Hoja1SubjectEnglishSpanishDefinitionDefinition
sourceStatusNotesEN ContextEN Context SourceES ContextES Context
SourceCardiac life supportischemic heart diseasecardiopata isqumica
Pathologic cardiac condition caused by lack of oxygen in the cells
of myocardium resulting from total or partial coronary
occlusion.Adapted from: Mosbys Medical Dictionary (1982/2013)
Missouri: Elsevier/Mosby Publisher, 9th editionIschemic heart
disease is caused by the accumulation of fatty deposits lining the
inner wall of a coronary artery, restricting blood flow to the
heart.OECD iLibrary website:
http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/sites/9789264183896-en/01/04/index.html?contentType=&itemId=%2Fcontent%2Fchapter%2F9789264183896-7-en&mimeType=text%2Fhtml&containerItemId=%2Fcontent%2Fserial%2F23056088&accessItemIds=%2Fcontent%2Fbook%2F9789264183896-en
[last accessed 4 November 2014]."La cardiopata isqumica (CI) o
cardiopata coronaria consiste en el estrechamiento u obstruccin de
una o ms arterias coronarias debido a la acumulacin de sustancias
en las paredes vasculares (arteriosclerosis)."Onmeda.es website:
http://www.onmeda.es/enfermedades/angina_de_pecho-definicion-1690-2.html
[last accessed 4 November 2014].Cardiac life supportmyocardial
infarctioninfarto al miocardioIrreversible gross necrosis of
myocardium due to ischemic heart disease, often characterised by
severe chest pain or discomfort, dyspnea, nausea, and loss of
consciousness, and sometimes resulting in death.Adapted from:
Mosbys Medical Dictionary (1982/2013) Missouri: Elsevier/Mosby
Publisher, 9th edition and Medline Plus website:
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/heartattack.html [last accessed
4 November 2014]Cardiac-specific mortality increased with coronary
artery disease comorbidity, the investigators reported. Deaths
determined to be of cardiac etiology occurred in 36 of 200 (18%)
patients with no coronary artery disease risk factors, 43 of 176
(24.4%) patients with one risk factor and 12 of 43 (27.9%) patients
with coronary artery diseaseinduced congestive heart failure or
myocardial infarction."CancerNetwork website:
http://www.cancernetwork.com/prostate-cancer/adt-prostate-cancer-linked-risk-cardiac-death
[last accessed 4 November 2014]."El infarto al miocardio es un
evento cardiovascular que se manifiesta tras la obstruccin u
oclusin de un vaso sanguneo en el corazn. Como consecuencia de lo
anterior, se produce una interrupcin del flujo sanguneo y la
posterior muerte y prdida de un segmento del msculo cardaco."Clnica
Santa Mara website:
http://www.clinicasantamaria.cl/edu_paciente/infarto.htm [last
accessed 4 November 2014].Cardiac life supportsudden cardiac
arrestparo cardiorrespiratorioAbrupt, complete cessation of cardiac
activity with hemodynamic collapse, typically due to sustained
cardiac arrhythmia or myocardial infarction, which may be
reversible by the prompt application of life support techiques but
will lead to death in its absence.Adapted from: Mosbys Medical
Dictionary (1982/2013) Missouri: Elsevier/Mosby Publisher, 9th
edition and Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine (1950/2001)
New York: McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing, 15th edition."Sudden
cardiac arrest (SCA) and sudden cardiac death (SCD) refer to the
sudden cessation of cardiac activity, typically due to sustained
ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation."UpToDate website:
http://www.uptodate.com/contents/pathophysiology-and-etiology-of-sudden-cardiac-arrest
[last accessed 4 November 2014]."El paro cardiorrespiratorio
consistente en el cese de la actividad mecnica cardaca y se
diagnostica ante la falta de conciencia, pulso y respiracin."
Coma-Canellaa, Isabel; Luis Garca-Castrillo, Miguel Ruano et al.
