LS iberaltudiesLS iberaltudies

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In this issue —

DLS WDLS WDLS WDLS WDLS Welcomes 14 New Candidateselcomes 14 New Candidateselcomes 14 New Candidateselcomes 14 New Candidateselcomes 14 New Candidates

Commencement 2007Commencement 2007Commencement 2007Commencement 2007Commencement 2007

Handicapping the Presidential RaceHandicapping the Presidential RaceHandicapping the Presidential RaceHandicapping the Presidential RaceHandicapping the Presidential Race

RoberRoberRoberRoberRobert Manuel: Sert Manuel: Sert Manuel: Sert Manuel: Sert Manuel: Serving a Higher Purposeving a Higher Purposeving a Higher Purposeving a Higher Purposeving a Higher Purpose

VVVVVolume 5olume 5olume 5olume 5olume 5 Number 2Number 2Number 2Number 2Number 2

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Director’sNotes

Welcome to the Liberal Studies Program and our new quarters. First the School ofContinuing Studies moved to 3307 “M” St. back in the winter. A new Assistant Dean forthe Bachelor’s program has his office there as well. His appointment was due to the factthat an extensive review of the B.A.L.S. program last year spear-headed by Dean RobertManuel led to a number of significant revisions in that program. The Assistant Dean,Vincent Kiernan, is now responsible for managing the students in the B.A.L.S. as well asthe program changes.

Until early June the Graduate Liberal Studies program, the Master’s of LiberalStudies (M.A.L.S.) and the Doctorate of Liberal Studies (D.L.S.), remained in Poulton Hall.Both degree programs are now established in the Intercultural Center in Suite 225, on thesecond floor. We hope you will come visit. The four members of the staff will be happyto welcome you. This is a much more central location: easier for students coming andgoing to class, the Registrar’s office, the Library, etc. We are glad to be here.

As we begin the fall semester, there are 406 candidates for the Master’s degree and36 for the Doctorate. Dr. Chester Gillis is the Director of Doctoral Studies and their majoradvisor. In late June, the D.L.S. candidates organized a meeting with a speaker (one oftheir own) and a reception so they could get to know one another. (You will see picturesin this magazine.) The Liberal Studies Program is planning an evening session for currentM.A.L.S. students and alums as well as the students in the D.L.S. for Sept. 18, 2007. Onthat occasion, Dr. Ronald Johnson and Dr. Abby Johnson will describe and discuss theirnew book on the Congressional Cemetery called “The Genesis of A Book: From Idea toProduction” and a reception will follow. I hope to see you all there.

And, another special event coming this fall, at the suggestion of M.A.L.S. alums andfaculty Sara Frueh and Mike Duggan, is the launch of a Philosophy Roundtable, a series ofevening dinner discussions bringing together a small group (about 10 people) of graduatestudents and alumni and faculty. These conversations about philosophical questions thataffect everyone’s lives will be held on campus, sponsored by the Graduate Liberal StudiesProgram, dinner with a nominal fee of $10 per person. The first Roundtable, led by Dr.Frank Ambrosio, Associate Professor of Philosophy at Georgetown and Liberal Studiesfaculty member, is scheduled for Wednesday, Sept. 26. Participants will explore “TheGood Life.” If you ‘d like to receive more information about the Roundtables, pleasesend an email to lsp@georgetown.edu.

Enjoy your summer!

Sincerely,

Phyllis O’Callaghan, Ph.D.Director, Liberal Studies Degree Program

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Liberal Studies AT GEORGETOWN

DLS WDLS WDLS WDLS WDLS Welcomes 14 New Candidateselcomes 14 New Candidateselcomes 14 New Candidateselcomes 14 New Candidateselcomes 14 New Candidates

Massimo AmbrosettiMassimo AmbrosettiMassimo AmbrosettiMassimo AmbrosettiMassimo Ambrosettiwas born in Padova, Italy. Hegraduated cum laude with degreesin Law and Political Science fromthe university in his hometown.He also attended courses at theUniversity of Bologna, Karl-Albrecht Universitaet in Kiel, EcoleNationale d’Administration in Parisand at the British Civil ServiceCollege (Oxford). In 1991, hejoined the Italian Foreign Service.As a career diplomat, after threeyears at the Ministry of ForeignAffairs (Asia-Pacific desk, EU-external relations desk), he wasposted to Beijing (1994-1999),NATO-Brussels (1999-2002). In the2002-2006 period, he worked asCounselor in charge of the parlia-mentary relations in the Cabinet ofthe Italian Minister of ForeignAffairs. In 2005, the Alma GraduateSchool of the University of Bolo-gna offered him the position ofProfessor of European History. Heis now First Counselor (politicalaffairs) in the Italian Embassy inWashington. His D.L.S. researchwill focus on the shaping ofcontemporary China’s nationalidentity in the perspective of the

new international global role ofthe Asian rising power.

