I -

( D

KJILDIHS OP * y?UTH LgACU»>~ 7 f b '7 7

„ Our Sooth oan only win the it •rest* and confidence of the maasea of Youth, and

thus d *f«d the Youth nore affectively if our organisation is ke*aly i tores tod in the Youth and their activities and probLwjaecondly aa an organisation rtiioh is dedicated to a4rre tha Youth and tho people of our country,we muat atruggla vigorously to aatiafy THE UHJHW NSEDB OF THIS YOUTH; in order to know the urgent needa of the Youth, we must LEARN from tha Youth.Finally, wvery failute to achieve reaponae from the Youth he not due to some defect in the Youth but iB due to some mistake in our method of tiying to rally the Youth. Our task, therefore, in every campaign, meeting, or activity, ia to evaluate the effect of the activity, to aaaoss its suooosa or failure with a wiew to eliminating the mistakee and so inprove cur organisation.

The Political oonoiousnes of the Youth oan be raised, and their Unity increased

by a programae whioh based on the vital intereets of the Youth and their vital needs.

THE I NTEKE3T8 AIQ NSEDS OF YOUTH

A1. Recreational: An interest and Problera of the Youth generally:

1 . The recreational facilities of our Youth are extremely p o o r .Branches oust organise the Youth for more and better equipped sports ground in their localities - activities for gymasiuos, e.g. club halls and

bathing facilities, swimming baths etc.

2. Branches oan organise games for Ycuth e.g. Draughts, Snakee and Ladders etc, and sporting activities e.g. Youth League Sports Club.

t B. Interests ijid Needs Of Youth Workers i>nd Peasant Youth.

L. In Urban Areas: Campaign against:- Peas Raids and passes

N_, Unemployment and the Verwooerd Labour C-siaps,(o) Restrictions and limitation of evenues of employment - I>emand

increased working opportunities for Youth and the extention ofs

skilled.work for jJ’rican Youth.Low Pay and the increased Cost of Living,The attack on Trade Unions -Unite the Youth and the Workers

lie

$

2. In Rural Areas : Campaign against:-(a) The exploitation rif children and Youth - uemand the protectionof

the child and better working conditions for the parenta.(b) The shotage of land and the culling of stock, which are an impoveri­

shment of the peasants and result in the poor conditicna under

which the Youth have to grow.

C. Young Wooen ’Vorkcrc.

It ia most in^ortant that efforts be made by branches to study the speoialn

needa and interests of young women workers and to win them into the struggle.

Young women suffer double oppresion and exploitation. The evenue of enqployment open to them is that of Domesti Servants, where they are miserably underpaid.

Branches should encourage the participation of women in executives and conmitte

aa.

Proffoasional Youth

luirsee : Campaign for equal training facilities — mere training oenters, equal

pay and better conditions for work.Teachers: For training facilities^and conditions of work, (set- under Ifurses) Bducation: One of the coat urgent problens of our country aroung which we can unite parenta, teachers and Youth. Campaign for the resistance to the Verwoerd plan (aee detailed plan) - demand progreasive education - free campuls ory education - progressive syllabus - technical training facilities - employme

nt for all Youth in spheres in which they have been trained.

D. Political .jialysla.

Tha baaio task of the A.N.C.Y.L. is to raiae the politioal consciousness of

jfche Youth, to educate them in the oriaia facing the country, and to organise them

4 ^

- 2-

D. Political Analysis.

The basic task of the A'.N.O'.Y.L.is to raise the f ° " “° l0"

O T o « g‘ n!se°?hei ^ “ tbJSSrth W »°

b^educated'ln^ the^baslc^politlcal line ’’of’ the' African National Congress.

1 " * ' ( a ) The A .N .C . is opposed to imperialism and stands for the solida- tlty of Africans with the Oppressed and exploited peoples of th

W° r l (b) i.lliance with democratic forces In South Africa and in the

W° rl(c) Uncoaproml3lng opposition to White domination, apartheid and the oppress?! and e lic ita t io n of the African people and other groups in South Africa, and demand a democratic South Alrica.

E. Organisational Prtnsclples.

In order to succed in our task of building a Mass Youth Leaguef> our organisational methods must be based on the principles.-

(aJ Reliance on the African National Congress.The a .N .C . Is

already a mass organisation. Itspowerful and ^ l L e s trhachinery can assist us in building our mass Youth League. "he co-ordination of activities should be observed between the YouthLeague organs with the co rresp o n d^ organs of the A .N .C .

(b ) We must initiate Youth associations where they do not existo qtudent organisations. Youth clubs etc.

(c ) We must'co-operate, strengthen and give guidance to Youth organisations which ‘ already exist by giving close, real and personal

contact vrlth these organisations. .-tprpqts(d) We must organise mass Youth activities based on t h e inteje3ts

and problems of the Youth e .g . regional conferences, picnics, festivals,

° 0nC( f ) 3L eorder that we nay asse. failure or success in our organisa­tional wotk Provincial executives arid Branches must submit reguia monthly reports with a view of evarhting our activities.

The strenghth of our organisation liesin the co-ordination of

activities of the various organs of the a . h .C .

F. Youth Activities.

Bulletines: The publication of Youth bulletines based on Branch

Provincial, and liational levels is essential.( i ) Each issue should be carefully Prepared.( i i ) it should reflect the activities of Youth and the .outh

creative work. _ . , , „( i l l ) Political matter should be carefully scrutinised

(iv ) Efery°effort should be made to make it a Youth paper, written by the Youth, for the interestsof the Youth.

(v) Copies of every Youth League bulletine must be to . Provincial and National Executives for careful study, critioi

('b') DramadGroups?'The organisation of Youth must with drama g r o u p s ''Which should be formed in every looallty and sohool,

e .g . Plays, culture.

This should however not be taken as oor.ijBhensive and .programme but only as a guide. Criticisms and suggestion are therefore

invited and will be welcomed#

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] w i c A M ha a t . ^ nrri ..................... _ : J ] n £ 7

1* TWune: ~~ "

grass £ ® u tH e % °^ !? ® § % % ? % ” t h a w , l0an National c_nl

2. a im s a , d o a r ^ " ’ COngreSS r° Uth t“ ® " *

/. x ■ unity aaon^nAfrloanryouthatl0nal 00n30l0usr-as= and

C a n S i f / n ^ r S ^ ^ S f “ • , " * ! « * National African ;>€opIo. National liberation of the

£*rJ-oa.a n ^ t h ^ w o r ld !001100110 &Ed 300ial Problems of

advancim eS"orifricanCYoSth.10n&1' m°ral and oultural

5 . OFFICIALS.

Officials shall be as follows:-

(a)> S e a s S ? e ^ J d C(tfn^ Vice-Secretary,(Herein styled O .P .o .) ProPaganda and Organisation

(b ) . Speaker and DeP- ' • Speaker.

4. Duties, rights and powers of officials:

A« Zgesldent:

- co< * £ 3 i E , S ^ f f i ° s S i Y!

rill'i w ™ 6 perforniAnO® of duty by

S i l S J i R f S T ^ & S 2 j « of th . decisions

(<r ) f * the oonferenoe® ve o o m t t f aa . ,1 1 as ClrJ. H. shall be oo-sW orr of all oiequ„ .

yiC0—Pre8ldan,t:*

dent shall^njoy t h e ^ M e ^ i i h F Presidenti the V^ee-Presi-

and discharge the same d u t ie f J \ £ ' g £ l d£ l Bam9 P°Wera

c* SBCHSTARY.

■J* m l t h ^ U * letter or any other approved

‘ w e u ‘t s 1of' - ^ “a L o X i r T c o ™ ? ^ ® 8 ° f the inference as He shall read t“ aS!l£* ° ° 7 ^ » ® ® ^ f t l n g s . meeting and move that such ninutB^h 3 conferenoe or conference or meeting as a ^ n ^ ! \ be ac°®Pted by the renoe or meeting. correct reoord of the confe-

the Congress Youth^eague S d w r it ^ L id *Si addressed to

i eS ^ ^ the Press, f ^ i ^ u l ^ ^ b ^ e s : X t ^ t ^ 11

throueh tS"received. nference or meeting official letters

, , , u n le ss^ ^ t U ^ h l o tte r s written( ’i ) . He shala immediately hunn e decides otherwise,

/ , monies reoeived on behalf o?6^ Trea3urer all

n ; T« 3h aU b* 00-s^ n a t o r /t o a n e„he°^eaer 1®agU®'D, VICS SECRETARY.

( i i ) .

( l i i ) .

(ir).

'.t ) .

(r i ) .

S®oretArv^Ihiv?bo ^ ? bsfu?0_?f th® Secretary, the Vioe-righta, disohari

— —- ^ r o i a w i e absenoe of

I ^ S ^ s r t h ® ® “ ® — “g® the same 3eoret**jr» r-Dfc

- 2 -

E. TREASURER.*v

( i ) . He shall collect, receive and bank all monies belonging tc the Congress Youth League.

( l i ) . He shall issue receipts to all payers*( i i i ) . He shall lay before the meeting or conference plans for

raising funds for the Congress Youth League.(iv)* He shall sign all cheques on behalf of the Congress Youth

League*(v ). He shall present to the Executive Committee at the end of

each year an audited revenue and expedi:.f’iro account and a balance-sheet made up for the year; the same shall presented to the conference by the Exeoutive Committee.

P. O .P .O .

( l ) . He shall see to it that the true attitude and policy of the Congress Youth League is reflected in the Press and in publio,

( l l ) . He shall send artioles at least once a month to the Pressunless the Exeoutive deems lc harmful or prejudicial to the Congress of the Youth League.

( i l l ) He shall organise the branches of the Congress Youth League and report in <he Executive C .^.ittee meetings in the con­ference and in the press about his organizational activities,

(iv ) He shall hand over to the treasurer all monies that he may reoive on behalf of the Congress Youth League.

4. THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.

(a ) Constitution.

The Bxeoutive Committee shall consist of the officials and five additional members; all shall be elected by conference. Vaoanoi® shall be filled by co-option by the Exeoutive Co­mmittee.

Duties of the Executive Committee.

To promote and impliraent the aims of the Congress Youth League. To Initiate and speak on proposals and to arrange a definite programme and agenda before conference.To carry out the wishes and decisions of the conference.To report all its activities at every corf erence.To appoint or elect officials other than the President, from among the ten elected members of the Executive.

( f ) To expel or cause to resign, any official i f it deems it right in the interests of the Congress Youth League.

(g ) The branch and provincial executive committees shall meet eveiy seoond week of the month. The National Executive Committee shall meet once in every three months. Emergency meetings may be convened at any time.

5. CONFERENCE.

$

(a ) The Provincial Conference shall meet twice a year, and the National Conference annually.Only members shall have the right to vote.Conference shall discuss anything connected with the Congress Youth League.Conference shall elect the President and his committee. Conference shall be presld ed over by the Speaker and Deputy- Speaker.

( f ) Conference shall make rules for the running and management of the meetings.

6. ffimpsHTP-

(a ) Mamberahlp is open to all Afrloan men and women between the «g«9 ft 12 and 40.

$L- j o t v A / 3 . . • .«*•»■

(b) Members shall pay a registration fee of 2/- for adults 6d for children under the aee of 17* who hava - A ?

?!?a raad* th* to abide by the Youth Learuo 3 creed1"3(0 ) right £ ? otI T age °f 14 “'“ r.v Z T m V u Z 't

(d) lliS®and“if?h . 2f . other 3f°tlo:is of the oonnuaLty *ho live iiifi ♦ J? Africans with the general outlook cr 111'--

2 ^ . ° bC0” e

subscription fee°or that^body be0<,"“ U a b le ‘ to “ ““ 1

“ S - f f i f s l! r . ; s , r : ; . r « r s , ; ; ; “ u s , r

day of April cf” h2t yea?.06®3” to be a me"rt’er on the 6th

7. FINANCE.

M annual registration fee of 2/- per member.

° S S l f e Sha11 SPP° lnt’ at “ S ftest

members^to9plan ^ d ^ i T c ! S ^ i n d s ™ & o ™ i

Joeo f oit be “ s ,er ‘ ble t0 th* Executive and shall have powerto co-opt persons outside the Executive. P

8* CONGRESS YOUTH LEAGUE BRANCHES.

W League” “ ’“h'’1'3 ° r '”° re f ° Und a iranoh of the Congress Youth

< w r s a f , s : : : ;

w . . . a s ; 5 ! s * a . s

S j e formed frora the Executives of the respectivet h ^ a ^ T a l nf the r co" nrdlnating committee provided that red. Congress iouth League Executive is recui-

^ C°nference may lay down a method of representa-ferences^ &t branches in Provincial and National Con-

. WORKING COMMITTEE.

^ pilL + ? n i °? al^Exef U^ive Comnilttee shall immediately upofielection instruct the President to acpoint a workinp cr'nnitte of seven members provided that the s4id members o ' the wSrk-i ng Committee are resident within fifty miles radius rf tSI

Place of abode and provided further that where a fiatf10 nuj^ e r cannot be obtained from the members of the

Executive, the President with or without consulting f committee members shall have the ri^ht’ to co-ont

quired°number?^reSS '"°Uth memberS to S k « u p °t K r £

^ Exeoutive?^ Conmittee sha11 be responsible to the National

( 0 )

. . o ^ lt h L ! he ',oriclnc Co,™ lttee sh a U 3et

d t h e r e p o r t s t o t h e N a t l o n £ i

c“™ lttee shall hold its routine meetings onoe

st££es deSind? meet at °tller tlrae should

/ ■ • • • • • • • • V * •

10 . R E S IG N S TOM

- 4 -

H . J ZiW},£NT.

12. GEiVER^l .

1^ matter a^i^pci #„_ ». ■

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y n ■M/e Y (_

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Usings No'rgeeftei°jbut$i-wvewU-Xkls. l M k . W i

Am U |« r t n t *«tkuao

la Um TlalM l U n i m tf U erg^fSetf u*W«*r w w ^ , n u . * m j ^ * e

tm N M B l Itira, b n w t m m a r p tm l with the i m l i p m t of U i

U t o H t l M M T M M l 1* C M r i l i tlni i k i U u « llbaratU i t r g u l i t l l n i

m k M the Afrieen It t ln il O M ( m i o i t H ia liM C M g m i U t i ,

particularly In the peat j t v , iaproved their ort«Bl«itlouf l u m a ^

their M BM riklp and D h «m nor* allitant, the youth lovtiMt hae, la

*•*•***# to refleot this developaent* The feet le that there hae

**•* • to organise t-he wide nasses of young people 1b South

Africa* h a t this Is the ease Is shows by the foil owl eg brief review

• f the present state of the youth aaereaeaW

Apart frea various sporting organisations, the Soa^Murepean

Boys and girls clubs Associations ax*? one or too other ainilar

or®*®!sations, all of whish sre entirely of s non politisal character,

the only organisation ©storing fdr the African youth Is the Afrlaaa

Congress Youth League- The ASCTL was apparently originally foraed as e

prossnre group within the AXC and, exsept fot the Eastern Province

branch, hae renained as sueh untill the present tiae* This orgaAlaation

sonslsts mainly of inteleetuala who feel they aust wateh ever the policy

of the AJfC and no atteapt is aade to organiae wide sections of young

Afrlean workers, scholars or peasants- The result is that the Youth

League has soaparitively few aenbers and little influence aaong the

youth*. Aa indicated the only possible exception is in the Masters

Province where soae att^apt la aade to organise s aaas youth organisation!

Little lapact has beea aade on the Indian youth*- In the Tratnereelv

tke Indian Teuth Congress hss shewn soae lnl*Ao*We in organising

Indian youth - aase Meetings and varlcua other types od activities here

been veil attended« On paper this organisation haa a ooaparlt1vely

large nesfeerehlp when attaaured gainst the youth population In the

^ .M l * !■ tfc* l a d iu To.tk C u g n t i It n u l l , not m i l •rguil•*«

• 1 M * T « r M t W i l M A m t h .r . t . l l t t l . . r m ors« l . . t l « .r T-a.fB

youth!

f r all p rM llia l purpoaee tke Colour^ yoatk « u be n g k ^ M aa

being a ^ p lately nnorganlaed and mm reel tlttapt a*eaa to hare been

■ada to organise then*

Both the felted Party end the Xatlenallat Party hare apeeinl youtk

organ! a a |ia u f but apart fr«a tka etudent MTeiaat no atteaptkaa boon

■a*# to reggnlee wklte youtk into tka denoeratle a « a ^ Xkorola one poaalblo

exeoption to tkia - tka Mordern loutk Soeiety In Capo Town whlak embraces

bot European and Von»Jtaropean yontk bnt It , however# eoaqpoaed mainly of

atndentai

Tho etudent novenent la tka l«rgeet and boat organised* In tko

nationalalt eanp wo have tko ABB whlak haa influence nalnly at tko Afrikaana

•peaking tfelveraitlew *USAS, although oppoaln? the colour bar In higher

etnaation doea not atand full aqulre In the denoeratle camp. /Thla doea not

■ear. of eovrae, that MUSAS ahould not a a far aa poaalble bo drawn Into a

united atruggle of the youth in defence of lta righta./ M nally , we nuat

■entlen tko newly fonaed South Afrlaan Union of Denoeratle Students Thla

organlaatlon la aimed at organlaing the nilitant denoeratle atudenta- It la

•t ill too early to guage lta atrength or influenae but it la fairly eertaln

tka* it will not be able to win nore than 1,000 to 1600 univeraity atudenta

el though there la every poealblllty of lta organleing largo nunbera of Boi*>

•iropean aeeondary aahool pup11a.♦

Apart fron the failure to org«nlae youtk dlreetly Into apealfia

organlaatlona no aerloua atteapt haa been nade to lnetereet then indirectly

in theae organlaatlona through youtk work of a nore general kind e*g„ tko

kelding of aaae relllea of a featlve nature to prepare the world yeutk

Feetlwale, or tko organlaatlona of maaa eanpalgna around general youtk

rlgkte into wklek eeuld be brought eultural, aportlng, polltleal youtk

W | a i l M t l a M aad alao large aaaiea of unorganleed youtk.

X» k u often b M ! anggected that u » r # la M nt«l far , ^

rTTTl™Bt to l w t k Afrlt* « M epeelfieally yauth pflb M

* " * * m m kkil * •» ^ • • * * • •# • • r m t U that the greatest

| «hl«k at pr«««nti p n u H . the n.Jorlty of youth fron enjoying

any eeelal, political ar econtalee righte la the colour bard Thua the

rtnttl# f#r ^ *■ aama a . tha ganaral .truggl. far tha

liberation - tha oll.lhatlen af tha aalaur bar a d raalal oppreaaion^

»»t thla to draw tha a m a lu lo t that thara ara no epeelfieally

jauth fntilaaa and no function. whlah a youth Movement .an perfora la

rldleuleuaJ «a aaa briefly atata tha faatora whlcfc reneder a poarfal

youth novewnet aot only daalrabla but abaolutaly eeeentlal* Pir.tly ,

tha atraggla m at ba wagad on all po ..ible frost, .lnce only tha deter*

nlned end Halted eppoaltlon of the great aaea of tha people aaa bring

about the downfall of the preaent governnnot and plaae South Afriea on

tha road toward. denoaraey* Secondly the youth hare apealal lntere.t.

aad apealal problena* Thua young people feel urgently the need for

education, they want to train then.elve. In .one trade or profeaalon

aad eonaequettly they want opportunities for lucrative enploynent, they

went to participate In aport and therefore they want eportfleld., they

want to enjoy culture and to enjoy leaaure and good health^ Theee are all

thlnga In whlah young people have a apealal and lntenae lntereat and

around theae thing, together with the de*ande of youth for democratic

righte, that young people oan and auat be organleed* Thirdly, there au.t

be aa aaaault on the aolour bar wherever it aanifectc it .e lf slnae every

braaah we ken. it* Thu. the etruggle agalnat ceadanle eogrgftion, tha

the etruggle fer the right to learn a trade ate offer oppertuniticc for

aiding the atraggla agalnat raalal eppreceloni Fourthly, young people auat

be brought to the polltloal atruggle In a different way fron adulta* A

different approach la needed* Youth work requlrea, in general, the —

bination of political and other nethedaj Youth n e t be ettrected by eal*

aetlvltlee which wuct of aeeeeeety fo m an Integral part of

w r it ef a jo v U organisation* Finally, and perhapc M ik important of a ll ,

a jntti M T W Wit N fT t i aa I I n l i i i c graundi 1b kk* first iattttN • t ill

•r g t ll iM j«oth M f i m t can get to the youtk before thoy have eoarpletely

fallen prey to black or white •hivrlftln,; It oan educate then away fro*

tke 1l»a that white reelalia* should bo repleeed by black raelallea^ In at

othor varia a yonth organlcation e u educate tho youth la a spirit of

I frloalihlp and loaooraiy. Ia tho eecond lnetanee,a youth aereaoBt can

otaoata tko youth on tho nescesslty for psrtlslpatlag in tho polltleal

•traiglOp it eea train tfcea politloally and organleatloaally oo thot the*

la o constant flow of cadres Into tho adult organisations.

Proa tho above wo nuet certainly conclude that thero ia a need for

0 strtng youth aovenent«- Tho next quectlon that arlaoa la t la It paaalbla

to baild, at tho proaant tiae, anoh a youth noYomentf In apito of troaion-

dona difficultioa anoh aa oppressive loglalatlon and other a, the conditiona

hato probaly never boforo boon so favourable for tbo auasosfnl organisa­

tion of vldo sootions of youthi Polltloal eonelousnees of tho people has

reached a now and higher level and thla has found its reflection aaoag tho

yeotfcS for oxaeplo# nany young students and workere participated In tho

Doflenoe C a I n d i a n and African school chiIdran in the Transvaal and

Oapo have participated In dearohatratlona or porforwod othor political work

suck aa celling "Advance" Spark; atudente, particularly Afrisen etudente,

havs begun to realise thsir reaponaibility of working in tha liberation

noTCaenti Generally, the youth are In a receptive aood, they are Just

welting to be organiaed, sa aan be aean froo the enthuaiaan end reaponeo

| to such dOMnctratlona sc Colonial Youth Dey- What, then, are tko dlffieal»

tloaf In tke flrct place there is a leak of leaders, that is young people

wfce aura, experienced In youth work*. We have allready Indicated that young

people ratpalro an laaginltlwe approach and different nothods of organiaa—

tlon«* f«r Most of our young people thlc would nean difficult and now ground!

But thla la A difficulty which oan enlybo overcone with oxporlMntetlon

and experience* Secondly, not only are our young loadore inexperienced In

yantk walk bat alee there are la foot, at pro cent, only very few cnek

t o t o n i n i l . t t u t l * 1 . by t o . * « * • « . . r 1 « * ' " t0

^ „ » , a . t u t * * i n 1 . * f » « *> »“ lr

a , M „ ttT l. , i t t „ M M l — . r . t . M th . l«port.».e of o r . a l . l M « “ jr»” «

« . J » t - t f N P M < M — r t a . th . t u k i All tort, of «

u * d U tk* m l i l M tkl> »*rk th* * * .t e .— o» H I M “ “ t t t n *r* Poo

M y 1» th* | W » 1 llb .r .tlon Thl. .ttltud . n . t b* « • » « »

It n i t be dhown th.t It 1 . wlhkl th.t they girt tl** to th* .rgM le .tlon

ttl yerth «*d If tn», .o»tlnu. t* thl. r.apon.lbllltj oth*r

! * • « • » *u .t b . found, . to* If tho lottor «r* n .t «> «x p .r l .n ..d . .

th* tor— ri

M preblMi ari»«» w*ath«r » •ln«l« organ! »»tion eo*poi*d of youn*

yt1rt w . f . 1 1 r. « * . should b* org .n l..d or « t h * r , .t thl. .t a g ., It wo«ld

h* .*rr*ot to o r g .n l .. th. I f r l .- , tadlM , »r< pp ... Colour* youth

U to » p . « t . organl.atlon. which o .u W work tog.t'h.r ln*uch th. . « . - I

. . th* ifrl.aa and Indian Gongrea... do. Thl. a u ..t lo . 1 . . dlffl.ult o » ..

It « . t h . r.n .nb .r*d th .t , In prln.lple, th. U b .r .t lo n *o v .«n t 1 . * W -

t* th. f * u t l * * l dlwlalon Of th. people along rael.1 l l n * ., th.t It 1 .

•ppowd to .parth.ld.nd that It work, for th. unity of all deno.rat., Thl.

b . 1^ the U H , in prlbelpla. th. llb .r .tlon .ov .n .nt atrlwe. f .r th.

» l f l . .t l o n of .11 th. d-oer.tla f o r . . . . Into . .1 « «1 . org .n l,atIon. Tkl.

f .-, h o « T .r . .« n o t b . ..M ew ed without h.rd work «>d .d w .t lo n nong th.

„ 1M 1J n a ao.t l*port«it for* of edu..tlon for th. * » . .« « 1 . e.tual

p .rtl.lp .tlon 1 . th. .truggl. end .t th. pre.ent tin . th. organL.tlon .

b*.t .qulped to bring th. . . . . . . Into th. .tm ggl* . r . th. .p - l f l .

national o rg en L .tlo n .. But . . f .r . . po .albl. th. ia.latlon Of th* . . . . . .

„ . t b . broken down by ..h l .w ln * united eetlon on . bro.d . . . 1 . b .t w .n the

„ rtou. national group, on p .rtl.ular l.auee- Thl. 1 . how, for « « p l * . th.

th. * i ^ C and »AIC hawe .o-»per.t.d In the l * f le n .. Cwpalgn u»d . . • r..-

. I t h .T . atru.® . gr*«t blow for unity. Thu. while It would b . eorr*.t und*

. I r * * . . t » . . . to d.w.lop the . .p .r a t . youth organl.atlon. of th.

T. rteu. U M I . . U . organlaatlone, at th. a « . t l * . It 1 . abaolutl, . . . « t -

tl .1 to d*w*l*p a brood and widespread unity- thl. « .n b* don. In * w.jra.

In the first place it fts neccesary for the varioua c.gpp?satloaa to

M t ^ U i h aowe permanent weehlnary Tor regular contact! That for example, ,

yeuth ee*witteee eoaalatlag ef repreeeatativesef the AICYL, IYC, 3AUD9 etc

should be eetablishe* afcerever theac organlaatlona hare brenehes sad elae

ea the aatlemal leveli The fanetion of theee coanaitteea would be to diecuae

eonea preWLeas ead achieve Joint aotlon-

In the seeoad pleee unity could be developed, the vsrioua organiaat*

ions streaghtened end the unorganlaed youth organised fcjfc.acaha of large

•sale youth ssMpaigne- This is a particularly vital aapeot of youth work

in the present atage and perhapa the aoneept would be »ede clearer if a*

dealt An aoae detail with two particular example«- World Youth Conferenees

sad Featlvala very often provlds a uaeful foeal point around which to orgap*

niaa aaas activity. /Ferhapa it should be ia»odiately aled that while at* »

danae at sueh international gatheringc ia very iaportant, the aoct laportaat

thing ia to organiae the youtharound the conferences, to naka the* feel k«r

they are part of a world wide youthatruggle for alell^r righta- An inportait

part of thia work ia the eieetioh o« repreaeatativea to attend the interne

tioaal gathering. The collection of woney fro* awong the youth to aend the

repreaentatirea and the general popularisation of the conference- It is

true that the Government will interfere with the delegatee end probably

stteapt te prevent thaw going, but thia too preaente an iaaue on whieh to

organise the youth/ In Auguat of thla year another World Youth Featival ia

to be held thla tiae in Buehareat- In the paat little attewpt haa been

wade to inetereat the youth generally in the Featival; diaouaaiona have been

at eoaalttae level, one or two people aeaC and a few exhibita collaoted

individually by conaittee aeaDera* But even if we are unable to aend tka

people to the Featival it providea a great opportunity for organiaing our

owa featival preperationa on a weaa acale, of bringing together **ay yoang

people of all raeee. For exaaple, a featival day could be organlaed aay at

the Baatp Sports ground and the *antu Jena Social centre- African choirs and

banda, Indian dance re, groups of aat«aur aators could be invite* to perfo

8p«rt« .Xnb . f U 1 *7J>« » . t . p T t l . l p . f 1»

iw y i»ltl«ii and to organise aueh sestet it lonsj Teung art 1st■ Invited to

n bilt contribution* and »© oii At kka i i m ti*e attractive publicity

given *t H k M l i , kon-a*repe*n cinemas, proas end by noons of porterei9

m k o grunt festival day whlah would bo certain to attrast nany

youth, delegetee for tho festival / I or 5 / oould bo olootod. Alto such a

festival organised around tho oorroot slogan* would to nr© as an Important

sn n s of educating the youth*

Anothor way of gottlng unity and also vldosproad partlolpatlon would

bo by noans of a Conference la Defenee of tho Rights of youthi To suoh a» ,

sonferenee eould bo invited many youth organlsst<ons wether cultural,

sports or polltleal* Thus an laportaat right of youth Is tho right bo sport;

for nost of our youth thoro are no faallltloo for sports, there Is little

loasure time* Oa this lssuesports clubs eould be attracted* Other organise

' tlons sould bo sttraeted on the baels of the fight for other rights eg*

CdSMatlon, skilled training, enploynent, opportunities and conditions ets be«

Also groups of young people in the townships, sehools, factories eta could

be encouraged to oatabllah Defence of ftlghts Committees and to send dele­

gates to such a conference* The conference could In particular discuses

Tho daonands of yoimf people, how young people can bo organlaed to aehlevo

thsee donands, what activities should be undotakea,; secondly, the forth-

cowing world fouth Congress and Festival could be discussed..

The final queatlon 1st 'tfho sould organise eueh functions? tho orgsnl-

satlons nost suited to take the initiative would bo a Jointeonsilttoo of tho

ASCXL, ICT and SAUD8* The orgsnication of cueh activities la well within

tho ospabAlltloa of thoee throe organisations provided they sll put their

weight into tho organisation* If any one of these organisations la not%

prepared to oc operate in taking tho lnltlatlvethen either the other toe

together with useful individuals, or an ad hoe committee to initiate tho

werfc nuet bo Oetobllshod, but the erlnlnal unwilllngnooe wuet not be alio-

wed to stand la tho way of tho perfomanee of this work*

» * • * l .t | that th. t . . k 0 , „

^ i . w . tM k ™ U 1 « « - r o « „

»— — • t ,v . t0 p. rfom ^ ’ - * * * « » .

l ~ . « « . t * , - s t. " rt * - P I— to th»«i xemg

th* m i r 1* * « «> .lr . „ ril. . J 4r' t“ d t M * “ ** *° th“ th*7 l b .

• f • ^ j r i m i “ i,to th* th*

r - r - — - ^ . u . m to - u * * ~

> " “ i u 8 - — « ^ r ~ z r *ountriM

J > J > N £ t ± 0

" ^ taaeaafei' ros b u BPirm .o oy A « . . .

L ' a m .

Za ««MrdM«« with tho rosolutian th. . . . v .• * c w r . n . . . hold

1®®^* Th# JltUMa], Ixtoutlri « J o*d 8Ttk*•H t r that our Youth ( • « « • may fulfil * roriood pl«w inito hi• torio Uric of rall/lo* S o to join tho People of South ifrlopproeelon of tho Xstloaellet GoweriLelw^ h m u i foodot

M o w M . V * I n d * u T o confl4* « « »f thoorganlMtloa 1 . k o o l , * 5 ^ 2 ^ lf m•B i prohlMOf ~ o o X / . 00 1? r « i S l S u i : ^ iS , * ! i L irtlTlU0 .JOTTO tho Youth OB4 people of ou^ooi^tS^ l» do4iooio4 to▼lgorouoly to oetlefy tho u r » « t netd? t£! 5 ! ? ! ^ ■ tWffl* know tho urgent uoiai of w oToutn we »*«or to

kiually, every iailur* to eohleve rerponri T S s T t ll0? UI! T#,,U |*

. « £ w i C ' ^ J K r V ^ S

S S S 5 : v x s ; . : : . r s u s ; i ; & » ^ ^ a v S s T 5 * , a r M T

lntorooto of tho Youth « d l S " f r t t a * j 2 * o I ba“ <1 “ th* Tl U 1

Is Ia A!mL> iiiLjjs Q> ^ c ^ th

a . m w m * ,- to l o t . , . . , »aA j roblaa of U>. Youth Oonor.Uj.

1 . Tho roorootloa.l faolUtloo of our Youth oro oxtr— . 1 . poor. Branchet suet orgenlee **>• 7_.. th f trwioly ^

s i ? ? ? ? " ? o r t * toooii I ? «oT*r*

. f r s i i s j i ^ s a s j t r t s , .- « • « - » .^ Br.uaohoo can orfcauiee guaeo for youth • - tw w-

“ .o ; i r * u, s : r u “ ‘ * ° u , i u * - * • « • • S J 2 5 5

B * **3 ^ y-:rfrw wnrr r 1PJi t ^ g 1 1AR^gT ygUTH.

Campaign aghlaati-

fT* M r«14o. and tho Jeeoee.}}jv Ua«P}oy»eot and tho Vorwoord Lebour C » o

* X ’x.ri-Ct o t °: ^ • i ^ r 1..u..ui o“

£ £ • : / : * ' j-2 5 ? - * 2 ^ - 2 ' % s c a rwort to Alrlam Youth* — ***■«

< *Q^‘ laoronolaii coot of Llrino

UBlon’ - ’B l u * • * • * *|fi -luritl Area*

COKpalga agilurti*

(I) a i o xploiuuon of IbUdron and Youth . DoMi.a

“ a,l “ * 011114 “ “ » • “ •«■ - m J iQOiiOl Cions for m# pHrtotiA(II) lho oru»rWge oi laad ^ d oulllag 0f stook. whioh

...................^ “ o i p ‘ ^ ^ i s ^ ; : ~ t i V “

* •

XOVmq TP=ff7iRf

to b* “ 4< bjr BrM<h U via thaa int. tha stn ig it . 111 , f r#“ l^rktra, U 4

Tha •PP*,«w «U * and axploi totiaa.

* « ' * * « • “ •» J T s j z s & r - ^ s r “ u ,* t ,f -Bran oh a a afaould * « u r u . ih . !i » M u U » * l u d COMlltt«*«. P*rU « l » « U M of waaan in

gaoyomo^AL

fMwalga ag&

f f i s 2 : 5 - - ■ « •• f work. p,gr “ d b«tt«r oondl tlooa

* * “ J S . r 2 S 2 . , M i u u “ - « « « • or „ * M .

count!* . r o M d 'r t l o l ^ V . ^ ° “rTaaohari. and Youth. * T

- I I » o ( s . . d l u u w n L ) " 1- J IT i .*] ’? " u T .r w .r aW u « «U «B - Fraa COWDul *o r-v w h Pr****»«lTa* U a b u a . T a o h a i a a /S S ^ a l t V a t illr Pr*«r" * * *

« « . u i j & z s z

M L U IC A L A ^A f .v ^ ln#<

Tho baaie t«ak of tho a k c y t 4 oooooiouoaofB ol tha y0 utb. V a d u i a l a J h « f ; 1!* «>• P « H t io a l

r .x z '* r L x .Y £ ? : :

th . Youth „ . t b. iufcb. rt0

1 ‘ £ l * l £ r t v i ? S S r i ' i i P S 1* 11 " “ d ■ *- «» tor « !o . « . „ r l l A lrle " ~ wlth **■• « » I> r .. . .d „ d . ^ l 8 l t “ *p,

* . m i j . . . .Itn r o r . . . ln ^ m<( ^ ^

J - a, Apnrth.ld,

aiiQ othjr groupa in South Airies * ^ r i o n a paopliSouU. A irlc* , * daaanda a daaocrutli

j at ciiL _

Ia ordar to auccaad In our taak at K.m^d our organla-Uouai aathoda muat h . I oullding a Uaaa Youth Laagua

( . ; m i . . . « T : i : t . " * : • ? r - ‘hi V oJiowia« ' ^ p > »Orgaflia. tiou. 1 ta powarful *nH «lra<dy a loaaa«obinary o a . . i I t PS r i n Ui uf f J i S tUr* or>b ili* ••tlonal Tha cloay*% o o o r d i n a t l o n o f V / #uththa Youth Laafua organa with oorraaiordi^° ** ohaarrtd by

. oorraa^ondlng orgnc* of tha a r

(b ; *a busl iu lU ata /oaih aa*ociatlon*. i* „ ♦ *oa^da 01 particular claaraa 01 Youth^nf* lu th* *p*clIi*?)h* Orgaiii a-* tioua, Youth oluh*r " * 40 not « i r

*hera auch hodiaf slraady ixiSt I t **

with, atran^thin aud g i * * gul&.uca tn ° Uu 40 »°o ;arnt^houlo koap paraoaal Jnd , ° h 0dl- ‘ A n c h o r

( . ) K m . S S K ^ ^ S J a i 1! bf % ^ m u a ° : / lth al1

aad na«da of Youth, a .g . S I S m T 1 h*r*d on x* 9 lntora*-ta ooaoarta laatlvaia , t0. Ra* ioo-l confaraxicaa. rionlca,

I

*•

( 4 ; The lulXilmeat el eur tasks depends on aur Organl nn tion^l machine,*/, the mauatr in whioh « • dletribute our work, d *A to# manner in which a t tar distributing work wo *g;.ia coordinate it . The honesty with whioh wa implosion t eur dsei sions and Mpsrvies ths implementation by submitvi«g mad deoading reporte of work dona, and than diacuaaing ths reporte with tho vis* to st luate our work extracting what is valuable and eliminating whM t is ralueloes, and oorreoting our mistake* in ordar to improve our axpsrianos and work.

Vs Bust ruise the eifioiency ol' our Organl aati on so thit it Should Cope with its mighty task and programs. w# have ■. programs with several activitlep all ox whioh art important. it In ole.r that it it uS t po aribl a for a singls committee to lmplexeut this programme alii sc ti rely, it would he eo overhurdenoj thnt it would not ba able to orry out a siugla campaign exieciently.

Te k u i i tharaxora ado^t i multi- Committee ayst.au. which will be coordlnateu by tha Crunch ;£xecutive or tha Irorlncial lxecutiv«.

(ajiiach Coaii.lt ae n u n ba responsible for the planning andsupervision 01 the impl amen ta tion ol approved plans for ■< p^rt particular aspect ol our iToutn work. s .g . "ecroatlon Coma.

