Library In Metropolitan Washington, D.C

Coppin State University

Library In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Lowell Stine | Construction | Rob Leicht Penn State Architectural Engineering Senior Capstone Project

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Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgmentsProject IntroductionLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.

Picture Provided by Multivista 2Project IntroductionLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.

KeyExisting BuildingsRoadsOpen SpaceSidewalksConstruction SiteAccess RoadBuilding FootprintBuilding OverhangSite TrailersUnloading AreaFuture Apt. SiteExisting Building10 Story100Existing Building5 Story60New Building 5 Story 85Building Name: Library in Metropolitan Washington, D.C.

Location: Metropolitan Washington, D.C. (Undisclosed)

Occupant: County Library & Non-profit Art Group

Function Types: A-3 (Assembly) B (Business) M (Mercantile)

Gross Area: 90,000 ft2

Number of Stories: Five Plus Basement

Project Delivery: Design-Bid-Build

Construction Dates: January 2013 October 2014

Project Cost: $69.5 Million Owner: Undisclosed CountyConstruction Manager: MBPCivil Engineer: ADTEKArchitect: The Lukmire PartnershipMechanical & Plumbing Engineer: Mendoza, Ribas, Farinas & AssociatesLandscape Architect: Parker RodriguezContractor: Costello ConstructionElectrical Engineer: Mendoza, Ribas, Farinas & AssociatesInterior Design: The Studio of Sandra RaganStructural Engineer: Columbia EngineeringIT/Security: Wright EngineeringLighting Consultant: MCLAProject TeamOutline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgments3Project IntroductionLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.New Building 5 Story 85Systems

Architectural: 50 Cantilever of 3rd thru 5th FloorsExposed Structure in Library Space

Structure:Concrete CaissonsStructural SteelComposite Slabs

Building Enclosure:53% Curtain Wall UV ProtectionTerra Cotta PanelsArchitectural CMUs

Mechanical:IPEC (Integrated Packages Equipment Center)Hydronic In-Slab Heating

Outline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgmentsPicture Provided by MultivistaPicture Provided by http://www.systecon.comPicture Courtesy of The Lukmire Partnership, Inc. 4

Analysis OverviewLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Early Involvement in Design Research Analysis

Caisson Rebar Cage Fabrication Analysis

Structural Sequencing Analysis

Structural Breadth

Mechanical Penthouse vs. IPEC Analysis

Acoustical Breadth

Design

Foundation

Structure

Building SystemsProgramming DesignProcurementConstruction

Outline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgmentsMeasurable Success

1) Minimize costs and schedule delays from change orders and rework

2) Minimize wasted material and labor costs and limit schedule delays

3) Shorten structural erection durations

4) Cost effectiveness and fewer constructability challenges 5Early Involvement in Design Research AnalysisLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Outline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgments 6Early Involvement in Design Research AnalysisLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Outline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgments7Goal

Considerations / RequirementsSpecifics of this ProjectTypical Problem Areas

7Early Involvement in Design Research AnalysisLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Similar Topics#CriteriaConsistency1Owner Buy-in5 of 52Cost Considerations5 of 53Scope Included5 of 54Relationship Outcomes4 of 55Quality & Project Flow4 of 56Schedule Considerations4 of 57Contract Considerations3 of 58Owner Involvement3 of 59Future of Early Involvement3 of 5Outline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgments 7Goal


Industry Member Interviews

ScopesBenefitsOwner Buy-inFuture

8Early Involvement in Design Research AnalysisLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Goal


Industry Member Interviews

ScopesBenefitsOwner Buy-inFuture

Mind Maps

Show TopicsTrace Patterns Similar Topics#CriteriaConsistency1Owner Buy-in5 of 52Cost Considerations5 of 53Scope Included5 of 54Relationship Outcomes4 of 55Quality & Project Flow4 of 56Schedule Considerations4 of 57Contract Considerations3 of 58Owner Involvement3 of 59Future of Early Involvement3 of 5Mind MapsOutline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgments7

9Early Involvement in Design Research AnalysisLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Overall Conclusions