Nina AssefiNina AssefiNina AssefiNina AssefiNina Assefi resides inMcLean, Va. A U.S. citizen ofIranian descent, she has spentmuch of her adult life in Londonand Washington, D.C. She takespride in being a life long advocatefor the rights and well-being of thementally challenged. Nina holds aB.A. in business administration andeconomics from Richmond Collegein London and earned a M.A.L.S.degree from Georgetown Univer-sity. Her research focused primarilyon the role of religion in publicaffairs which led her to concen-trate on the capability of religionas a factor in conflict and conflictresolution. Her D.L.S. researchinterests lie in examining theinteraction of diplomacy andtheology in the contemporary era.She is particularly interested inexploring the contemporary role ofreligion in international law, in thedefense of human rights, itsdedication to the pursuit of socialjustice, and its influence in non-violent movements across theglobe.

Howard D. (Dave)Howard D. (Dave)Howard D. (Dave)Howard D. (Dave)Howard D. (Dave)BeloteBeloteBeloteBeloteBelote, a colonel on active dutyin the U.S. Air Force, currentlyserves as the Chief, CombatingWeapons of Mass Destruction(CWMD) Division, Strategic Plansand Policy Directorate, Joint Staff,Pentagon. He provides oversightof strategic guidance, plans,policies, and doctrine relating toDepartment of Defense CWMDactivities and represents the JointStaff in CWMD-related interagencyand international venues. A nativeof Virginia Beach, Va., Dave hascommanded at squadron andgroup level. He holds a B.A. fromthe University of Virginia andmaster’s degrees from Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, AirUniversity, and National DefenseUniversity. He has publishedarticles on military strategy,airpower theory, space policy, andcivil-military relations in a numberof professional journals, and willfocus his D.L.S. research ongovernmental organization andcross-cultural communication inthe current geopolitical environ-ment.

Upon their acceptance in the spring of 2007, 14 new students entered the Doctoral of Liberal Studies (D.L.S.) degree program.These scholars join the program’s 22 current students in pursuing the first Doctorate of Liberal Studies degree in the United Statesand Canada. Their personal backgrounds and proposed research demonstrate the broad appeal of the Liberal Studies program, thediversity of its student body and the current-day relevance of a values-based education. Biographical sketches of the new candidates,arranged alphabetically, follow.

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William (Bill) CostanzaWilliam (Bill) CostanzaWilliam (Bill) CostanzaWilliam (Bill) CostanzaWilliam (Bill) Costanzais a Chicago native who receivedhis B.S. degree in psychology fromthe University of Illinoisat Champaign-Urbana. He receivedhis M.A. in internationalrelations from American Universityin Washington, D.C. He formerlyserved as an operations officer inthe Directorate of Operations ofthe Central Intelligence Agency forover 24 years before retiring in2004. As an operations officer, hedesigned intelligence collectionstrategies in the areas of counter-terrorism, counter-narcotics,weapons of mass destruction,telecommunications and strategictechnologies. From 1996 to 2004,he served as a counter-terrorismofficer, which included assistingforeign governments in enhancingtheir indigenous counter-terrorismcapabilities. He has lived in CentralAmerica, Latin America and CentralAsia. He currently works as anational security consultant withthe Abraxas Corporation. He isalso an award-winning playwrightwhose plays have appearedin Washington, D.C., Chicago, Los

Angeles and Texas. His D.L.S.research plans to focus on a cross-cultural examination of thepsychological and sociologicalfactors that influence anindividual’s susceptibility to recruit-ment by terrorist organizations.

