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Life in a Four percent Universe Dr. C.P. Girijavallabhan Professor Emeritus International School of Photonics CUSAT

Life in a Four percent Universe

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Life in a Four percent Universe. Dr. C.P. Girijavallabhan Professor Emeritus International School of Photonics CUSAT. Our Changing Views of the Universe. Ptolemaic System till 16 th century Galileo and the telescope (1609) The Copernican revolution Kepler’s laws and Newton’s theories - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Life in a Four percent Universe

Life in a Four percent Universe

Dr. C.P. GirijavallabhanProfessor Emeritus

International School of PhotonicsCUSAT

Page 2: Life in a Four percent Universe

Our Changing Views of the Universe

Ptolemaic System till 16th centuryGalileo and the telescope (1609)The Copernican revolutionKepler’s laws and Newton’s theoriesBirth and death of stars and galaxiesHubble’s law and the expanding universeThe Big Bang and the origin

Page 3: Life in a Four percent Universe

20th Century Astronomy

• Astronomy made an exact science• Edwin Hubble and Hubble’s Law• Stellar dynamics and S. Chandrasekhar• Bing Bang Hypothesis- Dicke, Jim Peeble• Penzias and Wilson- 3.5K CMB• Gamow, Fritz Zwicky – Galactic rotation• Vera Rubin and Kent Ford

Page 4: Life in a Four percent Universe

Edwin Hubble- Father of modern astronomy

Page 5: Life in a Four percent Universe

Mount Wilson 100” telescope used by Hubble

Page 6: Life in a Four percent Universe

New Age Astronomy and Astrophysics

• Exploration of Space• The Hubble Space Telescope• COBE satellite• Super Novae as standard candle• High Z supernova observations• Saul -Perlmutter, Brian Schmidt & Adam Riess

and Nobel Prize 2011• Accelerating expansion and dark energy

Page 7: Life in a Four percent Universe

Roational Anomaly of Galaxies

Vera Rubin

Page 8: Life in a Four percent Universe

Variation of planetary velocities in solar system

Page 9: Life in a Four percent Universe

Measurement of speed of rotation of Galaxies:Doppler effect

Page 10: Life in a Four percent Universe

A cooled Si detector chip for image enhancement

Page 11: Life in a Four percent Universe

Andromeda Galaxy NGC 4414

Page 12: Life in a Four percent Universe

Speed of rotation of Galaxy perpendicular to axis

Page 13: Life in a Four percent Universe

Gravitational lensing effect

Page 14: Life in a Four percent Universe

Gravitational lensing effect

Page 15: Life in a Four percent Universe

Bullet Cluster- picture of colliding Galaxies

Page 16: Life in a Four percent Universe

Dark matter pervades the space between Galaxies

Page 17: Life in a Four percent Universe

Dark matter in pink colour

Page 18: Life in a Four percent Universe

Anisotropy in microwave background:COBE satellite result

Page 19: Life in a Four percent Universe

Type Ia Supernova Light curve

Page 20: Life in a Four percent Universe

1987a Supernova

Page 21: Life in a Four percent Universe

1987a Supernova deep field view

Page 22: Life in a Four percent Universe

2012 Nobel Prize winners in Physics

Page 23: Life in a Four percent Universe

Supernova in large Megallenic cloud

Page 24: Life in a Four percent Universe

Supernovae against the back ground of Galaxies

Page 25: Life in a Four percent Universe

Supernova X-ray picture

Page 26: Life in a Four percent Universe

Supernova 1994 D

Page 27: Life in a Four percent Universe

Velocity vs distance for faraway nebula

1 parsec= 3.6 light years

Page 28: Life in a Four percent Universe

Type Ia supernova data

Page 29: Life in a Four percent Universe

Distribution of Dark and ordinary matter in the Universe

Page 30: Life in a Four percent Universe

Unresolved Questions

• Gravity –where does it come from?• How can it be made compatible with quantum

field theory?• How do the laws of universe originate?• Laws first or matter first?• What is time? Is it real or a myth?• How does consciousness arise in unconscious

matter?• Is it all real or simply a dream?


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