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Life Science. Four major chemical/organic compounds in all living things. 1.carbohydrates 2.lipids 3.proteins 4.nucleic acids. Cell Biology (molecular biology). What are the basic building blocks of life? Functions: 1. DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid – genetic instructions, usually double - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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LIFE SCIENCE
1.carbohydrates
2.lipids
3.proteins
4.nucleic acids
FOUR MAJOR CHEMICAL/ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN ALL LIVING THINGS
What are the basic building blocks of life?Functions:
1. DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid – genetic instructions, usually double
2. RNA: ribonucleic acid – genetic instructions, single stranded
CELL BIOLOGY (MOLECULAR BIOLOGY)
Transcription:Occurs in nucleus writes DNA to RNA
Translation:Occurs outside the nucleus and transcribes the mRNA
to tRNA & codons (proteins)
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
Animal Cell Plant Cell
CELL ANATOMY
Animal Cell
Components & Functions
Plant Cell
Components & Functions
[°C] = ([°F] - 32) × 5/9
[°F] = [°C] × 9/5 + 32
Kelvin = [°C] + 273
TEMPERATURE CONVERSIONS
MITOSIS: CELL SPLITTING IN EU/KARY/OTIC
MEIOSIS: CELL DIVISION FOR SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
Mitosis/Meiosishttp://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/
student_view0/chapter2/animation__comparison_of_meiosis_and_mitosis__quiz_1_.html
MITOSIS VS. MEIOSIS
BacteriaRed blood cellsStem cellsBacteria spore
LIFE SPAN OF CELLS
CellTissueOrganOrgan systemorganism
LEVEL OF HIERARCHY IN ORGANISMS
ANATOMY: MAIN BODY SYSTEMS
ANATOMY: BODY SYSTEMS
Function: MOVEMENT!Voluntary: arms move Involuntary: stomach, heartSkeletal: help body to moveSmooth: help organs moveCardiac: heart
1. MUSCULAR SYSTEM
Function: Support, movement, protects organsBones:LigamentsTendons
SKELETAL SYSTEM
Sends messages throughout bodyCNS: Brain and spinal cordPNS: nerves that go off the CNS
NERVOUS SYSTEM
SightHearingTouchTasteSmell
5 SENSES
Sends messages throughout the bodyOrgans: kidney, pancreas, brainGlands: release hormones (Thyroid gland, pituitary
gland)Hormones: chemicals that send messages, triggers
changes (growth, metabolism) (HGH)
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Body’s transport system: blood, hormones, O2Heart: pumps bloodVeins, arteries, capillaries lungs
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
Defense systemLymph nodesWhite blood cells
LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
Exchanges O2 and CO2noseTracheaBronchial tubesLungsAlveoli sacs
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Breaks down food for energy Mouth and saliva (chewing)EsophagusStomach (breaks down food with acids) Intestines (absorption)Anus (waste)
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
Eliminate toxins and wastesKidneys (filter)Ureters (transport)Urinary bladderUrethra (gets rid of waste)
URINARY SYSTEM
Allows humans to reproduceMale: Sperm, testesFemale: egg (ovum), uterusLots of hormones involved with this system
(testosterone, estrogen…)
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
ProtectionSkin – largest organ
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
Chewing, speaking, health – 32 teeth total2 sets of teeth:
1. 2.
Types of Teeth Incisors: 8Canines/cuspids: 4Premolars: 8Molars: 8Third Molars: 4*
TEETH
______________: when the body cannot synthesize enough of the nutr ient that i t requires i t f rom its d iet
______________: come from the earth Classified for what they do Vitamin A/carotenoids : v is ion, bone growth, repro, ce l l d iv is ion, immune system
( l iver , beef , mi lk , carrots , sp inach) Vitamin B2/riboflavin: body growth, repro, RBC Vitamin B6 : metabol ism, cata lyst & rxns, energy (beef , l iver , s tarches, f ru it (not
c i trus) Vitamin B12 : required for RBC format ion, neuron format ion and DNA
synthes is(fish, meat, poultry, eggs, mi lk) Folic Acid (B9 v i tamin) : growth Vitamin C: ant ioxidant , ant iv i ra l agent (c i t rus , broccol i , chestnuts Vitamin D : ca lc ium absorpt ion, bone growth/strength (comes f rom the sun and
some foods – fish and some da iry) Vitamin E : ant ioxidant , fa t decomposit ion, immune (nuts, seeds, o i ls , leafy
greens) Vitamin K : B lood c lott ing, regulates b lood calc ium leve ls (avocado, berr ies ,
greens, nuts) http: / /www.healtha lternat ives2000.com/vi tamins-nutr i t ion-chart .html http: / /www.healtha lternat ives2000.com/vi tamins-nutr i t ion-chart .html
VITAMINS & NUTRIENTS
Anti/bios: against/life Drugs to treat infections caused by ______________TBPenicillinKills bacteria and stops them from multiplyingNot effective with ______________.
ANTIBIOTICS
Biotic and abiotic (living and non living) that make up a biological environment
ECOSYSTEM
FOOD CHAIN
Mutualism: both members mutually benefit
Commensalism: one benefits while the other is unaffected
Parasitism: one benefits at the expense of the other (host)
symbiotic examples
SYM/BIOTIC RELATIONSHIPS
SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIPS
