INDONESIAN LANGUAGE AS IDENTITY OF NATION VS ALAY LANGUAGE AS LIFESTYLE OF STUDENT NOWADAYS

Linda R. Tagie Mahasiswa STIBA Cakrawala Nusantara, Kupang

lindatagie@ymail.com

ABSTRAK

Bahasa Indonesia adalah jati diri bangsa yag harus di pertahankan untuk menunjukkan keberadaannya di antara bangsa lain. Penulis ingin menganalisis bahasa Indonesia sebagai jati diri bangsa dengan judul “BAHASA INDONESIA SEBAGAI JATI DIRI BANGSA VS BAHASA ALAY SEBAGAI GAYA HIDUP PELAJAR MASA KINI”. Tujuan penulisan makalah ini adalah untuk mempertahankan bahasa Indonesia sebagai jati diri bangsa berdasarkan sumpah pemuda 28 oktober 1928 yaitu berbahasa satu, bahasa Indonesia. Metode yang di gunakan adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil analisis menunjukan adanya kontroversi antara Bahasa Indonesia sebagai jati diri bangsa dengan gaya hidup pelajar masa kini yang lebih cenderung menggunakan bahasa alay agar terlihat gaul tidak ketinggalan zaman.

Kata kunci : Bahasa alay, jati diri, sosiolingustik.

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background

Indonesian is the official language and the national language of the

Republic of Indonesia. Use established after the proclamation of Indonesian

independence along with the entry into force of the constitution . In terms of

linguistics , Indonesian is a variant of the Malay language . Malay is an

Austronesian language of the Sunda - Sulawesi branch is used as a lingua franca

of the archipelago since the beginning of the century modern dating .

In the Indonesian development were changed due to its use as a working

language in the colonial administration and standardization of processes since the

early 20th century. Namely " Indonesian " since its launch Oath Youth on October

28, 1928 which aims to avoid the impression " language imperialism " when the

name " Malay " remain in use . This process causes different from the current

Indonesian Malay variant used in some areas in Indonesia, including East Nusa

Tenggara as Kupang, Sabu and Larantuka .

Until now, Malay language in Indonesia is a living language, which continues

to produce new words, either through the creation and absorption of the local

language, and foreign language words are created from the surrounding

environment. The changes that occur in Indonesia Malay language commonly

known as Alay. usually this is the case among young people , including students.

Alay language is informal language used by today's youth with the goal of

keeping it up to date. This happens almost in all corners of the earth including

Kupang Indonesia. Alay language that occurs in Indonesia appeared since the

mobile phone ( HP ) with the program short message service ( SMS ). SMS is a

short message from the service provider that the cost per character in order to save

costs. This means that the message must be typed in a nutshell. But in its

development languages such abbreviated increasingly deviated from Big

Indonesian Dictionary ( KBBI ) .

lately the existence of Indonesian start sliding with Alay language, it is a sign

that there are not many Indonesian students known Indonesian properly.

Indonesian vocabulary has been changed to be shorter to produce a new term.

This phenomenon prompted the authors to write this paper with the title

"INDONESIAN LANGUAGE AS THE IDENTITY OF NATION VS ALAY

LANGUAGE AS LIFESTYLE OF STUDENT NOWODAYS".

1.2 Problems

In this paper, the writer would like to analyze two problems, it is :

1. What the influence of Alay language in Indonesian role as national identity?

2. How does language affect the role of the Indonesian alay as a national

identity?

1.3 Purpose

The purpose of this paper is :

1. To meet the presentation of the requirements the material as a seminar

speaker in the Austronesia Seminar of Udayana university.

2. To describe about impact of Alay language to Indonesian language

3. To explain the origin and characteristics of the language that tracks the lives

of today's youth.

1.4 Method

In this paper, the writer uses descriptive qualitative method. This method

is used to describe the controversy between Alay language and Indonesian

language.

1.5 Definition of Terms

1. Language

Language is a statement of one's mind through onomata (name objects or

something) and rhemata (speech) which is a reflection of one's ideas in a current

of air through the mouth (Plato).

2. Alay

Alay is a natural phenomenon in Indonesian youths who wanted to be

recognized state among their friends. These symptoms will change the style of the

language both in orally and writing, including style of dress (Koentjara Patrician).

