Light Vocabulary Pre and Post Assessment Directions: Review the Light Vocabulary words. In the “pre” column place a 2, 1, or 0 KEY:

● 2 = You understand the word related to the topic of light & color ● 1 = The word sounds familiar but you are not sure what it has to do with

light and color. ● 0=The word is not familiar to you.

Pre Light Vocabulary Word Post

Absorbed

Angle of Light (Reflection)

Concave

Convex

Emitted

Heat

Invisible Light

Light Energy

Light Travels

Magnifying Lens

Opaque

Prism

Reflected

Refracted

ROY G BIV

Shadow

Translucent

Transparent

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Light Vocabulary

Absence of Color When there is no _____________ everything is ______________.

*Absorb To _______________ in or ______________ up by physical or chemical action.

*Angle of Reflection When light strikes a plane mirror, the angle of incidence (where the light hits) ______________ the angle of __________________ (where the light bounces).

*Concave The curve of a mirror or lens is _______________ at the ______________.

*Convex The curve of a mirror or lens is ________________ at the ______________.

Electromagnetic Radiation

_____________ given off by the ________.

Electromagnetic Spectrum

_____________ and ___________ radiation from the sun. E-M spectrum includes gamma rays, X-rays, ultraviolet radiation, visible light, infrared waves, microwaves, and radio waves.

Energy The ability to do _______________. Potential (stored) and kinetic (working) are forms of energy.

Frequency The number of ___________ produced each ___________.

Hertz Unit _____________________ of wave __________________.

Inverted An image that is __________________ down.

Light Waves ______________________ of visible and invisible light from the electromagnetic spectrum.

Medium or Media The object(s) through which sound and light travel.

Plane ______________ surface.

*Prism Separates white _________ into many _____________.

*Reflect The ________________ back of ___________ from a surface.

*Refract The _________________ of _________ as it _________ from one material to another.

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*Visible Light Electromagnetic waves that you can ________. We see these waves as colors of the rainbow, ROYGBIV - Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, and Violet.

*Translucent

*Transparent

*Opaque

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Light Lab 1: Does Light Travel in a Straight Line?

Objective: To discover how light travels.

1. Arrange 3 index cards in a row about six (6) inches apart. Hold them upright with the clothespins. Align the holes in a perfectly straight line.

2. Prediction: What do you think will happen when you shine the light

through the holes?

3. One of you will hold a flashlight so its beam passes through the holes.

Each team member needs to look through the holes to observe the light beam.

4. Was your prediction correct?

5. Predict what will happen if you moved one card slightly to the left or

right?

6. Was your prediction correct?

7. What is true about a beam of light? Use evidence from today’s lab to

explain your answer.

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Light Lab 2: REFLECTION Station Experiments

Objective: Explore reflection through the materials at the station. 1. Write the definition of reflection.

Reflection Picture

Definition

Sentence

2. Use the mirror and flashlight to reflect light onto a wall.

Explain and draw how you positioned the mirror and the flashlight in order to reflect the light where you wanted it to shine.

3. Use the aluminum foil and flashlight

A. Shine the flashlight on a piece of flat, unwrinkled aluminum foil. Describe how the light reflects.

B. Wrinkle up the aluminum foil into a ball. Now shine the flashlight onto the ball of foil. Describe how the light reflects. Did the reflection change? Explain.

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Mirrors and Reflection

Introductory Video--The science of light Light Lab 3: Mirrors and Reflection. Objective: To determine how light reacts when it hits a mirror at different angles.

1. Question: Where will the angle of reflection be if the incoming angle is known?

2. Prediction: If the incoming angle of light is 30° then the angle of reflection is

3. Set up your experiment as shown in the diagram below. Use the plastic

holders to hold the mirror and slit card perpendicular to your work surface. Align the rear edge mirror with the side of the protractor between the two 90º marks.

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4. Shine the flashlight through the slit card. For your first measurement, adjust the position of the flashlight and slit card so that the beam of light follows the path of the 30º line on the protractor. The beam should hit the mirror right at the black spot in the middle of the protractor.

5. Record the size of the angle (in degrees) in the table below. Repeat the experiment five or six more times, using a different incoming light angle each time.

Data:

Angle of Incoming

Rays (angle of

light)

30° 40° 50° 60° 20° 0°

Angle of Reflected

Rays (angle of

light)

30

6. Using the drawing tools, draw a diagram of the flashlight, incoming

angle, and outcoming angle.

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Conclusion: 1.What is the purpose of the experiment (from the question in the

lab)

2.Briefly, discuss the results (data) from the lab. What did you

discover, use evidence from the data to support your answer.

3.Restate your prediction.

4.Did your prediction happen? If no, what happened?

5.Suggest one improvement to the lab and why?

6.Discuss at least one “I wonder” statement.

Extension - Watch this video once you have completed the lab. Video--Light and the Law of Reflection

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Light Lab 4: Mirror Maze

Objective: Use mirrors to reflect light through a cardboard maze.

