LIGO-GXX

What is LIGO (LSC/GEO/Virgo/…)?Gabriela González,

Louisiana State University

For the LIGO Scientific Collaboration and the Virgo Collaboration

LIGO Livingston Observatory,Louisiana, USA

LIGO Hanford ObservatoryWashington, USA

Virgo detector, Cascina, Italy

LIGO-GXX2

Gravitational waves

Gravitational waves are quadrupolar distortions of distances between freely falling masses. They are

produced by time-varying mass quadrupoles.

+, x and averaged strain sensitivityLIGO-T970101

LIGO-GXX3

Not a simple Michelson interferometer!

Rep. Prog. Phys. 72 (2009) 076901 arXiv:0711.3041200711 LIGO: The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory

LIGO-GXX4

Interferometer Noise

LASER

test mass (mirror)

beamsplitter

Residual gas scattering

Wavelength & amplitude fluctuations photodiode

Seismic Noise

Thermal (Brownian)

Noise

Quantum Noise

"Shot" noise

Radiation pressure

LIGO-GXX5

(LIGO) Design Noise Limits

LIGO-GXX

LIGO: Steady progress

hrms = 3 10-22

LIGO-GXX7

GW detector network 2002-2006

http://www.oera.net/How2/PlanetTexs/

LIGO-Hanford,WAX 2

LIGO-Livingston,LA

GEO-600HannoverGermany

TAMA300

LIGO-GXX NSHP/NSBP Conference8

LIGO Scientific Collaborationwww.ligo.org

Hundreds (800+) of people working on technology for LIGO detectors, producing and analyzing the LIGO/GEO data.

Science results

LIGO-GXX9

GW detector network 2005-2010

http://www.oera.net/How2/PlanetTexs/

LIGO-Hanford,WAX 2

LIGO-Livingston,LA

GEO-600Hannover, Germany

VIRGOCascina, Italy

LIGO-GXX NSHP/NSBP Conference10

LSC S5 run (Nov’05-Oct’07)

With a 15 Mpc average reach, we expected ~ 1 BNS coalescence every ~50 yrs We were not lucky: data analysis did not find any detections (ligo.org), although we did have a ghost!Predicted observation rates: Class. Quantum Grav. 27 (2010) 173001S5 (and all) papers in https://www.lsc-group.phys.uwm.edu/ppcomm/Papers.html

LIGO-GXX11

“initial” GW network searches

Find all LSC results and publications in www.ligo.orghttps://www.lsc-group.phys.uwm.edu/ppcomm/Papers.html

NASA, WMAP

Crab pulsar (NASA, Chandra Observatory)

NASA, HEASARC?

LIGO-GXX12

Enhanced GW detector network 2007-2010

http://www.oera.net/How2/PlanetTexs/

LIGO-Hanford,WAX 2

LIGO-Livingston,LA

GEO-600Hannover, Germany

VIRGOCascina, Italy

LIGO-GXX

2009/10: Enhanced LIGO, Virgo++ EM partners

LIGO-GXX NSHP/NSBP Conference14

2005-2010: binary neutron star reach

Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A624 (2010) 223

S5

S6

LIGO-GXX15

Observing Partners During S6/VSR2+3

• Mostly (but not all) robotic wide-field optical telescopes Mainly used for following up GRBs, surveying for supernovae and other optical transients "Implementation and testing of the first prompt search for electromagnetic counterparts to

gravitational wave transients” http://arxiv.org/abs/1109.3498

X-ray and UV/Optical

Radio

LIGO-GXX NSHP/NSBP Conference16

“Big Dog event”

Data from a 3-detector network localized the source (very roughly) near Canis Major. Practiced a system to follow up triggers with EM telescopes/satellites.

http://ligo.org/news/blind-injection.php

You can get the detector data and other details: http://ligo.org/science/GW100916/

LIGO-GXX17

GWs or glitches?

H1 S6D, offline vetoes

LIGO-GXX

GW detector network2011-2014

http://www.oera.net/How2/PlanetTexs/

GEO-600Hannover, Germany

LIGO-GXX

Present: Advanced LIGO detectors

Acceptance -NSF Date

AcceptanceDateMREFC Funding Start

FY09FY08 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14FY07 FY15

Design and Development

Testing and Integration

Fabrication

De-Install / Installation

Interferometer Acceptances

Project End

Science and Engineering Runs

Construction Project

Funding in place, installation already in progress, end of construction in 2015.

19

NOW

LIGO-GXX

GW detector network 2015

http://www.oera.net/How2/PlanetTexs/

LIGO-Hanford,WAX 2?

LIGO-Livingston,LA

GEO-600Hannover, Germany

(LIGO: 1-hr lock - ??? Mpc)

LIGO-GXX

Projected Noise Spectra

21

caseNS-NS

BH-BH(30 M)

No SRM

150 Mpc 1.60 Gpc

0-det low P

145 Mpc 1.65 Gpc

0-det high P

190 Mpc 1.85 Gpc

NS-NS tuned

200 Mpc 1.65 Gpc

Orientation-averaged detection range for

binary inspirals

• Factor of ~10 better amplitude sensitivity than initial detectors Factor of ~1000 greater volume of space

Best guess: will detect dozens per year

Advanced LIGO shown; Advanced Virgo similar

LIGO-GXX

LIGO detectors: near future!

Neutron Star Binaries:Initial LIGO: ~15 Mpc rate ~1/50yrsAdvanced LIGO: ~ 200 Mpc “Realistic rate” ~ 40/year

Class. Quant. Grav. 27, 173001 (2010)22

LIGO-GXX23

(LIGO) Open data release plan

2010 2011 20132012 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

L1 H2 H1

S6

Engineering Runs

SE1 SE2 SE3 SE4 SE5 SE6

NOW

Release 1: First Detections

Release 2A: Immediate Triggers

Release 2B: Full Data

Dates are “guaranteed no earlier”

2.5 years

LIGO data management plan (public) LIGO-M1000066 (dcc.ligo.org)

LIGO-GXX24

GW detector network 2015+

http://www.oera.net/How2/PlanetTexs/

LIGO-Hanford,WAX 2?

LIGO-Livingston,LA

GEO-600Hannover, Germany

VIRGOCascina, Italy

LCGTKamioka mine, Japan

LIGO-India?

LIGO-GXX25

Other GW windows

/ Virgo