(b )A comaa ttee can conaist ol ou* or two memhern ox the Sxecutiv* and otner members 01 the Pranch who are specially interested in Uia ». a<n,t.rusd.,t aud can be o; ’jssI stance to the Comm..ihis will i c ili t* t* tfjs use ox the best aviil ; jhle axperiauce in the branch, aud will also aseist in tr inln^ ^uddlng la ders In comnlttee worn beiore they are elected into the ixeou t. Vd,

(t j The Cott..i ttae s-b&i tr all Its pi an fv recommence tl >n, tnaflporle T.o the '’ r-.nen ixecutive for dtscusrion ana approval.

YQtni a c * i >'i ii ^

l . s a u a u ns

Youth hull etins must he in itiated on the ^rsnch and i roviucial levels ol ins loutu La ^ue.

(a j ch is iu e snoul he c . r e l u l l y prepir^d In content huu ap^e .r

(by it snoul u r jfla ct tne ictl Titles ox outn »nc tr.«ir cr j i cl va *ork.

I io lltlcu l —a ltd:- snoulu hi carolully scrutinise^ baXore public tion, altnough thjre ehoulJ h<j no a t leuip ts to suppress tne thoughts oi youth.

< dy _.very ai*ort enould be u.-,ua to ujf(ke it * Youthpaper, written by tne \outh, in the intarepte ol YoY ou th.

ley Copier o. every *outh I.e .gue bulletin must he sen t to tha iroviiicirfl oxacutiv« ^nd the !.atlonil %xei;. lor study, crltlciwn huq exchange ol experience.

ii. Cul w r il

“T «7 Vou-h 1 s .gue v>r .<ichee shoul a inltl -,te Dr^ma troucs aud Choirs.

DrfiQ.i t roups f-houla perlorm progrjpriTe cIhvp Choiri fehjulu riub 3

« Mic A*.'.; i,

TIL, AFRICAN NATIONAL CONGRESS YOUTH LuACUL.

1 . Foundation and Baaisi

Ihe Afri< an National Congress Youth League eotabliahed in April, 1944* aims, inter alia,

V a) at rallying and uniting African Youth into one national front on the basia of African Nationalism;

1 b> at giving ?orc*>, direction and rirour to the struggle for African National 5re«c'ctt, by aebisting, supporting and reir.forcing the National Movement,i.e . the Afriean National Congress;

vC1 it studying the political, economic, and Bociai problerr.a of Africa >»• d * t -jo rid;

(d) at striving ani working for the educational, moral and cultural advaroeeient of African youth.

In ordfrr' to rally all youth under its banner, and inorder to achieve the unity neceeaary to win the National Freedom of the Africanpeople, the CcngreBa Youth League adopts the following basic policy wi.icfc Isalao a basis for itn political, economic, educational, cultural and social programme.

2 . Summary of Contents!

(a 1 African Nationalism .(b; Goal of Political Action(o) Economic Policy: (i) Land,

£-conoray.

(i) iJducatienal Policy(e) Cultural Policy If) Conclusion

(ii) Industry, (iii ) Conraerce, and ( iv' (Joner.-,:

?. AFRICAN NATIONAL IUMi

The Al near paopje in bouth Africa arr* oppressed as a grcup wita a particular colour. 'They suffer National oppression common with thousands and millions of appr­is e d colonial peoples ir other parts of the world.

Afrioan Nation? I ism la the dynamic National Liberatory creed of the oppreu* ‘ African people. Ita fundamental aim ist

(i/ rhe creation a united nat ion ou* of the neterogeneous tzibea. vii)^ I’he freeing of Africa from foreign domination and foreign leadership.{iii/ The erection of conditions which will enable Africa to make her own cor.trib\>-

tion to human progress and happiness.Fundamental Basic of African Nationalism!

The Alncan has a primary, inherent and inalienable right to Africa whioh ia ••’ 3s continent and motherland, and the Africans, as a whole, hare a divine destiny which is to make Africa free among the peoples and nations of the earth. In order .0 achieve Africa's *ruedom the Africans must build a powerful National Libera­tion liovemont, in oredr thia Naj|4fcn D Movement should have inner strer«g^ and solidarity it should |<lopt th4 Vdttjmal Liberation creeri of AFRICAN NATIONAL-’ JU •nd it should bo led by tRrt Africffls^Hemselvoa. ~ --- *

" he foaitlor. of AFPICAN NAT71LISM i

view of misJn<lerstan*liuga and dtud iuliber'ito distortions of Afrioan Nation­al iem, it nas becom* necarsfcry to reotata tio position tf our outlook t

a* I V Historical Basis of African Nationalism t

More than 1*50 y«.ars agv , our forefathers w.ro callud upon to do fund their Father­land against, the for,u:jrn attacks of tho Juxop^an suttluxs. Ir.spitv of bravery and unparalleled heroism, thuy w\.rt> foro&d to aurronCwr to white aonination. Two sain : actors contributed to th d r dcfiat. Firstly, thy superior weapons of the white man &nd, secondly, th* :act that th^ Africans fought as isolated tribos, istead of pooling their resources and fighting as a united forco.

, b* of .the African National Con^r.-aa i

Thus thu year 1912 saw tho birth of the Airiyan National Congress. Tho emergence of tho African National Congress marked th* w * of tho old ora of isolated tribal resistance and ushered in a new era of stiugglejM a nat^nal rather than or a

plain...................... .

tribai. plain.

T.\<. African National C >rtgross became t. *> visible expression of inner organisa­tional plain. Fwav.r .j: -irfecttT it d^d it, the African National Congress was, in fact, -itward jit r-r i n o f to*r African people's desire fcr a National Libera-*i 'I V ver.-ir.t cap . le .• f nrectingl tr.oir resis tf-nce to r . m domination and of ultir.vtely winning tn A;r icans' .’ ttior.<,l Freedom. Yet, fro rr tho very outset, the African !iat . -ia) C‘-n«;-w«3 .-ufferwd sjrioun d e f e t*v. The* founders, great patriot^, no doubt, had no g " i3'- Of t.i«> n /.cry.o historic .1 situation ar.d ita implications and tuey wet;’ /. ae/’ . . with impe rial is t for-. 3 o f ~rganisaticn.

As <■• r>: suit, ♦ r. Afri ca r National Congress hu; defects both of forts and matter and as Icr** as tb so r~:«ain«<d tho African "ation.-ii Congress couli not ' i / cr.a to an " \ict i.v. organisational machinery for wag* * uo national 1 ib^ratcry

tii) put ■' irvan a ayr.ar.ic Vati r.<0. iS • p rr.gr araro wi'. ch could inspire and content the

trii and ». •. *o*;v • r ar.d .riving f- rce in the mil itant struggle for r.h'. . i freedom.

