Life cycle thinking using BIM for y g gimproved FM

Kufstein International FM & REM Congress 2010

Dag Fjeld Edvardsen, PhDSINTEF/Catenda AS

Guri Krigsvoll, Dr. Ing, Ass. ProfessorSINTEF/Oslo University Collegey g

FM/REM• Good FM & good REM = making good decisions at the right

timetime• Good decisions = knowing the alternatives, and choosing the

i htright one• Choosing the right alternative = Good analysis of good data• But is this data available?

V f ( d i k i / ll / i )• Very often: no (and it can take time/money to collect/structure it)

• It is sad that we don’t have access to this data• Because “we” have thrown it away!• Because we have thrown it away!• It did exist in the building/maintenance process, but it was

d i d I i l ilnot stored in a structured way It is no longer easily available

Th d t thThrow away data = throw away money

(because lack of good data bad decisions money lost)lost)

• One of the reason why data was lost is that the computer systems don’t talk to each other

• What we need is a way that all the actors in the• What we need is a way that all the actors in the construction/fm/rem process can save and restore d t i t t d b ildi i f tidata in a structured way: a building information model

• We need an open and international standard for information exchangeinformation exchange

W dWe need ...

• IFC (“Industry Foundation Classes”)• An object oriented file format/database• An object oriented file format/database• An open, independent international ISO-standard• How to save/restore and transfer information

• IFD (“International Framework for Dictionaries”)( )• An ontology-system .. How to define terms and how they relate to

each other. The IFD database exists, and contain many terms, y• Define what “things” really mean

• IDM (“Information Delivery Manual”)• IDM ( Information Delivery Manual )• When and how should which actor deliver what information• A contract about delivering the correct information at the right

time

BIMBIM

• BIM = Building Information ModelA d b i i ll l i f i• A database containing all relevant information

• BIM = 3D?• Yes, typically. But it is so much more!!

• Open BIM = IFC (and IFD)• Open BIM = IFC (and IFD)• NB: Standard tools like Revit, Archicad, AutoCad,

Bentley etc. etc. can export/import IFC files

IFC f tIFC formatISO-10303-21;;HEADER;FILE_DESCRIPTION (('ArchiCAD 9.00 Release 1 generated IFC file.', 'Build Number of

the Ifc 200 interface: 01038 (30-06-2004)\X\0D\X\0A'), '2;1');A (' i i if ' '2006 11 20 12 38 14' ('A i ') (' i i iFILE_NAME ('testbuilding.ifc', '2006-11-20T12:38:14', ('Architect'), ('Building Designer

Office'), 'PreProc - IFC Toolbox Version 2.0 (99/07/01)', 'Windows System', 'The authorising person.');

FILE SCHEMA (('IFC20 LONGFORM'));FILE_SCHEMA (( IFC20_LONGFORM ));ENDSEC;DATA;#6 = IFCPERSON ('FamilyName', $, $, $, $, (), ());#6 IFCPERSON ( FamilyName , $, $, $, $, (), ());#7 = IFCORGANIZATION ('OrganizationName', (), (), $);#8 = IFCORGANIZATION ('Graphisoft', (), (), $);#9 = IFCAPPLICATION ('ArchiCAD', 'ArchiCAD 8.0 (Graphisoft)', '8.0', #8);#10 = IFCPERSONANDORGANIZATION (#6, #7, ());#11 = IFCTRANSACTION (1163986694, #10, #9);#12 = IFCAUDITTRAIL (1163986694, $, #10, $, #9, $, (#11));#14 IFCSIUNIT (* LENGTHUNIT $ METRE )#14 = IFCSIUNIT (*, .LENGTHUNIT., $, .METRE.);[…]

IFDIFD(“International Framework for Dictionaries”)

Using IFD to map between standardsUsing IFD to map between standards

Information Delivery Manual (IDM)[P ][Process map]

I d i t t d f BIMIncreased interest and usage of BIM

Shifti th t th l ftShifting the curve to the left

R i t d t tRequirements and targets

• What ?R i hi h h b i fi d if• Requirement = something that has to be satisfied, if not a formal decision has to be made. Example: cost = max 10

illmill euro• Target = a ”soft” requirement, something that we want,

but it is not 100% necessary. Example: Energy performance in the best 5% for this type of building. Of i li k dOften requirements are linked to targets.

R i tRequirements

• Set them early• If th d t b f l th th i i il• If they proved to be useful, then reuse them in similar cases

in the future• Store the project specific ones in the Building Information

model (so that it is accessible for everyone)• Examine the consequences of requirements in a Life Cycle

perspectivep p• Requirements are often linked to targets• Track adding/changing/deleting requirements (when, who)

E i tEnergy requirements

C t i tCost requirements

E i t l i tEnvironmental requirements

Value chains, value, valuers and , ,valuation

1. Idea

2 Design2. Design

3. Constuction

4. Maintenance

5. Changega) Redesign

b) End-of-life)

c) Sell valuation

For all ”changes” under pt. 5 information from upstream would be valuable – including valuationg

“ImmoValue”“ImmoValue”• A research project financed by the

European Commission, with national co-financing (ENOVA in Norway)financing (ENOVA in Norway)

• Goal: investigate how valuation can/should change to take into accountcan/should change to take into account Energy Performance (and EPCs) through a LCC way of thinkingy g

• Valuers: they do not make the market, but they estimate what is a ”fair” price y pfor a building. They need data too

• www.immovalue.org

I tiIncentives

• Q: If the market starts to pay more for buildings with high energy performance (and less for the “bad”high energy performance (and less for the bad ones)..

• ..will this, as such, lead to the construction of more energy efficient buildings..gy g

• .. because if/when you sell it you get more $$$ ??• If so, the valuers/valuations are a part of the

incentive-loop p

C l iConclusions• Data = good• Data = good

• Data => better decisions => more money• Because money = good• And: Data => better decision => more sustainable solutions!• Sustainable = this is good too!

• Hence:Hence:• Loosing/not saving data = bad!

Setting requirements is a start of the process of data tracking Begin to demand the information in an *open* BIM format

(IFC + IFD) Then it is available and future proof!(IFC + IFD). Then it is available and future proof!