Smooth Transition Between Phases

Early Cost Influence

Programming DesignProcurementConstructionAbility to Influence CostsProject DurationConceptionHighLowCompletionProgrammingDesignProcurementConstructionClose-outInfluence of Cost CurveOutline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgmentsProcess Flow 8Early Involvement in Design Research AnalysisLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Results

Earlier Involvement is Beneficial

Less Change Orders

Cost Savings

Funding Issues

Scope Selection (Project Specific)

Rating ScaleOwnerCMContractorDesign TeamFundingX---Resources AvailableExperienceXScope Inclusion AreasScopesProgramConceptualSchematic DesignDesign DevelopmentConstruction DocumentsConstructionContractorStart-upScope Selection &Sign ContractSub Selection &Design InputSub Selection &Design InputDesign Input & Long Lead ItemsManagementMEP-Planning, Questions &Sign ContractConsult w/ SubsDesign InputDesign Input & Long Lead ItemsProcurement Structural---Consult w/ Subs, Design Input & Sign ContractDesign Input & Long Lead ItemsProcurementCurtain Wall--Consult w/ Subs &Sign ContractDesign InputDesign Input & Long Lead ItemsProcurementOutline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgments 9Caisson Rebar Cage FabricationAnalysis Lowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Outline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgments 10Caisson Rebar Cage Fabrication AnalysisLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Goal

Determine Appropriate Fabrication Method Cost SavingsScheduled Reduction

Outline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgmentsPicture Provided by Multivista 11Caisson Rebar Cage Fabrication AnalysisLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Goal


Background

9 Caisson Types (48 Total)Prefab to Planned LengthPlanned Lengths Incorrect15 Day Delay

Caisson TypesTypeVertical Rebar #Qty. of Vertical RebarTie ## of Ties per LFWeight of Vertical Rebar (lb/LF)Weight of Ties (lb/LF)1a98412761b96412062a118414392b11124164112c11164185132d112441128152e112851149212f11164285272g11285214941

Outline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgmentsPicture Provided by Multivista 11Caisson Rebar Cage Fabrication AnalysisLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Goal


Background

9 Caisson Types (48 Total)Prefab to Planned LengthPlanned Lengths Incorrect15 Day Delay

Fabrication Methods

100% PlannedPlaned + 10%80% of Planned10 Sections15 Sections

Caisson TypesTypeVertical Rebar #Qty. of Vertical RebarTie ## of Ties per LFWeight of Vertical Rebar (lb/LF)Weight of Ties (lb/LF)1a98412761b96412062a118414392b11124164112c11164185132d112441128152e112851149212f11164285272g11285214941

Outline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgmentsPicture Provided by Multivista 11Caisson Rebar Cage Fabrication AnalysisLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Results

30 Max Cage Length

Outline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgments

Picture Provided by www.rebarsuply.net 12Caisson Rebar Cage Fabrication AnalysisLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Results

30 Max Cage Length

Truck Crane Installation

Concrete Pump Placement

Outline


Picture Provided by www.rebarsuply.netPicture Provided by Multivista 12Caisson Rebar Cage Fabrication AnalysisLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Results

30 Max Cage Length



High Splice Costs

Cut-off Higher Productivity

Outline


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Picture Provided by Multivista 12Caisson Rebar Cage Fabrication AnalysisLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Results

30 Max Cage Length



High Splice Costs

Cut-off Higher Productivity

Use 100% Prefabricated Method

Accept UnknownsPrefabrication Option ComparisonCaisson TypesBase LineOver 10% Prefab EstimationPrefab 80% of Estimation10 Length Sections15 Length Sections1a $ 1,207.13 $ 2,018.26 $ 580.70 $ 2,545.31 $ 1, 040.01 1b $ 1,756.59 $ 2,059.49 $ 993.63 $ 579.61 $ 285.71 2a $ 2,313.82 $ 2,827.37 $ 1,856.53 $ 3,661.62 $ 1,512.15 2b $ 1,845.69 $ 2,300.02 $ 937.03 $ 2,177.57 $ 260.10 2c $ - $ - $ - $ 2,022.40 $ 1,011.20 2d $ 1,516.80 $ - $ 1,516.80 $ 3,033.60 $ 1,516.80 2e $ 12,484.19 $12,139.79 $ 13,377.24 $ 33,762.24 $ 15,289.27 2f $ - $ 243.22 $ 3,024.00 $ 3,725.88 $ - 2g $ 1,827.72 $ 2,183.29 $ 1,116.59 $ - $ 808.19 Grand Totals $ 22,951.94 $ 32,329.00 $ 23,402.52 $ 51,508.23 $ 21,723.43 Outline


