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LIGHTING
ID 320 – LIGHTING\ACOUSTIC\HVAC
Done by: Amjad AlFawaz
• Light• Reflection &
Transmission• Color• Glare
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
LIGHT
LIGHT is the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum to which our eyes are visually sensitive to.
The power with which light is emitted from a lamp is measured in Lumens (lm)
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
LIGHT
Efficacy: The ratio of light output to energy input
Light out = Lumens = EFFICACYEnergy in wattsCandlepower: Describes the intensity of the beam in any direction.
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
LIGHT
Illuminance: Is equal to the number of lumens falling on each square foot(meter) of a surface.
The unit of illumination or light : footcandle ( lux) lux = lumens
square meter
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
LIGHT
Object’s Brightness refers to the perception of a human observer.
Object’s Luminance refers to the objective measurement of a light meter.
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
LIGHT
Light falling on an object can be:
- Transmitted- Reflected- Absorbed
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
Reflection of Light:
1-Specular Reflection smooth, polished surfaces. (the angle of reflection is = to the angle of incidence)
2- Semi-specular reflection irregular surfaces such as hammered, brushed or sandblasted materials.(part of the light spread and the greatest intensity reflected at an angle equal or near the angle of incidence)
3- Diffuse Reflection matte, rough surfaces.
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
Transmission of light:
1- Clear, transparent material transmit light.2- Diffusing translucent material scatter light.
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
COLOR
White light is a mixture of various wavelengths of visible light.
Color Temperature:Used to describe the warmness and coolness of a light source.
Low CT, warm yellow,orange,red colorsHigh CT, cool green, purple, blue colors
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
GLARE
Glare is a visual noise that interferes with visual performance.
Glare occurs when one part of the visual field is much more brighter than the average brightness to which the visual system is adapted.
This causes: discomfort, or loss in visual performance and visibility.
1- Direct Glare.2- Indirect\Reflected Glare.
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
Direct Glare is caused by a light source sufficiently bright to cause annoyance, discomfort or loss in visual performance.
-from light fixtures, ceiling and windows.
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
-distance between an offending light source to the center of vision.
Can reduce glare using shielding devices
The closer the worse
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
Using optical controllers to eliminate or reduce direct glare.
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
window blinds or perforated screens to limit the amount of direct sunlight coming into the space.
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
Upward to the ceiling
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
Indirect Glare is caused by the reflection of light sources on a glossy surface.
Can be avoided by:-using matte, less glossy materials.-Relocating the light source. -rearranging the interiors
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
Page 367, Activity Needs
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
Biological needs
1- the need for spatial orientation: Define changes of levels Direct people
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
Biological needs
2- the need to understand structural form: Direct light gives form to objects while
diffuse light flatten objects (three-dimensional quality)
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
3- The need to focus on activities: Highlighting important areas to create
order and attention
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
4-the need for cheerful spaces: Right amount of light to eliminate any
gloomy feeling Combing different lighting types create
cheerful spaces
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
5-the need for security: Darkness is a lack of visual information;
cause fear and expect danger. A man needs to be aware of his
surroundings and get information.
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
6- the need for communication.
Done By: Amjad AlFawaz
Lighting Design
First: Determine tasks and activity in the space.
Second: Illuminate things based on the determined activity.
Third: create a level of brightness contrast