Bob DoddsBob DoddsBob DoddsBob DoddsBob Dodds is a nativeNew Yorker who now lives inWashington, D.C. He is a graduateof Yale College and Yale LawSchool. He also holds a master’sdegree in taxation from NYU LawSchool. After a brief stint on WallStreet, he spent his entire profes-sional career as an internationaltax lawyer with Mobil Corporation.He has traveled extensively abroadengaging in commercial negotia-tions and dispute resolution withvarious government entities,particularly in Asia, Africa and theMiddle East. In the process, he hasgained considerable insight intothe cultures of various developedand developing nations, as well asthe roles of large multi-nationalcorporations. Since retirement, hehas been enrolled in the M.A.L.S.program, fulfilling a life-long dream

of returning to academia andimmersing himself in the literatureand art of the ancient Greeks andRomans. His doctoral thesis isexpected to examine the receptionof the Roman poet Ovid as aportal into Medieval and Renais-sance worldviews.

Ben GustafsonBen GustafsonBen GustafsonBen GustafsonBen Gustafson, a nativeof Buffalo, N.Y., currently resides inArlington, Va. He holds a B.A. inhistory from Georgetown, andmaster’s degrees in education(University of Rochester), publicadministration (Syracuse Univer-sity), and international relations(Syracuse University). Mr.Gustafson is currently the SeniorHealth Development Officer in theOffice of HIV/AIDS at the U.S.Agency for International Develop-ment, and has spent the past sixyears as a senior policy analyst in anumber of federal agencies, includ-ing the Department of Health andHuman Services, the Departmentof Education, and the WhiteHouse Budget Office. Prior to hisfederal career, he worked as asocial studies teacher in Rochester,

Members of the D.L.S. classes of 2005 and 2006welcomed the class of 2007 at an introductory session

and reception on June 22 at the Alumni House.

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Liberal Studies AT GEORGETOWN

N.Y., an English as a Second Lan-guage teacher in Seoul, SouthKorea, and a Director of Educationin Raleigh, N.C. His researchinterest lies in exploring the emer-gence of evangelical Protestantismas a major American political force inthe 1970s and assessing the rela-tionship between strong religiousconviction and the tenets of demo-cratic government.

Jonathan RJonathan RJonathan RJonathan RJonathan R. Harding. Harding. Harding. Harding. Hardingreceived a B.S. in business adminis-tration in accounting from LoyolaCollege in Maryland, an M.S. inprofessional writing from TowsonUniversity, and an M.F.A. in creativewriting from Goddard College inVermont. In addition to teachingbusiness writing, composition, andliterature at Penn State Universityand York College of Pennsylvania,Mr. Harding has served as thePresident of Progressive Develop-ment Consulting, which raisedmillions of dollars for importantartistic and social enterprises. Today,he is the Assistant Director ofCorporate & Foundation Relationsat Loyola College in Maryland,

working secure funding in supportof the College’s $80 million capitalcampaign. As part of his D.L.S.study, Mr. Harding hopes tobroaden the definition of modernrhetoric to include the language ofthe arts by investigating therelationship between message andmedia and examining the rhetoricaleffects of story from a linguisticperspective. More practically, hehopes to articulate how artistscan use the rhetoric of pain asagents for social justice, as tools tocounterbalance the rhetoric of thepower class.

Robin KlineRobin KlineRobin KlineRobin KlineRobin Kline has morethan 25 years’ experience withcoalition-building activities, includ-ing academic and internationalprogram management and publicaffairs. Currently a senior programspecialist with the U.S. Depart-ment of Transportation, sheadministers a multi-million dollarR&D grant program to 60 institu-tions. Ms. Kline spent ten yearswith USIA/State Departmentworking with institutions inEastern Europe, the former Soviet

Republics and Africa that weredeveloping their economics andbusiness programs, and hastraveled extensively throughoutAlbania, Czech Republic, Slovakia,Slovenia, Lithuania, Estonia andLatvia. She served tours of dutywith the State Department’sBureau of International Narcoticsand Law Enforcement as a policycoordination officer, and with theCarnegie Commission for Prevent-ing Deadly Conflict, where shedeveloped an international dis-semination strategy for theCommission’s final report. Ms.Kline earned a M.A.L.S. fromGeorgetown in 1998. Her D.L.S.dissertation will focus on hownational environmental policy isbeing affected by the collaborativepartnership forming between thescience and evangelical communi-ties.

