Linear Momentum and Collisions

9.1 Linear Momentum and Its Conservation• The linear momentum of a particle of mass m moving with a velocity v is

defined to be the product of the mass and velocity:

The time rate of change of the linear momentum of a particle is equal to the net force acting on the particle:

Conservation of Momentum for a Two-Particle System

Whenever two or more particles in an isolated system interact, the total momentum of the system remains constant.

9.2 Impulse and Momentum

The impulse of the force F acting on a particle equals the change in the momentum of the particle caused by that force.

EXAMPLE : How Good Are the Bumpers

Solution

9.3 Collisions

9.4 Elastic and Inelastic Collisions in One Dimension

An elastic collision between two objects is one in which total kinetic energy (as well as total momentum) is the same before and after the collision.

An inelastic collision is one in which total kinetic energy is not the same before and after the collision (even though momentum is constant).– perfectly inelastic collision– inelastic collision

Elastic Collisions

EXAMPLE : A Two-Body Collision with a Spring

Solution

9.5 Two-Dimensional Collisions

9.5 Two-Dimensional Collisions

EXAMPLE : Billiard Ball Collision

Solution

9.6 The Center of Mass

9.6 The Center of Mass

9.6 The Center of Mass

The center of mass of any symmetric object lies on an axis of symmetry and on any plane of symmetry.

EXAMPLE : The Center of Mass of Three Particles

Solution

EXAMPLE : The Center of Mass of a Rod

Solution

9.7 Motion of a System of Particles

The center of mass of a system of particles of combined mass M moves like an equivalent particle of mass M would move under the influence of the resultant external force on the system.

EXAMPLE : The Exploding Rocket

Solution

Homework.1

Homework.2

Homework.3

Homework.4

9.8 Rocket Propulsion