light waves are called electromagnetic wavesThese waves carry energy

Light is made of photons

Photons carry energy

Energy = radiationA wave of light and

a ray of light are the same

Parts of a Light Wave

All waves carry energy

A = the height of

the wave = brightness of the light

λ = wavelength = length of one wave

measured from crest to crest or trough to

trough

f = frequency = speed of the wave or the number of waves that pass per second

Relationship to energy

Low frequency

High frequency

The Electromagnetic Spectrum – describes all of the different types of light that exist: radio, microwave, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-ray, and gamma

Which wave carries the highest amount of energy?

Which wave carries the least amount of energy?

For each part of the spectrum you need to know the following information: Size of the wavelength

Objects that naturally produce this type of light

How the light interacts with humans

Gamma Rays

The wavelength size: Objects that produce gamma

rays: supernova explosions,

neutron stars, and black holes

Interaction with humans - used to:sterilize surgical

instrumentskill harmful bacteria in foodkill cancer cells

(cm)

This is the size of an

Gamma Rays

(m)

Cool Info – what the sky would look like if you could see gamma photons

http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/features/movies/gamma_rays.html (open the website and click on the purple picture and make the video full screen)

X-Rays

The wavelength size: Objects that produce X-rays: black holes, neutron stars, binary

star systems, supernova remnants, stars, the Sun, and even some comets

Interaction with humans - X-rays pass through skin and soft tissue, but not through bone or metal.used to produce photographs of

bones to check for damage such as fractures.

also used in industry to check metal for cracks or other damage.

(cm)

This is the size of an

X-rays – cool facts

Discovered in Germany 1895 by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen

He named them ` X ` rays because he did not know where the rays were coming from.

His first image was of his wife‘s hand (shown to the left)

Ultraviolet light

The wavelength size: Objects that produce

ultraviolet light: the Sun and other stars

Interaction with humans sun bedssecurity pens that airport

officials use to check passports

fluorescent lights (phosphor coatings inside the bulb absorb the ultraviolet light and re-emit it as visible light)

(cm)

This is the size of a

Ultraviolet – cool factsbeneficial harmful

We need UV light to make Vitamin D

Vitamin D is important in making strong bones, a healthy immune system, and in making cells.

The energy from ultraviolet radiation can damage the molecules in your skin and even your DNA.

When you have a sunburn proteins in the blood make your blood vessels larger– this is why your skin turns red (Sobell 2001).

COOL – bees, butterflies, and other animals can see UV light: to them the sky appears purple and flowers appear different colors (see picture – what we see and what bees see)

Visible Light

The wavelength size: Objects that produce Visible light: You (a very small amount),

sun and other stars, light bulbs

Interaction with humans –This is the only type of light

we can see with our eyes

(cm)

This is the size of an

Visible Light White light is made of 6 different colors:

Red

Orange

Yellow

Green

Blue

Purple

Each color carries a different amount of energy – which color would carry the most energy? The least amount of energy?

Infrared light: heat energy

The wavelength size: Objects that produce Visible light: You and other animals, sun and

other stars, light bulbs

Interaction with humans – used in security lights burglar alarms remote controls for television sets

and DVD player data links over short distances

between computers or mobile phones

(cm)

This is the size of an

Infrared: cool factsThis is the main light we and other animals produce – this is the heat you feel coming off your cheeks

Microwave

The wavelength size: Objects that produce microwave light: stars

Interaction with humans –Cooking food – the radiation

vibrates the molecules in the food to heat up the food

Use to learn about the weatherUsed to transfer information :

Bluetooth Wifi Cell phones Microwave ovens

(cm)

This is the size of an

Microwave radiation is everywhere in the universe it is left over radiation from the BIG BANG

http://www.dnatube.com/video/28547/Cosmic-Microwave-Background-Radiation (play video)

The view of the microwave radiation in the universe around us

Radio

The wavelength size: Objects that produce

microwave light: planets and comets, giant

clouds of gas and dust, and stars and galaxies

Interaction with humans – To transfer information to and from

Radio and television stations

WifiComputers Cell phones

(cm)

Radio emissions from space

Radio is a type of light that we use to make sound: radio waves and changed into sound waves (see illustration below)

Radio signals from stars, pulsars, black holes and other objects in space produce radio waves. We change these signals into sound waves that we can hear. http

://www.spacesounds.com/home/index.html (click on this link and then click on 2-3 different sources)

Questions for objective 3

Describe what all of the waves have in common.

Describe the 3 main differences between the waves. Finish Questions from objective 2 (oage 11)

Video

If there is time watch the video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H

PcAWNlVl-8

Sources "Gamma Rays." - Mission:Science. NASA, n.d. Web. 07 Oct. 2012.

<http://missionscience.nasa.gov/ems/12_gammarays.html>. Nelson, Brent. Ask the Experts. Physicslink.com, n.d. Web. 7 Oct. 2012.

<http://www.physlink.com/education/askexperts/ae636.cfm>. Plait, Phil. "Bananas | Bad Astronomy | Discover Magazine." Bananas |

Bad Astronomy | Discover Magazine. N.p., 21 Mar. 2011. Web. 07 Oct. 2012. <http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/tag/bananas/>.

Sobell, Jeffrey M. "What Happens When You Get a Sunburn?: Scientific American." What Happens When You Get a Sunburn?: Scientific American. Scientific American, 6 Aug. 2001. Web. 07 Oct. 2012. <http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=what-happens-when-you-get>.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/aqa_pre_2011/radiation/the_electromagnetic_spectrumrev4.shtml

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HPcAWNlVl-8 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m4t7gTmBK3g http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/the-7-major-regions-of-the-

electromagnetic-spectrum.html#lesson (login)

More space sounds http://www-pw.physics.uiowa.edu/space-audio/ http://www.spaceweather.com/glossary/inspire.html