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Picture Provided by Multivista 12Structural SequencingAnalysisLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Outline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgments 13Structural Sequencing Analysis

Lowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.GoalReevaluate Structural SequenceSave Erection CostsShorten Erection Schedule

Outline


Lowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.GoalReevaluate Structural SequenceSave Erection CostsShorten Erection Schedule

Background Information Current ErectionComplex Erection Sequence5 Week Delay

Outline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgments 14


Lowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.

Outline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgments 15Shoring Sequence

LinearStructural Sequencing Analysis

Lowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Shoring Sequence

Linear4-D ComparisonsSlabs After ShoringHanger Resizing?

14325Outline



Lowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Outline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgments 16Complexity of Erection

Complex structureInconsistent erection sequence



Outline



Site

Very urban siteShoring will occupy large areaTight delivery schedulingStructural Sequencing Analysis


Outline



Site

Very urban siteShoring will occupy large areaTight delivery scheduling

Safety

High priorityDangerous welding locationsOSHA compliance

Picture Provided by MultivistaStructural Sequencing Analysis

Lowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Complexity of Erection


Site

Very urban siteShoring will occupy large areaTight delivery scheduling

Safety

High priorityDangerous welding locationsOSHA compliance

Trade Integration

Delay of MEP rough-in start-up

MEP Rough-in Start DatesDescriptionTop-Down OptionShoring OptionMEP Rough-in Start10/23/1311/14/13

Outline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgments 16Picture Provided by MultivistaStructural Breadth - Shoring DesignLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Outline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgments 17Required Shoring Load

Dead LoadsLive LoadsPu= 291 psf

Structural Breadth - Shoring DesignLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.

Outline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgments 17Required Shoring Load


Picking Shoring System

Mabeys Mass SeriesShoring Towers

Picture Provided by Mabey Inc.Structural Breadth - Shoring DesignLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.

Outline


Required Shoring Load




Finalize Shoring Design

Mass 25 - 100 kipsSpace at 20x18(16) 5x5 & (2) 5x10

Picture Provided by Mabey Inc.Structural Breadth - Shoring DesignLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Required Shoring Load




Finalize Shoring Design

Mass 25 - 100 kipsSpace at 20x18(16) 5x5 & (2) 5x10

Outline


Lowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Results

3 Week Schedule Savings (with shoring install)

$30,000 Savings

Better Productivity (Specific Zones)

Recommend the Shoring Sequence

Shoring Cost Break DownDescriptionPer TowerTotalMinimum First 4 Weeks$1357$24,430Every Week After for 4 Weeks$828$14,900Tax (6%)$131$2,360Total$2,316$41,690Cost ComparisonsDescriptionPer TowerGeneral Condition Savings$72,000Shoring Costs$41,690Total Estimated Costs Savings$30,000Zone DelaysStructure Duration ComparisonsDescriptionPlannedTop-Down OptionShoring OptionSteel Erection Start6/25/137/4/137/4/13Structure Complete Milestone1/1/143/7/142/13/14Total Duration (weeks)283330IPEC vs. Mechanical PenthouseCriteria & CategoriesTop-DownShoringConstructabilityxSchedulexCostSitexSafetyxOther TradesxOutline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgments 18Mechanical Penthouse vs. IPECAnalysisLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Outline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgments19Mechanical Penthouse vs. IPEC AnalysisLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Outline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgments 20Goals

IPEC & Penthouse DifferencesHow to Chose Which to UseGain Knowledge of Each

35

Mechanical Penthouse vs. IPEC AnalysisLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Integrated Packaged Equipment Center (IPEC)