1.6 . Concept

1.6.1 Sociolinguistics

In this paper , the author will propose definitions Sosiolinguistic according

to some linguists , namely :

1 . Sociolinguistics is an interdisciplinary field of science that studies language in

relation to the use of it in society . ( Abdul Chaer : 2004:2 )

2 . Sosiolinguistic is the branch of linguistics that studies the social factors that

play a role in the use of language and that play a role in the association . ( Rafiek :

2005:2 )

3 . Sociolinguistics actually learn the language and its relationship with the

community as well as sociology , anthropology , politics , economics , religion ,

and some other fields that require language to explain the substance . ( Sabon Ola

: 2009:19 )

Of sociolinguistic definition above, it is clear the branches from socio - linguistics

have coverage . Sociolinguistic meaning the study of the interrelationships

between language and society . This means that sociology is the study of language

. However , experts generally tend to think of language as something that does not

vary ( monolithic ) contrary to expert sociolinguistics , language , especially its

user that not monolithic .

1.6.2 Language Variation

According to Bachman (1990) language is a wide variation in the use of

language, which vary depending on the topics discussed, according to the speaker

relationship, man talk, people are at talking, and according to the speaker medium.

This means that the variation in language can be analyzed descriptively. All types

and changes in language can be seen from the subject and object speaking. This

statement is also supported by Ferguson. Ferguson explained that the variation in

language is a form of speech pattern that can be analyzed descriptively limited by

the synchronous meaning and in use within the context of the communication.

1.6.3 Indonesian Language

Indonesian is the national language that has a function as a symbol of

national pride, national identity, unification tool in the unity of the various ethnic

nationalities, and tool of communication between regions and between cultures

based on point three in Oath Youth October28 1928 which was also supported in

Law No.24 years 2009.

1.6.4 Alay Language

Alay language is the language of creativity outcomes of youth who do not

want to miss the times that they are trying to create something different and could

attract public attention. It is supported by Koentjara Ningrat confirms that Alay is

a symptom experienced by young people in Indonesia who want to be recognized

state among their friends as someone who is full of creativity by creating

something new to attract the attention of those around.

CHAPTER II

DISCUSSION

2.1 Language Definition

Language is the use of a code which is a combination of phonemes to

form words with the syntax rules for forming sentences that have meaning (Sabon

Ola : 2009 :2). This means the language is the most effective means of

communication to interact and adapt to others . Through language , humans can

convey an idea , the idea and the principal either orally or in writing as the

formulation of goals and objectives with the expectations can be understood by

the people people. According to Plato , language is a statement of one's mind

through onomata (name objects or something ) and rhemata ( speech ) which is a

reflection of one's ideas in the flow of air through the mouth . Language also

serves as a means of self-expression . With language, human can express

themselves with everything that was said or who churned inside her . Regardless

of the function as a means of self-expression , language is also the most powerful

tool for released themselves from the shackles of our inner choke , something

which is still in early stages of wishful thinking can be conveyed through

language , so that, language not only reflects the ideas and thought but also

reflects a person's behavior . In other words , language is a measure that indicates

the presence of a person .

2.2 History of Indonesian

Indonesian is the national language as the unifying language of all

Indonesian citizens. Birth of a monumental historical event that swore in on

October28 1928 in Jakarta. Indonesian derived from the Malay language. This

language is a branch of the Austronesian language Sundanese Sulawesi languages

are used as lingua France in the archipelago.

Malay terms derived from Malay kingdom , which is a Hindu - Buddhist

kingdom in the 7th century in Batang Hari river, Jambi on Sumatra island

geographically so initially only refers to the kingdom which is part of the island of

Sumatra. However, in its development , the use of the term Malay geographis

cover a wider area of the Malay empire.

At the beginning of the 20th century split in the form of raw writing the

Malay language began to appear. In 1901, Indonesia, which was then called the

Dutch East Indies, Van Ophuijsen spelling adopted in 1904 and Melayu - Tanah

Persekutuan is currently a territory under the Malaysia- UK adopted the spelling

leader of Wilkinson . Spelling Van Ophuijsen beginning of the preparation of the

Book of Slang Malay Van Ophuijsen in 1896 , aided by Nawawi Soetan Ma'moer

and Moehammad Soetan Taib Ibrahim .

