Sanskrit & Tibetan Tattoos, Tattoo Designs by Mike Karma, Sanskrit & Tibetan Name Tattoos, Sanskrit & Tibetan Tattoos, Tattoo Designs by Mike Karma, Sanskrit & Tibetan Name Tattoos, Sanskrit & Tibetan Tattoos, Tattoo Designs by Mike Karma, Sanskrit & Tibetan Name Tattoos, Sanskrit & Tibetan Tattoos, Tattoo Designs by Mike Karma, Sanskrit & Tibetan Name Tattoos,

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Design;Design;Design;Design; ---- tibet, tibtan, tibetian, ti tibet, tibtan, tibetian, ti tibet, tibtan, tibetian, ti tibet, tibtan, tibetian, tibtian, tibbat, tongue, tib, bo, bod, bodic, bhodic, india, ancient indian, sanskreet, btian, tibbat, tongue, tib, bo, bod, bodic, bhodic, india, ancient indian, sanskreet, btian, tibbat, tongue, tib, bo, bod, bodic, bhodic, india, ancient indian, sanskreet, btian, tibbat, tongue, tib, bo, bod, bodic, bhodic, india, ancient indian, sanskreet,

sanscrit, sanskrt, skt, san, sa, tongue, japan japnese, japanees, jap, jp, ja, tongue,sanscrit, sanskrt, skt, san, sa, tongue, japan japnese, japanees, jap, jp, ja, tongue,sanscrit, sanskrt, skt, san, sa, tongue, japan japnese, japanees, jap, jp, ja, tongue,sanscrit, sanskrt, skt, san, sa, tongue, japan japnese, japanees, jap, jp, ja, tongue, ---- flash tattoo, flashtattoo, tattooflash, tattoo flash, flash tattoo, flashtattoo, tattooflash, tattoo flash, flash tattoo, flashtattoo, tattooflash, tattoo flash, flash tattoo, flashtattoo, tattooflash, tattoo flash,

---- Keywords in Spanish, Germ Keywords in Spanish, Germ Keywords in Spanish, Germ Keywords in Spanish, German, French, Dutch, tatouage tibetaine, tibetische tätowierung, tatuaje an, French, Dutch, tatouage tibetaine, tibetische tätowierung, tatuaje an, French, Dutch, tatouage tibetaine, tibetische tätowierung, tatuaje an, French, Dutch, tatouage tibetaine, tibetische tätowierung, tatuaje tibetano, tibetaanse tatoeages, tibetano, tibetaanse tatoeages, tibetano, tibetaanse tatoeages, tibetano, tibetaanse tatoeages, ---- tatouage sanskrit tatouage sanskrit tatouage sanskrit tatouage sanskrit, , , , sanskritische tätowierung, tatuaje sanscrito, sanskriet sanskritische tätowierung, tatuaje sanscrito, sanskriet sanskritische tätowierung, tatuaje sanscrito, sanskriet sanskritische tätowierung, tatuaje sanscrito, sanskriet

tatoeages.tatoeages.tatoeages.tatoeages.

---- SANSKRIT TATTOO, SANSKRIT TRANSLATION, SANSKRIT TATTOO, SANSKRIT TRANSLATION, SANSKRIT TATTOO, SANSKRIT TRANSLATION, SANSKRIT TATTOO, SANSKRIT TRANSLATION, SAMSKRUTAMSAMSKRUTAMSAMSKRUTAMSAMSKRUTAM,

sasasasaṃṃṃṃskskskskṛṛṛṛtamtamtamtam,,,, Devanāgarī, Nagari, Nāgarī, Devnagri, Devanaagarii, [ Devanāgarī, Nagari, Nāgarī, Devnagri, Devanaagarii, [ Devanāgarī, Nagari, Nāgarī, Devnagri, Devanaagarii, [ Devanāgarī, Nagari, Nāgarī, Devnagri, Devanaagarii, [ˌdeˌdeˌdeˌdeːvːvːvːvəəəəˈ̍̍̍nnnnɑɑɑɑːːːːɡɡɡɡəriəriəriəriː];ː];ː];ː];