1. Does light bend? How do you know?

2. Question:

How can get the light to travel through the maze and hit the target letter “E”? How can you control the path of the light?

3. Ideas/prediction:

4. Use the cardboard to create a maze. Using your knowledge from Light

Lab 3-Mirrors and Reflection, reflect the light on the mirrors to the final target. Use a minimum of 3 mirrors.

5. Use the drawing tools or take a picture of your setup. Use arrows to

indicate the path light travels through your maze.

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Light Lab 5: Transparent, Translucent, and Opaque -- Will Light Pass

Through? Objective: Determine whether an object is transparent, translucent, or opaque. Question: How can you predict if an object will let light pass through? Prediction:

Directions:

1. Examine the materials listed in the provided table below. 2. Discuss how much light you can see through each object. 3. Shine the flashlight through the objects and write your observations

about the light. 4. Repeat step 3 for all the objects. 5. Use the Science textbook or student dictionary to look up the

vocabulary words: translucent, transparent, opaque. 6. Decide which word describes each object. 7. Be prepared to explain your answers to other students.

Directions: Shine the flashlight through the objects (at the same distance) and write your observations about the light in the data table below, in the column that represents the object. Data

Object Transparent Translucent Opaque

Bubble packing material

Waxed paper

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Paper towel

Clear glass

Red Solo Cup

Cardboard

Laminating material

Felt

Tissue paper

Construction paper

Plastic Wrap

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Styrofoam

Tin foil

Plastic Petri dish

Conclusion:

1. Use your textbook or this resource link to define transparent, translucent, and opaque (p. 46-47). Create a 4-square vocabulary for each vocabulary word.

Transparent Picture

Definition Sentence

Translucent Picture

Definition Sentence

Opaque Picture

Definition Sentence

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2. How can you tell if an object is transparent, translucent, or opaque? Be sure to discuss how light reacts to the different materials. Use evidence from the lab to support your answer.

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Light Lab 6: Refraction Station Experiments - Part 1

Objective: Explore refraction through the materials at the station.

Background Fill in the background with the words from the word bank.

Word Bank - speed up & medium ● Refraction is when waves ______ ____or slow down due to traveling in

a different __________. A medium is something that waves will travel through.

Refraction Stations

1. Write the definition of refraction.

Refraction Picture

Definition Sentence

2. Use the cup, metal washer and water...

● Tape the washer to the bottom the cup. ● One person backs away from the table until the rim of the cup

hides the whole washer from view. (You should not be able to see the washer.)

● The other person should slowly pour water in the cup until the washer becomes visible again to the person standing. Repeat the experiment for each person in the group.

Write complete sentences to explain how this refraction activity works.

3. Use a transparent glass, water, pencil and straw...

● Fill the glass hallway full of water and insert a pencil or straw.

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● Observe the pencil or straw through the glass. ● Draw how the object appears.

Explain how the pencil or straw is refracted.

Word Bank - bent, air, water

○ In this case the light rays are slowed down by the water and are ___________, causing the pen to look odd. The two mediums in this example are __________ and __________.

Homework: 1. Complete p. 31 in the yellow packet - you should have already finished

this in class yesterday.

2. Watch the Refraction and diffraction video.

(students only need to understand refraction) username - hilltopel password - Bw123456

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Light Lab 7: Refraction Station Experiments - Part 2

Objective: Explore refraction through the use of prisms.

1. Shine a bright white light directly into a prism. You will need to rotate the prism slowly, until the angle is right and the light refracts into a rainbow. Place a white sheet of construction paper opposite the light to catch the rainbow. Note the order of the colors as they appear.

Using the drawing tools, draw an illustration of the exploration. Include the flashlight, prism and rainbow of colors.

2. Now you will recreate Isaac Newton’s famous prism experiment.

Instead of projecting the rainbow onto the white construction paper, aim the rainbow so that it directly hits a second prism. Place the white construction paper behind the second prism so that light will hit it. You may need to adjust the prisms to line them up carefully.

Draw an illustration of the exploration. Include the flashlight and what happens as the light hits both prisms.

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Light Lab 8: LENSES Station Experiments

Objective: Explore how light appears through concave and convex lenses using the materials at the station.

1. Write the definition of concave.

Concave Picture

Definition Sentence

2. Write the definition of convex.

Convex Picture

Definition Sentence

3. Use the test tube full of water and this worksheet…

a. Hold the test tube over the words. b. Draw or explain how the words appear to your eyes?

c. What type of lens is the test tube and how do you know?

4. Use the plastic wrap, water and eye dropper…

a. Stretch the plastic wrap on paper and use the eyedropper to place a drop of water on words.

b. Draw how the words appear to your eyes?

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c. What type of lens is the water representing and how do you

know?

5. Use the concave and convex lenses and worksheet…

Lay the lenses on the worksheet. Draw a picture to show how each lens works.

Write how the lenses change the writing on the worksheet.

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Light Lab 10: It’s HOT outside, what color should I wear?