Brian MurphyBrian MurphyBrian MurphyBrian MurphyBrian Murphy is originallyfrom Alexandria, Va. He graduatedfrom the College of William andMary with a B.A. in governmentand holds a master’s degree inIslamic studies from Columbia

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University. He was commissionedas an officer in the United StatesMarine Corps. He left the Marinesin 1998 to become a special agentwith the FBI and was assigned tothe FBI’s New York FieldDivision. After initially working onmore traditional criminal matters,he switched his focus to counter-terrorism in September of2001. His master’s thesis focusedon how and why groups like Al-Qaeda are able to make in-roadsinto Muslim communities. Amongthe reasons he addressed was theeconomic disparity that has per-sisted in many Muslimcountries. He focused on thehistorical ties between Al-Qaeda’sleaders and ideologues and histori-

the Farm Credit System InsuranceCorporation (FCSIC), a govern-ment-controlled independententity that manages a $2.3 billioninsurance fund that insures the$134 billion of debt securitiesissued by the Farm Credit SystemBanks. As a member of the FCSICmanagement team, he ensures thefinancial integrity of the insurancefund and brings more than 24years of experience in government,banking, finance, and insurance tothis position. This includes over-sight of FCSIC’s investment port-folio and administration of otherfinancial activities. Mr. Pfitzingerholds a B.S. in finance fromMarquette University and an M.S.in management (summa cumlaude) from National Louis Univer-sity. He has also completed theProgram for Senior Managers inGovernment at Harvard’s John F.Kennedy School of Government.Originally from Wauwatosa, Wis.,Rick currently resides in McLean,Va. He intends to continuestudying rural policy in the D.L.S.program with a special emphasison immigration issues.

Elizabeth WElizabeth WElizabeth WElizabeth WElizabeth W. Shelton. Shelton. Shelton. Shelton. Sheltonrecently finished a 27-year careeras a Foreign Service Officer at theDepartment of State, with over-seas assignments in Thailand,Malaysia, Nigeria, Turkey (twice),the U.N., Azerbaijan, and Albania.As an economics officer interestedin economic development, Eliza-beth followed the commoditymarkets in Southeast Asia, oil, debtand development issues in Nigeria,financial markets globally, marketliberalization in Turkey, oil anddevelopment issues in post-SovietAzerbaijan, and a reawakening tothe world from a three-generationisolation in Albania. At the U.N., asin all assignments, Elizabeth wasactive in trade and commercialissues, particularly business devel-opment. She was the recipient ofthe Department of State’s presti-gious Cobb Award for Initiativeand Success in Trade Development.Elizabeth earned a B.A. in historyfrom the University of Michigan,an M.A. in international develop-ment from American University,and an M.S. in National SecurityStrategy from the National WarCollege, National Defense Univer-

cal Muslim activists that championedeconomic concerns. He is currentlyassigned to FBI headquarters inWashington, D.C., where he con-tinues to work on terrorismmatters. He has had the oppor-tunity through work and vacationto travel to a number of countriesin the Middle East.

C. Richard PfitzingerC. Richard PfitzingerC. Richard PfitzingerC. Richard PfitzingerC. Richard Pfitzinger isthe Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of

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Liberal Studies AT GEORGETOWN

sity. An historian at heart, Eliza-beth has a keen interest in 19th

century American Protestantmissionaries in Anatolia and theirinfluence on U.S. foreign policy.

David VDavid VDavid VDavid VDavid Vainaainaainaainaaina, a nativeFloridian, is a research associate atthe Pew Research Center. Heearned his B.A. degrees in Englishliterature and classics from MiamiUniversity. He then graduated withan M.A. in English literature fromUniversity College London. Whileworking as a survey researchanalyst for a Democratic pollingfirm, he earned an M.A. in govern-ment from Johns Hopkins Univer-sity. His thesis examined mediacoverage during the Senate confir-mation hearings of Judge JohnRoberts and was awarded honorsfor his work. At Pew, he studiesand writes on network televisionand online media. His writingshave appeared in a number ofonline and print publications,including CBSNews.com, theHuffington Post, the St LouisJournalism Review, and the OnlineJournalism Review. His doctoral

thesis will focus on the historicalunderpinnings of blogging.

Karen WilhelmKaren WilhelmKaren WilhelmKaren WilhelmKaren Wilhelm, originallyfrom Ohio, currently resides inAlexandria, Va. She is pursuing thedoctorate in liberal studies follow-ing a career of almost 33 years inthe U.S. Air Force. She holds a B.S.in military history from the AirForce Academy and her advanceddegrees include an M.S. in logisticsmanagement from the Air ForceInstitute of Technology and anM.A. in history from LouisianaTech University. As an Air Forceofficer, she held a wide variety offlight line, command, and staffpositions as an aircraft mainte-nance officer. She has also servedon the Joint Staff as a strategistand speechwriter for the Chair-man, Joint Chiefs of Staff and onthe faculties of the USAF Academyand the National War College. Herdoctoral research will examine theconcept of mobilizing for war inthe 21st century, given that thelanguage of mobilization is anartifact of 20th century industrialwarfare.