�ः��ः��ः��ः�� , �ः��ः��ः��ः�� , �ः��ः��ः��ः�� , �� , ��

---- JAPANESE TATTOO, JAPANESE TRANSLATION, Irezumi, Shisei, Sisei, Bunshin, Bunsin, Gei, JAPANESE TATTOO, JAPANESE TRANSLATION, Irezumi, Shisei, Sisei, Bunshin, Bunsin, Gei, JAPANESE TATTOO, JAPANESE TRANSLATION, Irezumi, Shisei, Sisei, Bunshin, Bunsin, Gei, JAPANESE TATTOO, JAPANESE TRANSLATION, Irezumi, Shisei, Sisei, Bunshin, Bunsin, Gei, Horimono, Chibetan Tatou,Horimono, Chibetan Tatou,Horimono, Chibetan Tatou,Horimono, Chibetan Tatou,

チベタンタトゥーチベタンタトゥーチベタンタトゥーチベタンタトゥー,,,,チベチベチベチベットットットット語語語語ででででタトゥータトゥータトゥータトゥー,,,,日本人名日本人名日本人名日本人名、、、、チベットチベットチベットチベット名名名名、、、、音訳音訳音訳音訳,,,,入墨入墨入墨入墨,,,,剳青剳青剳青剳青,,,,

文身文身文身文身,,,,黥黥黥黥,,,,刺青刺青刺青刺青,,,,彫彫彫彫りりりり物物物物,,,,いれずみいれずみいれずみいれずみ,,,,イレズミイレズミイレズミイレズミ,,,,しせいしせいしせいしせい,,,,シセイシセイシセイシセイ,,,,ぶんしんぶんしんぶんしんぶんしん,,,,ブンシンブンシンブンシンブンシン,,,,げいげいげいげい,,,,

ゲイゲイゲイゲイ,,,,ほりものほりものほりものほりもの,,,,ホリモノホリモノホリモノホリモノ,,,,タトゥータトゥータトゥータトゥー,,,,タトウタトウタトウタトウ;;;;

---- TIBETAN TATTOO, TIBETAN TRANSLATION, Bod Yig, Bod sKad Yig sGyur mKhan, sKad gNyis TIBETAN TATTOO, TIBETAN TRANSLATION, Bod Yig, Bod sKad Yig sGyur mKhan, sKad gNyis TIBETAN TATTOO, TIBETAN TRANSLATION, Bod Yig, Bod sKad Yig sGyur mKhan, sKad gNyis TIBETAN TATTOO, TIBETAN TRANSLATION, Bod Yig, Bod sKad Yig sGyur mKhan, sKad gNyis sMra Ba, dBu Can, Khab gTsags Ri Mo , rMe RissMra Ba, dBu Can, Khab gTsags Ri Mo , rMe RissMra Ba, dBu Can, Khab gTsags Ri Mo , rMe RissMra Ba, dBu Can, Khab gTsags Ri Mo , rMe Ris,,,,

�ད་�ད �ད་�ད �ད་�ད �ད་�ད , �ད་�ག �ད་�ག �ད་�ག �ད་�ག , བར་མབར་མབར་མབར་མཁན ཁན ཁན ཁན , �ད་ར �ད་ར �ད་ར �ད་ར , �ད་ག�ས་�་བ�ད་ག�ས་�་བ�ད་ག�ས་�་བ�ད་ག�ས་�་བ , ཁབ་གཙགས་�་� ཁབ་གཙགས་�་� ཁབ་གཙགས་�་� ཁབ་གཙགས་�་� , �་ེ�ས �་ེ�ས �་ེ�ས �་ེ�ས , བ�་�སབ�་�སབ�་�སབ�་�ས

Documents

LINGUISTIC INFORMATION ACCOMPANYING TIBETALIA’S TIBETAN TRANSLITERATION OF THE SANSKRIT PHRASES ‘SO HAM’ and ‘PRABUDDHAASMI’ i.e. ‘I AM’ and ‘I AM AWAKE’; SHOWING