Objective: Determine what colors absorb and reflect heat. Background: Light can be absorbed by objects, causing them to warm.

Question: Which colors absorb more heat--light colors or dark colors?

Hypothesis/Prediction:

Experiment:

1. Place your thermometers in the white and black bags and place them directly under the lamp.

2. After 10 minutes, record the temperature reading on each thermometer.

3. Continue recording the temperature every ten minutes.

Data:

Time Temperature of BLACK Temperature of WHITE

10 minutes

20 minutes

30 minutes

4. Which color absorbed the most heat?

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5. What color would you recommend a solar panel or solar cooker be made of?

6. If you wanted to stay as cool as possible, what color shirt should you wear on a very hot sunny day?

7. What color coat would you buy if you wanted to stay the warmest on a cold winter day?

8. Why did the light heat one color more than the other? Explain your results. Use the words absorbed and reflected in your explanation.

Fill in the chart below:

Color object appears colors absorbed color reflected

black

white

red

blue

**Bonus question: Plants use light to make food in a process called photosynthesis. Using your knowledge of colors and light, which color in the spectrum of light to most plants not need for photosynthesis? Why?

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Light Lab 10: How does the angle of an item affect how much heat

is absorbed? Objective: Determine how the angle of the light affects the temperature of the object. Background: Light can be absorbed by objects, causing them to warm. Darker colors absorb more heat whereas lighter colors reflect heat.

1. Question: How will the angle of light affect how much heat is absorbed by each object?

2. Hypothesis/Prediction:

Experiment:

3. Place your thermometers in the white and black bags and place under the lamp in the classroom but at an angle (the side of the container).

4. After 10 minutes, record the temperature reading on each thermometer.

5. Continue recording the temperature every ten minutes.

Data:

Time Temperature of BLACK Temperature of WHITE

10 minutes

20 minutes

30 minutes

Conclusion:

6. How does the angle of light affect the heat that is absorbed by an object?

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7. Should solar panels be built at an angle or flat? Why? Use evidence from today’s lab to explain your reason.

***Design another experiment testing for heat absorption***

Be sure to list the materials and procedure to complete your experiment.

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Learning Targets “I can”…statements ❏understand that light travels in a straight line

until it interacts with an object or moves from one substance to another

❏experiment to determine the difference between light that is absorbed, reflected and refracted.

❏experiment with temperature changes caused by light striking different surfaces

Light Test - Study Guide

Review videos

The science of light Law of Reflection

Reflection simulation Reflection and colors

Why we see colors? username - Hilltopel, password - Bw123456 Refraction (diffraction will not be tested) username - Hilltopel, password -

Bw123456 Colors and heat absorption

Translucent, Transparent, and Opaque

Review Notes Color and Visible Light

Visible Light Refraction

Define the following words

Word Definition

1.Electromagnetic Spectrum

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2.Reflect

3.Refract

4.Absorb

5.Angle of reflection

6.Light Waves

7.Visible Light

8.Invisible Light

9. Prism

10. Absence of color

11. Medium

12. What type of energy is provided by the sun?

13. What are three reasons Electromagnetic energy is important for life on Earth?

14. How do light waves travel?

15. Recall the lab Mirrors and Reflection. You shined the light on a mirror at different angles.

Describe what happened to the light when it hit the mirror.

Use the drawing tools to draw a picture to show this.

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16. Recall using the prism in class. What happened to visible light when it passed through the prism? Include a picture with your explanation.

17. What is an example of a natural prism?

18. Use evidence from the refraction lab to explain why the pencil in the water appears distorted?

19. Order the colors of the visible light spectrum in order from the highest to the lowest frequency. What is the mnemonic to help you remember the order?

20. Why do we see colors? For instance, why does an orange appear orange?

21. Black (absorbs/reflects) all colors.

highlight one

22.White (absorbs/reflects) all colors.

highlight one

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23. Recall the color lab where a thermometer was placed in a black and white

sleeve.

Why did the temperature of the black sleeve get hotter than the temperature of the white sleeve?

Why was the temperature of the white sleeve cooler than the temperature of the black sleeve?

24. Explain what colors you should wear on a HOT day in order to stay cool, use evidence from the color lab to support your answer.

25. Explain what colors you should wear on a COLD day to conserve heat, use evidence from the color lab to support your answer.

26. Complete the table.

Color object appears

color(s) absorbed color(s) reflected

white

black

Yellow

Violet

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27. Give an example of an opaque object. Include an image.

28. What happens to light as it hits an opaque object?

29. Give an example of a transparent object. Include an image.

30. What happens to light as it hits an transparent object?

31. Give an example of a translucent object. Include an image.

32. What happens to light as it hits an translucent object?

33. What is the speed of light?

34. How far away is the Earth from the sun?

35. How long does it take light from the sun to reach Earth?

36. Make a VENN diagram to compare and contrast DIRECT and INDIRECT light. Consider for example, if you place an object in direct or indirect light how would the objects heat up?

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