Bridgette WBridgette WBridgette WBridgette WBridgette Weitzeleitzeleitzeleitzeleitzel is theVice President of Organization andTalent Development for FannieMae in Washington, D.C. In thisrole, she is responsible for workingwith the company’s senior man-agement to design and implementapproaches to enhance the peopleand organization capability for thisFortune 20 company. She hasover 20 years experience in leadingthe organization and executivedevelopment efforts for a variety ofhigh tech, biotech, and telecom-munications companies, includingDell, Genentech, Celera Genomics,the MITRE Corporation, andMCI. Focus areas include leader-ship assessment and development,succession, retention, teamdevelopment, and all aspects oforganization development. Sheearned her B.A. in business fromUniversity of Phoenix, a M.S. inorganizational studies from theUniversity of Pennsylvania, and anEd.S. in human resources develop-ment from George WashingtonUniversity. Her research for theD.L.S. will focus on approaches tostrengthening critical thinking incorporate leaders. L S

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CommencementCommencementCommencementCommencementCommencement

he Georgetown UniversitySchool of Continuing Studiesconferred 73 degrees upon theundergraduate and graduatestudents of the Liberal Studies

program at its 32nd commencementceremony on Saturday, May 19. Fifty-ninestudents received their Master of Arts inLiberal Studies degrees and 14 received theirBachelor of Arts in Liberal Studies degrees.One student, Michael Lowe, received theM.A.L.S. portion of the joint M.A.L.S./M.D.

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Liberal Studies AT GEORGETOWN

degree with a concentration inEthics and the Professions.

Philanthropist Catherine B.Reynolds received an honorarydoctorate degree at the ceremony,conferred upon her byGeorgetown University PresidentJohn J. DeGioia. Mrs. Reynolds isthe founder and chairman of Loanto Learn, an EduCap EducationLoan program which providesprivately funded educational

financing as an alternative to gov-ernment student loan programs.

Dr. Anthony J.Tambasco, Professor ofTheology and formerChair of the TheologyDepartment andLiberal Studies CoreFaculty member,received The Excellencein Teaching FacultyAward.

20072007200720072007

L S

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would like to beginby acknowledgingMichael Collins. Icame to SCS only ayear ago, and foundquickly that Michael

had built an amazing set ofacademic programs in theSchool. I realized that a large partof my reasoning for taking thisposition was due to the pro-grams he had worked to developand the type of education hewas creating here as the Dean....

The School of Continuing Stud-ies has taken great strides in myfirst year, and this was onlyaccomplished by standing onMichael’s shoulders and continu-ing the outstanding work he did.I want to publicly thank andacknowledge Michael for thatwork.

For advice about what tosay tonight, I began with mycolleagues. I received responsessuch as, “don’t use quotes to getyour point across – talk morefrom your own experiences.”They believed it would be morepersonal. Then, I went to someof my friends and asked themwhat I should do. They told meto be funny – easier said thandone. Finally, I went to my wife.Her response: do 10 minutes andsit down.

So I promise you my besttoday, to speak from experience,

to add a little humor where I can,and to sit down within the next10 minutes. First and foremost,you all have achieved a greataccomplishment and with thoseaccomplishments come greatresponsibilities. Responsibilitiesyou should feel honored to havebecause of the amount of oppor-tunities that will now be availableto you.

These responsibilities, rootedin our Jesuit tradition, are givento each student at Georgetown,in all programs. They begin withfinding ways to continually valuethe role that education andlearning have in your life. Theyinclude discovering methods tomost effectively utilize the chal-lenges that come with engagingdiversity, both personally andprofessionally. And lastly, theyconsist of understanding thatyour education requires you to

SerSerSerSerServing A Lving A Lving A Lving A Lving A Larger Purposearger Purposearger Purposearger Purposearger Purposeby Robert L. Manuel

Robert L. Manuel, Dean of the School of Continuing Studies, spoke at theinduction ceremony for Alpha Sigma Lambda, the undergraduate honorary society forcontinuing education, on March 20, 2007. He was the 2007 ASL Honorary Memberinductee and serves as the National Councilor for Georgetown’s Gamma Tau Chapterof ASL. Excerpts of Dean Manuel’s remarks to the inductees follow.

