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Chapter 13 & 14Chapter 13 & 14
Chapter 13: Physical & Cognitive Chapter 13: Physical & Cognitive Development in Middle AdulthoodDevelopment in Middle Adulthood
Chapter 14: Socioemotional Development Chapter 14: Socioemotional Development in in
Middle AdulthoodMiddle Adulthood40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s
PowerPoints developed by Jenni Fauchier, PowerPoints developed by Jenni Fauchier, Butchered by Professor CarneyButchered by Professor Carney
40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s
Changing MidlifeChanging Midlife Middle age starts later & lasts Middle age starts later & lasts
longerlonger 50 today…. 40’s a generation ago50 today…. 40’s a generation ago
Better shapeBetter shape More alertMore alert More productiveMore productive
Increasing % middle-aged & olderIncreasing % middle-aged & older Best-educated & most affluent Best-educated & most affluent
groupgroup
40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s
Middle AdulthoodMiddle Adulthood
Middle adulthood:Middle adulthood: Declining physical skills Declining physical skills Increased responsibilityIncreased responsibility Less time leftLess time left Reach & maintain satisfaction in Reach & maintain satisfaction in
careercareer
40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s
Physical ChangesPhysical Changes Visible signsVisible signs
Skin begins:Skin begins: WrinkleWrinkle SagSag
Age spotsAge spots Graying hairGraying hair
Desire to take control of aging processDesire to take control of aging process Plastic surgeryPlastic surgery BotoxBotox Weight controlWeight control VitaminsVitamins
40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s
Height & WeightHeight & Weight
Lose height Lose height Many gain weightMany gain weight
Body fat makes up:Body fat makes up: 20% or more of weight in midlife20% or more of weight in midlife 10% in adolescence10% in adolescence 1/3 of adults 40 – 59 obese 1/3 of adults 40 – 59 obese
40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s
Health IssuesHealth Issues Women 2x’s rate of Women 2x’s rate of
bone lossbone loss Bones break more easilyBones break more easily Heal more slowlyHeal more slowly
Need for glasses &/or Need for glasses &/or bifocalsbifocals Near vision decreasesNear vision decreases
Health IssuesHealth Issues
Hearing declinesHearing declines Sensitivity to high pitches Sensitivity to high pitches decreasesdecreases
Men lose sensitivity earlierMen lose sensitivity earlierExposure to occupational Exposure to occupational noisenoise
40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s
40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s
SleepSleep 40’s40’s
More wakeful periodsMore wakeful periods Less deepest sleepLess deepest sleep
Feel less restedFeel less rested Sleep problems more common Sleep problems more common
for:for: Higher # of prescriptionsHigher # of prescriptions Higher # of nonprescription Higher # of nonprescription ObeseObese DepressedDepressed Cardiovascular diseaseCardiovascular disease
40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s
Chronic DisordersChronic Disorders
Chronic disorders rare in early Chronic disorders rare in early adulthoodadulthood
40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s
Hormonal ChangesHormonal Changes Women Women
MenopauseMenopause Menstrual periods ceaseMenstrual periods cease PerimenopausePerimenopause
Transitional period Transitional period Normal menstrual to noneNormal menstrual to none
Side effects varySide effects vary Cross cultural studies reveal Cross cultural studies reveal
wide variationswide variations
40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s
Hormonal ChangesHormonal Changes Men Men
Most do not lose ability to Most do not lose ability to fatherfather
Small decline in:Small decline in: Sexual hormone levelSexual hormone level Sexual activitySexual activity
““Male menopause” Male menopause” Psychological adjustment to overall Psychological adjustment to overall
decline decline Probably not due to hormonal change Probably not due to hormonal change
Most erectile dysfunctionsMost erectile dysfunctions Physiological problemsPhysiological problems Treatment focused on drug therapyTreatment focused on drug therapy
40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s
40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s
MemoryMemory
Some decline later in Some decline later in middle agemiddle age More time needed to learn More time needed to learn
new informationnew information Long-term memoryLong-term memory
Less reliableLess reliable More time to retrieve More time to retrieve informationinformation
Increase when strategies not Increase when strategies not usedused
40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s
ExpertiseExpertise
Expertise in middle adulthoodExpertise in middle adulthood Having extensive, highly organized Having extensive, highly organized
knowledge & understanding in a knowledge & understanding in a particular domainparticular domain Result of many years ofResult of many years of
ExperienceExperience LearningLearning EffortEffort
Chapter 14Chapter 14
Socioemotional Development in Socioemotional Development in Middle AdulthoodMiddle Adulthood
40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s
PowerPoints developed by Jenni Fauchier, PowerPoints developed by Jenni Fauchier, Butchered by Professor CarneyButchered by Professor Carney
40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s
40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s
Vailliant’s “Grant Study”Vailliant’s “Grant Study”
MidlifeMidlife Time of reassessingTime of reassessing Recalling truth about adolescence & Recalling truth about adolescence &
adulthoodadulthood MinorityMinority of adults experience a of adults experience a
crisis in midlifecrisis in midlife
40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s
Stress in MidlifeStress in Midlife
Experience fewer stressors Experience fewer stressors cannot controlcannot control
Frequent stressorFrequent stressor Interpersonal tensionInterpersonal tension““crossover stressors”crossover stressors”
Simultaneous demands of Simultaneous demands of multiple rolesmultiple roles
40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s
Stability & ChangeStability & Change
Personality traitsPersonality traits NOT fixed at a certain ageNOT fixed at a certain age
Cumulative personality modelCumulative personality model Over time people become more Over time people become more
adept: adept: Interacting with their environment to Interacting with their environment to
promote stabilitypromote stability
Some change more than othersSome change more than others
40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s
Divorce in middle adulthoodDivorce in middle adulthood
couples may be alienated & avoidantcouples may be alienated & avoidant lacking laughter, love, & interest in one lacking laughter, love, & interest in one
another another divorce may be more positive in some divorce may be more positive in some
ways & more negative in othersways & more negative in others + often more resources+ often more resources + children less “damaged” & can cope better+ children less “damaged” & can cope better minus -- may be seen as personal failure or as minus -- may be seen as personal failure or as
betrayalbetrayal
Close RelationshipsClose Relationships
40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s
Close RelationshipsClose Relationships
Love & MarriageLove & Marriage affectionate, companionate love affectionate, companionate love
increases in middle adulthoodincreases in middle adulthood security, loyalty, & mutual security, loyalty, & mutual
emotional interest become more emotional interest become more importantimportant
even difficult marriages become better even difficult marriages become better adjusted in middle adulthoodadjusted in middle adulthood
married people express satisfactionmarried people express satisfaction
40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s
Empty NestEmpty Nest Empty nest syndromeEmpty nest syndrome
Decline in marital satisfaction after children leave Decline in marital satisfaction after children leave homehome
Time to pursue other interests, career, & each Time to pursue other interests, career, & each otherother
Refilling of the nestRefilling of the nest Young adult children return homeYoung adult children return home
Save moneySave money Recover from career set-backRecover from career set-back
PermaparentingPermaparenting Reluctance to let go of adult childrenReluctance to let go of adult children
Parents continue to provide emotional &/or Parents continue to provide emotional &/or financial supportfinancial support
40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s
Class ExerciseClass Exercise
Generation GapGeneration Gap NewsletterNewsletter