, ' h sj re . f t hor o d. fucts, tn~ event f had provided a solid basis fortribal s iido.rity, anr for a nationally organised struggle against wh: te domination. ’ t. wan for th r r. ; 1 tloa'ily alvanc..d rising generations *o give Congress s ich

form .t’ substance * n.. i suit the organisation to ita historic mission.

o. ' nt i-:r. i.j-c-i . __?1 - l r ...1 rr, i f i z$ttc{& $

Far-rt :chirg cl*.angJs >• ivo takon plt'dPln thv Afrisar. National Congress within reor-nt *ir.c3. During Hr A. c. Xuma’s r eg bio a policy of centralisation had bovr. f- ] lowed and an attempt to correct, at .east, in for., sooo of tho mistakes of lf-<ir. Th*» r 3U.t h-is bo or. th«. ganing of gr .a- d of the idua of the African National Cong­ress wit;. dependant provincial V ranch. r (in th. Transvaal, Orange Pro*. State, Natal '•rd t.»x . roub 11. :■ o th.-re is no r t. fcr raor. drastio ar.d rwvolutior.ary clang*i'- th.. organisational fcr-r of Congress, it, t‘. • crgenisation, is to liv«. up to the ; 'pi ,c-.xt -elutions. As fur us t ■ ' t : r subsi vtoe of Congress are conc. med. ■The - r l',d4 6 aw a historic turr.ing p.- \:w wt.on thi Congress Youtn Loague cime ir''i Ilf . ."v :-n , j very out st, thr Touth L .o ;T4.e set itself, int.»r alia, tho h'jtoric

t ■' ’ imparting iyr.-vr. c substance oatt.'r * »n«- organisational form of• cngroat . Thir f>?k th- form of a fort’ right :x\ .oition of the National Liberator?

creed or outloo.-i - AFPIJA’. N/.l Vj ' LIoV, //! icl the Yo i1 Leug-o soaks to impose on the Motrerlody. The first clear expor -nt of African Nationalism wa? th.: lateanton irjaiw;j^i3 iZ'C

d. The dagic I-ps-tion of African Nationalism

Tbs starting point of African Nationalism is the hietoric and even prehistoric position. Africa was, and still is, a bluok man's continent. The ijuropeans who have carved up and divided amongst thero.. ives, dispossessed by force of arms the rightful ownership of tho land from the rightful owners - the children of tho Soil. Today, they occupy large tracts of Africa. They have exploited and are still exploi­ting the labour powv:r of the Africans ar.-i natural rt-sources of Africa, not for the benefit of the African peopled but for the benefit ff tho dominant white race and tt<--ir kin overseas. Although oonquero--; and subjugated, Africans have not given up and will not give up their claim to Africa.

Tho fact that their land has b«*-r. taken away and their rights withheld does not tax away their right to their land. They will suffer white opr- " ^ e i o n ^ tolera-

• > ■!' : /hit*! domination ia long aj they have not got thd material force to over- mrow it. Possibility of compromise by which Africans could airr.it Europeans to ai''> re j' the fru.ts of h.t rica vi 11 bo bailed, int>.r al ia, on the preparedness of tii*. riaropeans, ( i) to agree to an t tu Wr.'e '*Qd »ropcxtional rediriaion ox the land, ani i,ia/ to asaiet in tr>v e.i: .Lliahaeai of a frev- people*a democracy in South Africa particularly and in Afrionl generally.

It is known, however, that the dominant group does net voluntarily give up ita privileged position. That is why the Youth League puts forward African Nationalism as the only militant outlook of an oppressed people seeking a solid basis for waging a long titter and unrelenting struggle for its national freedom,

e. The TVo Streams of African Nationalism

Now it mu3 1 be noted that tliore a r e two streams or groups of African Nationalism, One centres around MABCUS OAiWEY’s sloganjof "AF3ICA FOR AFRICANS". It is based on the slogan of "QTJTT AFRICA", and the cry |Hurl the white man on to the sea". This brand of African Nationalism is extreme ild ultra revolutionary. The other stream of African Nationalism ( Africanism) is moderate and is the one professed by the Youth League. We of the Youth League account of concrete situations and realise that the different racial groups should B t a y . But no insist that a oondition for

3/interracial peace.. . . . . . . . . . .

Interracial peace and progress ia tho abandonment of white domination, and euc , the basic structure of South African Society,’Uiat those rolationa that breed exploitation and huraar. misery will disappear. Therefore, our goal is the winning c. National Freedom for tho African people and the inauguration of a free people's society where persecution must be outlawed.

f . Forcos in the Struggle for African Freedom

(i) Africans

They are tho greatest single group in Africa and they are the key to the movement for democracy in Africa, not only because Africa ia their motherland but also bedaus? by bringing the full force of thoir organised numbers to bear on the national struggle, they car, alter tbs* basic position for democratic Africn. The only driving force that car. give the black masses the aelf-confidence n.c dynamism t0 aake sacrifices and a successful struggle ia baaed on tho creed of .‘.t'rioan Nation* Ijsr prolv3.-eJ by tbe Touth Li*agu„ of South Afrit-a* The Youth Leagut holds that Afric.ns -*re nationally ajyussed an«Lg*n|' therofofe, win their fro-, lorn through & national libwratory novoa^lt l*d themselves.

(ii) 3uro;x- ana

The majority of tho Jftjrcpoans sharo tho 3poils of domination iri this'country. They have a vested interest in the exploitative cast society of Africa. A f«w of them love justice and condemn racial oppression. They are, however, a negligible voice and in the final analysis count as nothing. In their endeavour for freedom and democratic Africa, tho Africans will bo wasting their timo and ir.i3directing their foroes if they look up to iJuropeans either for inspiration cr help.

( iii) Indiana

■U.Lthough, like Africans, the Indians are oppressed as a grou- , yet they differ from the Africans in their historical ana cultural background, amor.g other things, they have their mother country, INDIA, but thousands of the* have Afrioa aa thciir homo* They, however, did not conn aj conquerors and exploiter- but as exploi—

• ted. As long as they do not uniemino or impede our l i b e r a t i o n wt* n a il not regard then as intruders or enemies.

( iv) Coloureds ) >

Indians th y differ from the Africans} they are a i stinct grcup ol' oppressed. But their pos tion differs Tr. degree from that cf the .fricans. Coloureds have no mother! ,:.i to look up to, but for historio acoidens they might be nearer to the Africans ti:an the Indiana, seeing they are second 1/ part, at leaa*, from the aboriginal Hotteritnts who with Africans and Buahman are ori iral of Black ^i.ica . Coloureds, liKe the Indians, will never win their^ national freedom unless they organire a Coloured People's National organisation to lead into the struggle for tho national freedom. Th© national organisations of Indiar.s, Coloureds and Africans may, and in fact, jncuid cooperate on the common issue.

g. South Africa - a Country of Nationalities.

The above summary on racial groups supports our contention tha* South Afrioa ia a country o. four chief nationalities, three of which ( i>uri-'penr:s, Indians and Coloureds) are minorities and three of which (Africans, Indiars and Joioureds) suffer national opprc^oion. When ve talk of land and take as the utmost urgent wo mean tho inmidiate tank of African Nationalism. At all event., it is to be ci ariy untforstood th it w*s am not against th Europeans us such — wo are not igainat t.*.'' 7 3 pear aa s human being - but we arc totally and irrevocably opposed to white domination and oppression.

t. Fallacies and I>j vie ions that must r>e Krpected.' African Nationalism 4 haci :ti ie:a.

'i iere is a oomroon accusation that African Nationalism is a one-.idcd, raciolistio

outlook, n at ion 1 • d on igi.ori.j'.co a: African national ism. Ours is thesanest and at the same timo the most particular and realistic view, We do not hate other racial groups. V.’e are, however, deeply oonoerned with the interests of the Africans who are the overwhelming majority, and at the same time who are a down­trodden people.

4 . .

•ii) Pseudo-Nationalists or Pseudo—Nationalism \African Nationalists £avt> to bo on tha look-out for people who pretond tc be bo nationalists when, in faot, they are imperialists or capitalists - or their agents using nationalist slogans ir. order to clit-c thoir their reactionary position. These element should be exponed dit retnbly. - 4/ fc i)............ ......................................

(iii) 1st AgentsStill anot r group that should be watched olosely, and wtieru possible, tuthi

exposed, in chat gpMP or African* who oall themselves I*ationalia : utare, in fact, agtt^P - VT o Sy |H ^o f Naei or Fascist organisations. Genuine Afriean na + i jnalists should ce perpetually vigilant* and spare no effort to denounce and eventu I iy crush tfc^e dangerous viperB.

i

(iv) Voidpro of Fbrfri ~n Methods *There ara c 't«in groups who seek to impose on our struggle out-and-dry formulae which so far from clarifying the issues of our struggle, only servo to obscure the fundamental fact that w are oppressed not only as a class, tut alro aa a people -as a natio;.. Such whole-ale importation of methods and tactics which might have succeoded . i other countries, like Europe, where conditions were different, might harm the era to of our svruggle and people's freedom , unless we ar>_ quick in bvilding e n tional and r. ilitant liberation movement.