Indonesian is spoken throughout Indonesia, although it is widely used in

urban areas with the dialect and accent of their respective regions. To

communicate with other people sometimes be covered by the mother language is

used as a substitute for Indonesian.

2.2.1 Indonesian as the national identity

Based on Oath Youth October28 1928 which one of the young vow item

sounds " We are the sons and daughters of Indonesia uphold the national

language, Indonesian ". This statement shows that there is a mutual agreement to

maintain Indonesian as a language of unity and unifying all citizens . This means

that Indonesian is one of the basic needs of the citizens of Indonesia.

An old proverb says " Language Shows Nation " . It means that the

language used indicates the origin of a man . Indonesian language signifies a

person coming from the Indonesian nation . Also signifies Indonesian national

identity . That is the language indicates the mindset , habits and special nature of a

person . Indonesian therefore must be maintained . In No. 24 of 2009 Constitution

also confirmed about the flag , language and symbol of the State and the national

anthem as the national identity (UU No 24 : 2009). Here , it is clear that the

Indonesian is the national identity that shows esksistance of Indonesia among

other nations.

2.3 Alay

Alay is a phenomenon that refers to the lifestyle of today's youth . Teens

are more likely to create something new and competing to be the first to

discover new things . This usually occurs in the teenage years which were

in the search for identity . They are trying to find the public's attention to

the new things that they believe will be a phenomenon of interest to a

broad audience . Starting from the style of language , style of speech ,

style of dress including lifestyle .

In English encyclopedia , " Alay is a pop culture phenomenon in

Indonesia , it is a stereotype describing something tacky and cheesy ". That

means here misunderstanding ( Miss understanding) of the alayers ( Alay

language users ) to the real meaning , because the Alay language users

consider themselves outdated slang or not using Alay language , while

tracks the real meaning is " Tacky " . Existence Alay language is

increasingly widespread, In fact, whether realized or not, alayers is the

tacky man because alay means tacky.

2.3. History of Language Alay

Alay language is Indonesian youth culture which refers to the phenomenon

of Indonesian youth lifestyle who always tried to be different with the others.

Alay language appears the first time since SMS ( Short Message Service ) or text

messages from the service provider that the cost per character or per SMS

functions to save costs . This requires them to be more creative to type a brief

message. In addition, with the advent of Social Networking which is a virtual

world where creativity freely without rules. such as Facebook, twitter , blackberry

messager, line, whats app, yahoo messager and some other chat application.

Alay language is the development of Prokem language. Prokem is a

variety of non-standard language commonly used in Jakarta in the 1970s . Prokem

is a secret code for young people who know each other well . But in its

development , the use of language that tracks better known as Debby Sahertian

crowds gather vocabulary in use in certain communities and published a book

entitled " Kamus Prokem " in 1999 ( Sahertian :1999). Now prokem has been

widely used as a form of public conversation in everyday social interaction in the

environment even in the mass media such as magazines, newspapers and even

television. However, the dominant prokem is influenced by language and Betawi

dialect, so that, young people trying to be more creative by creating new words

according to the popularity of each area . It first appeared in the Java dialect then

expanding to all corners of the country including Kupang , East Nusa Tenggara.

2.4 Variation of Language

a. Variation of Language in Sociolinguistic study

In the study of sociolinguistics , there are a wide variety of languages .

Language variation is caused by the presence of social interaction activities

undertaken by people or groups are very diverse and in caused by speakers are not

homogeneous .

There are four variations of the language according to study sociolinguistics ,

namely :

1 ) Variation of terms of speakers

There are four variations of the language in terms of speaker, it is :

• Idiolek : language that is individual variation. Everyone has an idiolek , idiolek

with regard to color the sound ,choice of words, style of language, sentence

structure, and so on . The most dominant is the color of the sound .

• Dialect : Language Variation from comparatively speaking group , who were in

a particular place or area . Field of study to learn about the variation of this

language is dialectology

• Kronolek : a temporal dialect, namely variations in the language used by a social

group at a particular time.