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Liberal Studies AT GEORGETOWN

act within the larger society, touse it and its benefits for morethan mere self-focus and promo-tion.

To understand the impor-tance of education in general -the first of these responsibilities -let me tell you a short story.Recently, I was in Italy on vaca-tion with my family. We were inTuscany, enjoying the sites andsoaking in the culture. We hadthe opportunity to drive southof Florence, and on the way toour destination we passed acemetery from the Second WorldWar. The cemetery looked like anendless series of white crosses onthe hillside, perfectly ordered,immaculately spaced. It was bothbeautiful and frightening at thesame time. I, as you are probablydoing now, associated thecemetery with death – death thatwas caused by one of theworld’s most outward displays ofhatred, bigotry, and intolerance.

I immediately was saddenedand thought of the currentissues we’re facing in a globalcontext. I began to think that thepossibility was there to see the

results of this kind of hatred inmy lifetime.

Education is one of the veryfew societal institutions we haveleft that has the power and reachto combat the cruel, hurtfulforms of ignorance. My hope isthat you will all see the largerpurpose of your education – theconnection that it holds toimpacting policies, norms andeven values in the larger societyin which we all live. And, I hopeyou will have the confidence toact – to be a part of the conver-sation rather than simply anaudience to it.

You will be privy to conver-sations that form importantcharacteristics in the frameworkof our society – connections topeople who make decisionsimpacting large portions of thepopulation, to people withwealth, and to individuals whostrive to create and innovate. Tobe welcomed into these conver-sations is one advantage thatsome simply won’t ever have....Taking advantage of that accessin a way that benefits more thanjust you is the core responsibility

My hope is that you

will all see the larger

purpose of your

education – the

connection that it

holds to impacting

policies, norms and

even values in the

larger society in

which we all live.

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that I referred to earlier, and thestrongest part of my messagetonight.

Utilizing your new access topower is the first responsibility —the second is finding ways tovalue others – other cultures,other ideas, and other view-points.

I don’t know how many ofyou have had the experience ofbeing the “other” in your life.Traveling alone in a foreigncountry, or even moving to anew location can give you thatfeeling.

For me, it happened when Ifirst met my wife. I’m married toa Haitian woman who spent thefirst nine years of her life livingin Haiti, and still has many tiesto the community there. Whenwe first met, she invited me to achristening for one of hercousins. It was supposed to bea simple date, and I felt comfort-able accepting despite the fact Ididn’t have any exposure toHaitian culture. However, Ithought I would fill that voidwith my knowledge gained fromattending many other christen-ings.

But I can’t tell you howlimiting it was to show up tothe christening and not knowthe language, the culture, orthe traditions. I had no way toshow my value to the group, noway to communicate anythingabout myself to the family. I

lacked any cultural capital inthat instance. That experience as“the other” has had profoundeffects on my life.

Despite all of the differ-ences between my wife and me,we had core commonalities.Initially, that commonality wassimply an interest in the value ofthe individual. After some timetogether we found that therewere a tremendous number ofthings we had in common – thevalue of education, the role ofmarriage and religion, to name afew. While it was uncomfortableat first, we were able to findways to communicate. I amricher for that experience.

The final responsibility dealswith how you focus yourselfand your professional work. Youcan choose to let your advan-tage of educational accomplish-ments simply accrue for yourself– a better job, higher hourlybillable rates, newer car, nicerhome. Or, you can use yournewly acquired access to powerto help others realize an entrypoint into the educationalpipeline, to make necessary

(Y)ou need to have

confidence that you

belong at the table,

that you have a right

to be involved in the

conversation about

our collective

progress and well-

being.

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Liberal Studies AT GEORGETOWN

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changes to arbitrary obstacles,and to prevent new cemeteriesof white crosses.

To do this requires aunique form of leadership. Thetype of leadership I am talkingabout doesn’t come easy. Ithink leadership is easy whenthe cultures and values of thepeople you are working withare the same as yours. It’s notso easy when they are differ-ent.... I think this specific typeof leadership requires at leasttwo things:

One, it requires that youhave a deep understanding ofyourself and your own valuestructure. You need to be ableto debate, inform and actaccording to your own com-pass. Two, you need to haveconfidence that you belong atthe table, that you have a rightto be involved in the conversa-tion about our collectiveprogress and well-being.