(v) T-v aliamSome peopl . istnkoi.ly t jliove that African nationalism ia merely tribalistio in outlo' k. >y fail to pprehend that Nationalism is firstly a higher developmentof a proct i which was originally in pr&gresB when the white mar. arrived and seconily, ,t it is a r jntinuat ion of ;*» struggle of our forefathers against invasion. ibalisr it >i.f is the mortal |?oo of African national! .a, ar.a African r.ationalis • should loc e war on'centrifugal tribalism.

i. Ccnclu .> nPro. „..e abo ’ aitioni

T ' h i 3 tor task of Af. can Nationalism (it has become apparent) ' the building of a jelf-c ifidunt md strong African nn + ion in South Africa. The 'fore, African rational is . ranacer >3 narrow Units lmponea by any particular .ectional

organis-tti It ir. ul-mbracing in the sense that its field i& ‘hr? body of the '/.-ic n per • in th ia r.try. The gem of thio growth whs fi rot -owr. within ti»*> toacm of * Ar'r.c: N . .al Congress, a:.d found its f\rt. t clear ■'ystalli ::«t io* in teu Con -53 TfouJ T rue. It should now i'l’.d concrete oxpr s.-> r. in the crsv

t >r. » *?lo A: ica - .tior.al front. The airongth, solidarity and permanence of auc r. * ' n.t will of • -ur6« depend r.o*. or accide t but on the c erence and corrcsir.* f our ' .1 on *ho yolitical crustation of our f: ‘ . Grantingthat this id he c. : on Nationalism, w.j should build the »c- ‘ rowrrfui frort in our hi.*

4 Goal 0 ' ill tic. _A ;>nThe ugress /ou League Wlievos that the goal of politic- organisation

and action the achie\ .ler.t of true democracy,

■ i) in Sc \'i Afric:-.. a’ .(ii) in .h -est of the .irioan continent.In such a ue dem'<cr-<cv- '11 the nationalities an<i minorities woul . have their fundament a i.umon righT -jarantoud in a democratic Constitution. In order to achitivo th the Y<. ith league and/or the National Movement otrugg ts fort(a) the r. j.1 of d . ac. '.minatory lawn and colour tors,(b) tho ad si ;-r o: A*r; into f^ll citizenship so that tr;ay h -e direct

ri-p r :r - .tior. ia ; iamont on 1 democratic besis.(

5. Econjor r ol icyTho i uth I.e- *ue .i'-’lda that political dec. craoy remains em; v in forn. .vithoat

•uVatanoo .-I'ore it '.s \ p-^rly grour.di'i or. basis of acoifomic aa.- aj-floia:ly i* iustrial •aocracy /; <- eccnoraio poiicy of th ‘ Youth League oar.. aerefvire, be stated uni .• thj fo‘. ,o?.i - healings*

( a) L an.11 ITho Yo1- • League &t a for* far~r~>aohing agrarian reforms 1n tv< > following

alrrotiona i^i) The -ilvisicr of ‘ he l:j-.d artong the farmer a ara peasants of di.L nationali­

ties proportior 10. their numbers. i'1 -Pht ■. llcutica of .'cientific methods to, and planned devoloj .ent of, agricu-

1 tUT'- •(iii) The rovemer.t of land, t.ae reolcoiatifwa of denuded ureas and the conservation

of w'.t jT supplies.(iv) The • rin educa'ior. of peasants and .'araura in the techniques of agricultural

prod* - ioc.

„ - \ *>/ (^) Iff'Va^try* ...............................

*(by IndustVithe 5* ngreas Youth League aim* ati

(i) the full industrialisation of South Afrioa to raiso the levijl of civilisation and the standard of living of the workers,

(ii) the abolition of the industrial colour bars and other discriminatory provisions so that the workers of all nationalities should be able to do skilled work and so that they should get full training and education In the skill and techniques of production, »

( m ) establishing in the Constitution the full and unhampered rights of workers to organise thjmselves to inoruase thoir efficiency and protect and safeguard their interests, politically, the workers should reap and enjoy the benefits of industrial development and expyision.

(c) Trading ar.d Coop ration *

0rlar to improve the iot of the people and to give strength to tht National Movement, the Youth League snail,

( i • enc^t.rr.^u business, trading and commercial enterprise jnong Africans,(ii/ eliminate discrimination and ensure a just and equitable distribution of woav ,

among the people of all nationalities,

(ill) ^3 n^p.rly a3 possible give 111 men an equal opportunity to improve their lot, v v) in short, give no scope for’ domination and exploitation of one group by another.

6. Educational Policyi

A* A ^ 'tlBate 80-11 ° f African nationalism in so far as EDUCATION is concerned, is a lOO literacy among the people, in order to ensure the realisation of an effec­tive iemocricy. Some of the me,ins to that end arei

(i) free compulsory education to all children, with its concomitants of adequate accommodation, adequate training facilities and adequate remuneration for toachers,

(ii) mass adult education by Deane of nigrt schools, adult clashes, summer and winter courses and othar *f*nns«

P. All children should have acceas to the type of education for wiich they are suit­ed. rhey should have access to tne acadomic, aesthetic, vocational and technical tr ‘ nir.g.

Th»» aira of such education should bei ivi, to mould the charaotora of the young,

, U * ) to gdve a high swn3e of moral and ethical V'lues,

(iii) to prepare than for a full and responsible citieenship in a democratic society. j

7• Cu. tural Policy

A. vulture and civilis-ition hav* been handed down from nation to nation and 'rom people *.o people dowr, the historic ages. One people or nation after another made its contribution to the total of human oulture and civilisation. Africa ha3 her own contribution to make. The Youth L«ague stand, for a policy of assimilating the best el'.-men-s of iiuropean and otner civilisations and cultures on a firm basis of what is good and aur&ble in the African'b own culture and civilisation. In this way Afrioa

^ n frin v p° 8iti0n to make hwr 0Trn contribution to human progress and happiness.a. rhe fouth League supports the cultural struggle of the African people and

encouraged torks of art by- African*.

The Youth League stands for a oo-ordinatcd devclojsiont of African cultural activity.

n v CV AfriQ^n wo?ke 8i,ould «»nect net cnly the present pha»* of the Nationalliberatory struggle, but also the world of beauty that lies beyond the conflict and turmoil of str-.i^gle. <•«*<*

8. Conclusion!

? ! fore—going policy is largely one of .ultimate objectives in genei-al terms although here and there it throws light on the immediate and/or near range objectives ot tho National Movement. iVhilst the genera* policy remains fixed and unalterable,

programme of organisation and action may be modified from time to time to meet

° on^ r‘B H k K T Wlth * * evei^changing circumstances. By TV,*3 *T9$f jgBF is forging a powerful weapon for

freenom The position tff Af jfioeffirffKnallam has been mado as clear as possible. It

t0 8t^ 3* ? £ f&0t t^ t the a * * " " * * * aim of a strong nation and a aslf-oonfident one. Therefor*, our program , of necessity, is a Buny-side* one oor-depending to the many varied actiriti «s and aspirations of our people and <to the........

rnrious avonuos alone which thay aro moving.

„ ........._ TISS BY TKL NA. TuNAL HiAD,L'ARTaJlS OF XHa TONSIL. 33 YCUJIi LZAGUL FOR S3 STUDY.

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Collection Number: AD1812

RECORDS RELATING TO THE 'TREASON TRIAL' (REGINA vs F. ADAMS AND OTHERS ON CHARGE OF HIGH TREASON, ETC.), 1956 1961 TREASON TRIAL, 1956 1961

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