• Sosiolek : a social dialect , the language variations are pleased with status , class

and social class of the speakers . In the study of sociolinguistics , variation is a

private matter which concerns all speakers, such as age, education, socio-

economic situation, employment and so on.

2) Variation of terms of usage

This variation is usually in speaking based on field usage, style, or level of

formality and means of use. Language variation based on field use of these

concerns is the language used for the purpose or what field. For example in

literature, journalism, military, shipping, education and so on.

3) Variation of terms of formality

Variations of this type in use in formal situations. For example the

ceremony,

Speech, official letters, law, notary public, swearing and so on.

4) Variation of terms of the means

This is the type of variation in terms of facilities or use the paths in oral

and written, in this case language diversity by using means or tools, such as phone

calls and sending e-mail.

b . Alay language variation

Alay language is also a variation of a common language in the realm of

language. Based on the study of sociolinguistics, alay language including

variations in terms of speakers of the language because language was included in

the fourth alay sociolinguistic concepts based on terms of speakers . Dialect that is

different from other languages in terms of dialect, style and sentence structure in

terms idiolek , only applies to a particular period in terms cronolog and only

occurs in a particular community in terms sociolek.

There are two variations of Alay language, namely oral alay and writing

alay.

1. Writing Alay

There are four variations Alay language writing , namely :

1.1 Mathematics Alay

This is the type of Alay replace certain types of letters with numbers . For

example, I replaced with 1 , A replaced by 4 , G replaced with a 6 or 9 , E

replaced with 3 , S replaced by 5 and so on.

Example : 4ku 54y4nk k4m03 ( I love you )

1.2 Capslock Alay

This type of merger alay uppercase to lowercase , this course takes

creativity to make it more nimble finger pressing the button to turn on and turn off

capslock capital letters .

Example : - SaMpai juMpaH beZok EaaahH (see you tomorrow)

1.3Double Alay

Alay double is writing with a particular letter. Not only that, sometimes

this kind of alay replace certain letters with some letters in accordance with the

wishes of the alayers to achieve the target word in.

example:

- Kamuuu dii manaaaa???? Akuuu mauuu ketemu kamuuu (where are

you? I want to see you)

- Akuu chayank kamuuu (I love you)

1.4 Constraction Alay

This type typically use abbreviations alay certain words or phrases. This

type is a division of slang commonly adorn the porches of social networking.

example:

- U R d best (you are the best)

- OTW (on the way)

- LOL (Laughing of Loud)

- Teng's b'4 (thanks before)

- GWS (Get Well Soon)

2. Oral Alay

During its development, is now not only tracks the language found in the

form of writing, but also in oral form. This type of Alay based on sociolinguistics

variation idiolek classified in terms of speakers. This idiolek respect to color the

sound, word choice, style of language, sentence structure, and the shape of the

mouth that are set in such a way as to speak.

The following are some examples of commonly adorn porches alay social

networking and also commonly in use youth in verbal communication with their

peers. namely:

1.Ciyus , Miapah ?

Meaning : seriously ? For what?

2. Enelan ?

Meaning : Are you sure?

3. Jadi gue harus bilang WOW gitu?

Do I have to say Wow ? Wow means something extraordinary . Usually

these words are pronounced when someone telling about something that is

excessive . Either this sentence is a sign not to speak again or sign jealous because

the speakers can not be like that in the telling. Gue means I. It comes from

prokem language specially dialect of betawi. While gitu means ( begitu;

indonesian) that.

4.Cetar Membahana

The word was first in popular by Indonesian singer, Syahrini. Which

means something spectacular or extraordinary.

5.Unyu – Unyu

Unyu - Unyu means cute, pretty, sweet and adorable.

6.PHP

Stands for Giving False Hope (Pemberi Harapan palsu ; Indonesian) or

can be interpreted as merely a stunt. This nickname is given to those who like

promises but do not keep it just to create confusion in.

7. Prikitiew

The term was first popularized by comedian Indonesia, Sule. Prikitiew

means to describe the happy atmosphere, sometimes derisive.

8. Afgan

This term was born from the name of a singer from Indonesia , Afghan

Syahreza. It began when Afghan launcing a song titled " sadis ". So afgan means

something mysterious , not logic, but it is really happening.