(1999) 'Guas de actuacin clnica de la Sociedad Espaola de
Cardiologa en resucitacin cardiopulmonar', Revista Espaola de
Cardiologa 52(8): 589,
http://www.revespcardiol.org/es/guias-practica-clinica-sociedad-espanola/articulo/152/
[last accessed 4 November 2014].Cardiac life supportbasic life
supportsoporte vital bsicoConstellation of emergency procedures
consisting of activation of emergency response, basic
cardiopulmonary resuscitation and early defibrillation with an AED
to preserve or restore life in a SCA patient before treatment by
medically trained personnel is available. Berg, Robert; Robin
Hemphill;Benjamin Abella et al. (2010)'American Heart Association
Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency
Cardiovascular Care Part 5: Adult Basic Life Support', Circulation
122:(18 suppl): S685-S705,
http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/122/18_suppl_3/S685.full [last
accessed 4 November 2014]"Basic Life Support (BLS) refers to the
act of supporting an unconscious patient's breathing and
circulation in order to preserve their life and buy time for
professional emergency medical attention."Edinburgh University
Students' Association (EUSA) website:
http://www.eusa.ed.ac.uk/societies/society/blsedinburgh/aboutbls/
[last accessed 4 November 2014]."El Soporte Vital Bsico comprende
aquellas medidas que se deben poner en marcha ante una situacin de
parada cardiorrespiratoria con el fin de mantener esas funciones
hasta la llegada de los sistemas de emergencia sanitarios. Por lo
tanto, son medidas que DEBEN CONOCER TODOS LOS CIUDADANOS."Fabiani,
Rodrigo (2007) 'Soporte Vital Bsico', Mediblog de familia: el blog
de un mdico de familia, 9 December,
http://mediblogdefamilia.wordpress.com/2007/12/09/soporte-vital-basico/
[last accessed 4 November 2014].Cardiac life supportadvanced
cardiac life supportsoporte vital avanzadoConstellation of
emergency medical procedures applied by medically trained personnel
to preserve or restore life in a SCA patient treatment and which is
composed by advanced CPR, cardiac rhythm recognition,
defibrillation and pharmacotherapy. Adapted from: Driscoll, Peter,
Carl Gwinnutt, Kevin Mackway-Jones, Terry Wardle (eds) (1993/1997)
Advanced Cardiac Life Support: the practical approach, London:
Chapman & Hall Medical, 2nd edition, p 7. "Advanced Cardiac
Life Support (ACLS) is the use of sophisticated methods and
equipment to treat cardiopulmonary arrest. ACLS includes the use of
specialized equipment to maintain the airway, early defibrillation
and pharmacological therapy."Reference.MD online Medical
Encyclopedia website:
http://www.reference.md/files/D022/mD022561.html [last accessed 4
November 2014]."El Soporte Vital Avanzado incluye el manejo de la
va area, el apoyo a la ventilacin y el tratamiento de las
bradiarritmias y taquiarritmias."Asociacin Anestesia Reanimacin
Espaa AnestesiaR website:
http://anestesiar.org/2010/soporte-vital-avanzado-en-el-paciente-adulto-recomendaciones-2010/
[last accessed 4 November 2014].Cardiac life supportcardiopulmonar
resuscitationreanimacin cardiopulmonarEssential component of BLS
and ACLS which consists in an emergency procedure composed by
external cardiac compressions and expired air ventilations used in
cases of cardiac arrest and apnea to establish effective
circulation and ventilation. Adapted from: Mosbys Medical
Dictionary (1982/2013) Missouri: Elsevier/Mosby Publisher, 9th
edition."Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is the technique of chest
compressions combined with rescue breathing. The purpose of
cardiopulmonary resuscitation is to temporarily maintain a
circulation sufficient to preserve brain function until specialised
treatment is available. Rescuers must start CPR if the victim is
unresponsive and not breathing normally."Australian Resuscitation
Council website:
http://www.resus.org.au/policy/guidelines/section_8/cardiopulmonary_resuscitation.htm
[last accessed 4 November 2014]."La reanimacin cardiopulmonar es el
conjunto de maniobras o procedimientos destinados a dar soporte
vital, ventilatorio y circulatorio durante el paro
cardiorrespiratorio (CRP) y lograr el retorno de la circulacin
espontnea y la funcin cerebral." Hospital de los Angeles de Chile
(2010) 'Reanimacin Cardiopulmonar Avanzada'
http://www.hospitallosangeles.cl/system/files/Reanimaci%C3%B3n%20Cardiopulmonar%20Avanzada.pdf
[last accessed 4 November 2014].Cardiac life supportexpired air
ventilationventilacin artificial"Component of RCP which consists in
assisting or stimulating the respiration of a SCA patient to
provide oxygen to the lungs."Adapted from: Mosbys Medical