Outline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgmentsProvided by MBP (Construction Documents Courtesy of MBP) 20Goals


IPEC

Prefabricated Equipment Module4 CMU Base WallOne Supplier

36Mechanical Penthouse vs. IPEC AnalysisLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Integrated Packaged Equipment Center (IPEC)

Mechanical Penthouse

Goals


IPEC

Prefabricated Equipment Module4 CMU Base WallOne Supplier

Mechanical Penthouse

Site ConstructedOn Concrete Structural RoofMultiple Different Suppliers

Outline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgmentsPicture Provided by http://www.jetsongreen.com/

2037Acoustical BreadthLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.

Kids Section Outline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgmentsProvided by MBP (Construction Documents Courtesy of MBP) 21Acoustical Impacts of IPEC and Penthouse

Library SpacesOutdoor Environment

Differences

Similar Acoustical PropertiesOver Estimates

Acoustical BreadthLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Acoustical Impacts of IPEC and Penthouse

Library SpacesOutdoor Environment

Differences

Similar Acoustical PropertiesOver Estimates

Recommendations

IPEC Would Be More Desirable

Kids Section Noise LevelsLimitActualConference Room35 dB37 dBProperty Line55 dB57 dBOutline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgments 21Provided by MBP (Construction Documents Courtesy of MBP)Mechanical Penthouse Vs. IPEC AnalysisLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Results

1 Week On Site vs. 10.5 Weeks On Site

Potential $1 Million Savings

Flexible Design

Penthouse

Design-Build Package

IPEC vs. Mechanical Penthouse CostsSystemEquipmentEnclosure/ StructureTotalIPEC$5,800,000$50,000$5,850,000Penthouse$4,880,000$100,000$4,880,000IPEC vs. Mechanical Penthouse ScheduleSystemLead TimeSite Install TimeIPEC1 Long Lead Item (Months)1 WeekPenthouseMultiple Shorter Lead Times (Weeks)10.5 WeeksIPEC vs. Mechanical PenthouseCriteria & CategoriesIPECPenthouseAcousticalMaintenancexFlexibility in DesignxResponsibilityConstructabilityCostsxSchedulexOutline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgments22ConclusionsLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Design (Early Involvement)

Foundation (100% Prefabrication Cage Length)

Structure (Shoring Sequence)

Building Systems (Mechanical Penthouse)Early InvolvementUndetermined Cost SavingsUndetermined Schedule Savings

100% Prefabrication Cage Length$0.00 SavingsAccount for Caissons in Schedule

Shoring Sequence$30,000 Savings3 Week Schedule Savings

Mechanical PenthousePossible $1 Million SavingsAdditional 9.5 Week Mechanical ScheduleProgramming DesignProcurementConstructionOutline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgments 23Acknowledgments Lowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.Questions?

AcademicMichelle VigeantMoses LingDr. Robert LeichtKevin ParfittRay Sowers

Special ThanksLibrarys OwnerPACE Industry MembersMatt StrevigFriends and Family

Outline

Project IntroductionEarly InvolvementCaisson Rebar Cage Prefab Structural SequencingStructural BreadthMechanical Room Acoustical BreadthSummary of ConclusionsAcknowledgmentsPicture Provided by Multivista 24Structural Analysis

Lowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.25

Shoring Sequence Schedule Current Structural Schedule

General Conditions CostsStructural Breadth - Shoring Load Calcs.

Lowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.26

Dead Load CalculationsLive Load & Factored LoadsLive Load Assumptions

Started with 50 psf

Four floors is 200 psf

In live load reduction total is 129 psf

Factored live load would then be 206 psf(This would be an acceptable live load on four floors of only structure)Acoustical Breadth CalculationsLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.27

Zone 2 Acoustics Acoustical Breadth CalculationsLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.28Conference Room Acoustics

Penthouse CostsLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.29Equipment

EnclosurePenthouse DurationsLowell Stine | ConstructionLibrary In Metropolitan Washington, D.C.30

Equipment Enclosure