9. Kamseupay ! (Kampungan sekali, Uh payah !)

It is originated from a cinema of indonesia " Putih abu-abu " .

Kamseupay term used to ridicule other people that are not expected or tacky.

10. Kepo

It means Knowing Every Particular Object . Is a term for people who

always want to know everything including the private affairs of others. And

ultimately spreading the isue. Lately the term nephew mostly heard the term '

google ' thats means know everything completely.

11. Maaciw

It means thank you , but here occur style of language changed and is

spoken in a tone of voice that sounded alay flirtatious

12.Narsis

Derived from the Greek story , there was a man named Narcissus tempan

who reject the love of a girl named Echo . Echo then gutted and cursed Narcissus

to never fall in love , narcissus eventually be someone who likes to be alone . For

the alayers it is on the mark with his own photo with the likes Alay or excessive

force .

13.Oretz

It means okay. Derived from English, that means all right.

14. Paku Alus

This term is a kind of Alay is quite popular among teens in

Kupang city. Meaning immature or unstable.

15. Kag'Z / Adig'z

This term is also a popular Alay language in Kupang city. It means dear

sister or dear brother.

16. Keloli Love

This term was born from colaburate of regional Sabu malay, East Nusa

Tenggara with English. Keloli derived from sabu Malay, it means fall, while love

comes from English, which means Love. So keloli love means to falling in love.

17. Karmendez?

it means how. Derived from Kupang Malay "Karmana".

18. MaCamah

Means you are welcome. An answer from the word alay maaciw or thank

you.

19. Cemungudh

Meaning: Keep spirit. Now there is a new word that tracks similar to this

term, the "Semangka" means "semangat kakak (Keep spirit dear)".

20. Ma'em

Meaning: Eat.

In the world of socuolinguistic also know two term, it is ‘Switching Code’

and ‘Mixing Code’.

1. Switching Code

Switcing code is the shift in the use of a code ( language or variety of

language) to the other code. Code switching is one aspect of language

depedency in a multilingual society. In a multlingual society is very

difficult an absolute speakers using only one language. Exampe in

indonesian, there are many variety of language.

Suwito (1985) categories switching code into two category, it is :

1.1 Intern Switching Code

It’s about switching language, example from Indonesian to english

or from english to Indonesian and the others

1.2 Ekstern Switcing Code

It’s abut switching varian, example from Indonesian to Kupang

malay or from Kupang malay to Sabu language and the others.

2. Mixing Code

Mixing code is two or more codes are in use with (Chaer : 1994 :69).

This occurs by inserting a language into another language or code into

the main code.

Mixing code also broadly into two categories, it is :

2.1 Innercode Mixing

It is the

2.2 Outer code Mixing

2.5 Impact of Language Alay

The rapid development of the number of Alay language users suggests the

Indonesian young generation familiar with the world of technology, especially the

Internet. The emergence of Alay language also shows the development of a

dynamic era, as a language should be equal with the user community in order to

continue to exist.

In addition, the emergence of Alay language also signals a very serious

threat to the existence of Indonesian as a national identity. It is on the mark with

the poor ability to speak Indonesian youths. This means we bury the spirit of the

Oath Youth to speak in one language, Indonesian.

Desire does not want to be considered obsolete makes Alay language more

in interest, in addition, slowly began to shift tracks the language of the existence

of Indonesian. As a result, young people are most likely to speak in Alay language

and finally not able to speak Indonesian language better.

CHAPTERIII

CLOSING

3.1 Conclusion

Based on the discussion above, the writer concluded that the Indonesian is

a language as the national language to shows the existence and identity of the

Indonesian nation. This can be seen on the last date of October28, 1928 where the

youth gathered and vowed in youth oath to uphold the unity of the Indonesian

language.

However, the value and existence of Indonesian been marred by the

presence of Alay language as a lingua franca today's young people to interact with

each other. Some vocabulary Indonesian cities transformed into a new vocabulary

but have the same meaning. Tracks the actual use of language that is fine, as long

as it is used in context and specific situation and condition, in this case, an

informal situation. However, do not be too often used as well so it does not affect

the Indonesian in formal condition.

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