Dictionary (1982/2013) Missouri: Elsevier/Mosby Publisher, 9th
edition and Priceton University website:
https://www.princeton.edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki100k/docs/Artificial_respiration.html
[last accessed 1 November 2014]."Breath him (breath for him), this
means artificially ventilate him. This is done by expired air
ventilation after taking a deep inspiration filling is lung with
vital capacity, the resuscitator must breathe out into the patient
lungs as forceful as possible when the air is clear. This is
commonly called as 'Expired Air Ventilation'." Pillai, Ahanatha
(2007) Understanding Anaesthesiology, New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers
Medical Publishers, p. 402."La ventilacin artificial puede ser
administrada con distintas tcnicas, por ejemplo, boca a boca:
abriendo la va area, el reanimador toma una respiracin normal y a
continuacin sella su boca alrededor de la de la victima e insufla
lo suficiente como para elevar el trax de la victima. Si bien hay
pocos reportes de casos de transmisin de enfermedades
infectocontagiosas esta tcnica es segura y la probabilidad de
enfermedad es mnima."Universidad Catlica, Escuela de Medicina
website:
http://escuela.med.puc.cl/publ/rcp/reanimacion_cardiopulmonar_basica_adulto_textos.pdf
[last accessed 6 October 2014].Cardiac life supportexternal cardiac
compressioncompresin torcicaEssential component of RCP which
consists in a serial of rhythmic applications of pressure on the
lower part of the sternum to re-establish circulation of a SCA
patient.Adapted from: Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine (2002),
New York: McGraw-Hill Publishing and Mosbys Medical Dictionary
(1982/2013) Missouri: Elsevier/Mosby Publisher, 9th
edition."Circulatory assist procedures include external cardiac
compressions and fluid resuscitation. External cardiac compression
provides cardiac output when the infants intrinsic circulation is
inadequate , i.e., when the HR is less than 80. The correct point
for cardiac compression is just below the midsternum under which
lies the ventricles."Stanley, T.H. (ed.)(1988) Whats New in
Anesthesiology, Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers,p. 204. "La
Reanimacin cardiopulmonar de alta frecuencia emplea alta frecuencia
de compresiones torcicas en el masaje cardiaco externo, ms de 100
compresiones por minuto, consiguiendo mejoras en las presiones de
perfusin as como una mayor eliminacin de ETCO."Elvira Garca, Juan
(2003) 'Parmetros fisiolgicos de los reanimadores durante la
resuscitacin cardiopulmonar'
http://biblioteca.ucm.es/tesis/med/ucm-t26609.pdf p. 36 [last
accessed 4 November 2004]Cardiac life supportautomated external
defibrillatordesfibrilador externo automticoPortable computarised
defibrillator that incorporates a rhythm analysis and a
shock-advisory system to be used even by non-medical trained people
during the BLS to manage a SCA. Adapted from: 'ECC guidelines Part
4: the automated external defibrillator key link in the chain of
survival' (2000), Circulation 102(1): I-60 - I-62,
http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/102/suppl_1/I-60.full [last
accessed 4 November 2014]."An automated external defibrillator
(AED) is a portable device that checks the heart rhythm. If needed,
it can send an electric shock to the heart to try to restore a
normal rhythm."National Institutes of Health website:
http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/aed/ [last
accessed 4 November 2014]"Qu es el desfibrilador externo automtico
(DEA)? Es un pequeo aparato porttil, de poco peso, que puede
descargar una corriente al corazn a travs del trax, para que sta
pare la fibrilacin ventricular y permita que el corazn vuelva a un
ritmo normal saliendo del paro. Los desfibriladores externos
automticos hacen posible la resucitacin exitosa de un paro cardiaco
y pueden usarlos personas ajenas a la Medicina con algo de
entrenamiento o aun sin entrenamiento cuando han odo acerca de su
uso y utilidad."Matiz, Hernando (2009) 'El desfibrilador externo
automtico (DEA): un aparato que debe utilizarse en muchos sitios
para salvar vidas', Revista Colombiana de Cardiologa 16(4):
137-142,
http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0120-56332009000400001&lng=en&nrm=iso
[last accessed 4 November 2014].Cardiac life
supportdefibrillatordesfibriladorelectronic device that delivers
electrical shock at a present voltage to the myocardium in order to
restore the normal cardiac rhythm and rate during a fibrillation or
SCA.Adapted from: Mosbys Medical Dictionary (1982/2013) Missouri:
Elsevier/Mosby Publisher, 9th edition and FDA website:
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/ProductsandMedicalProcedures/CardiovascularDevices/ExternalDefibrillators/ucm232088.htm
[last accessed 4 November 2014]."A defibrillator delivers an
electrical current through the chest which aims to shock the heart
back into a normal rhythm allowing it to pump again."Community
Heartbeat website: http://www.communityheartbeat.org.uk/why.php
[last accessed 4 November 2014]."El desfibrilador restablece el
ritmo cardiaco normal mediante la aplicacin de una descarga
elctrica. Los hay externos (sobre la piel) e implantables
(definitivos), este ltimo solo est indicado para algunas
situaciones especficas."Fundacin del Corazn website:
http://www.fundaciondelcorazon.com/informacion-para-pacientes/tratamientos/desfibrilador.html
[last accessed 4 November 2014].Cardiac life supportcardiac
arrhythmiaarritmiaDeviation from normal pattern of the heartbeat
that may lead to a SCA and ultimately to death.Adapted from: Mosbys
Medical Dictionary (1982/2013) Missouri: Elsevier/Mosby Publisher,
9th edition."A cardiac arrhythmia is a problem with the rate or
rhythm of the heartbeat. During an arrhythmia, the heart can beat
too fast, too slow, or with an irregular rhythm." National
Institutes of Health website:
http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/arr/ [last
accessed 4 November 2014]."Una arritmia es una alteracin del ritmo
cardiaco. Pueden causar sntomas como palpitaciones, mareo, sncope,
dolor torcico o prdida de conocimiento, pero tambin pueden pasar
inadvertidas y detectarse casualmente cuando se realizan pruebas
diagnsticas. Pero para entender mejor qu es una arritmia, antes
debemos saber cmo y por qu late el corazn."Fundacin del Corazn
website:
hhttp://www.fundaciondelcorazon.com/informacion-para-pacientes/enfermedades-cardiovasculares/arritmias.html
[last accessed 4 November 2014].Cardiac life supportventricular
fibrillationfibrilacin ventricularshockable cardiac arrhythmia in
which the coordinated contraction of the ventricular myocardium is
replaced by high-frequency, disorganized excitation. adapted from:
Medscape website:
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/158712-overview [last
accessed 4 November 2014]."Fibrillation is an uncontrolled
twitching or quivering of muscle fibers (fibrils). When it occurs
in the lower chambers of the heart, it is called ventricular
fibrillation. During ventricular fibrillation, blood is not pumped
from the heart. Sudden cardiac death results."MedlinePlus website:
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/007200.htm [last
accessed 4 November 2014]."La fibrilacin ventricular es una
activacin rpida y desorganizada de los ventrculos, debido a la
aparicin de mltiples frentes de activacin simultneos. Durante la
fibrilacin ventricular no se produce una contraccin efectiva de los
ventrculos, por lo que se produce una parada cardiaca y la muerte
del paciente si ste no es inmediatamente reanimado. La nica manera
de restablecer el ritmo normal es mediante un choque elctrico
(desfibrilacin) precoz."Arritmias.es website:
http://www.arritmias.es/Las_arritmias/fibrilacion_ventricular.php?m=1
[last accessed 4 November 2014].Cardiac life supportPulseless
ventricular tachycardiataquicardia ventricular sin pulso Shockable
cardiac arrest rhythm marked by an accelerated heartbeat that
originates in one of the cardiac ventricles and which is
unaccompanied by a detectable pulse. Adapted from: Mosbys Medical
Dictionary (1982/2013) Missouri: Elsevier/Mosby Publisher, 9th
edition."Cardiac arrest, as a result of ventricular fibrillation or
pulseless ventricular tachycardia, is a common phenomenon, and the
only treatment available is defibrillation."Finamore, Sheila and
Sheila Turris (2008) 'Biphasic External Defibrillation for Adultsin
Ventricular Fibrillation or PulselessVentricular Tachycardia',
Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing 23(4): 326-329,
https://www.nursingcenter.com/_PDF_.aspx?an=00005082-200807000-00004
[last accessed 4 November 2014].Contexto: Las dos arritmias
desfibrilables son la Fibrilacin Ventricular "FV" (que provoca un
ritmo catico y desorganizado del corazn) y la Taquicardia
Ventricular Sin Pulso "TSVP" (el corazn tiene actividad elctrica
rtmica pero no es eficaz como bomba).Linares, David (2012)
'Desfibrilacin', Salvar Vidas blog, 29 February,
http://david-salvarvidas.blogspot.co.uk/2012/02/desfibrilacion.html
[last accessed 4 November 2014].Cardiac life supportCardiac life
support
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