Lastly, I think it is valuableto quickly talk about why it isimportant to think of thesethings in your life.

First, I think there are

personal rewards. You know thesaying, “you reap what yousow,” but that is not the kind ofpersonal return I am talkingabout. Here, I am referring tothe benefit of expanding yourown worldview. Here, thepersonal reward is making youmore comfortable as a globalcitizen.

The second reason is thattruly creative solutions to issueswill emerge when the worth ofdiversity is highly valued andNOT marginalized. I recently hadthe opportunity to speak withNorman Augustine, the head ofLockheed Martin. He said thatwhile our work force is beingoutsourced to other countriesat increasing rates, and global-ization will surely move some ofour existing industry baseoutside of America’s borders, theAmerican economy will survive.He said it will survive because itis based on innovation. Some ofthe most creative solutions andsome of the most innovativeproducts of our time werecreated in collaboration betweendifferent people; they were

created through environmentsthat were based on challenges.

So that brings me back tomy introduction – how do Imake this speech memorable –how do I communicate a needfor your consistent action?

First, take a read through abook called Heroic Leadership byChris Lowney. Chris is an ex-Jesuit priest who went to workfor JP Morgan. His book ties theelements of the Jesuit traditioninto business and responsibleleadership. He journals a life filledwith examples of the leadership Irefer to here.

Second, try to be cognizantof the points in your life whenyou gain new access to power–and realize that you have amoment of influence – a momentto truly lead.

If you do these two things, Iwill have succeeded where atleast 50 others have failed.

Thank you for the opportu-nity to talk with you tonight.Again, I offer you my warmestcongratulations and best wishesfor success in the future.

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ell more than a yearbefore the Americanpublic steps intovoting booths tochoose the next

president of the United States, andmany months before the majorparties choose their respectivecandidates, the 2008 presidentialfield (as of March) numbered 18

men and women striving for ourcountry’s highest office. Americangovernment professor and presi-dential elections watcher JamesLengle describes the large numberof 2008 presidential candidates asthe most diverse group in Americanhistory.

Today, there are eight Demo-crats and 10 Republicans in therace. Some are household names.Others are known in politicalcircles. And a few leave even themost insider analysts scratchingtheir collective heads. There arecurrent and former senators,governors and members of theHouse of Representatives, and oneformer mayor.

They are a woman, many men,an African American, a Hispanic, aMormon, an Italian American and asenior citizen. Sen. John McCain (R-Ariz.) would be over 70 if he issworn in as the next president.“There are limited Constitutionalrules on who can be president,”Lengle said. Truly, “any Americanchild can grow up to be the Presi-dent of the United States.” Yet, inAmerican political culture, “there isa bias toward rich, white, Anglo

Saxon, Protestant males.”Many well-known and well-

respected candidates are sitting onthe sidelines. In political speak, theyare waiting to test the waters or tosee if the fire burns hot enough intheir bellies. But these potentialcandidates, including former VicePresident Al Gore, leader of the1994 Republican Revolution NewtGingrich, former New York Gov.George Pataki, Nebraska Sen.Chuck Hagel and actor and formerTennessee Sen. Fred Thompson,would need to decide by summer inorder to raise the money andrecruit the staff necessary for asuccessful run.

Lengle noted that this is thefirst time since 1928 when neitheran incumbent president nor vicepresident is running, leaving this a“wide open playing field with noclear favorite.”

Each of the individuals run-ning considers him or herself to be“presidential timber.” And, given thechanges in the electoral processsince 1972, each has the chance,the opportunity, to sell themselvesand their ideas to the Americanpeople.

The Early Bird Gets the White House?The Early Bird Gets the White House?The Early Bird Gets the White House?The Early Bird Gets the White House?The Early Bird Gets the White House?by Laura Trivers

Liberal Studies Professor James Lengle handicaps the already crowded field for the 2008 presidential race.

“There are limited

Constitutional rules on

who can be president....

(A)ny American child

can grow up to be the

President of the United

States.” Yet, in

American political

culture, “there is a bias

toward rich, white,

Anglo Saxon,

Protestant males.”

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Liberal Studies AT GEORGETOWN

From 1900 to 1968, a presi-dential candidate needed to be anationally prominent politicianwith strong party ties who couldwin endorsements from state partyleaders. But according to Lengle,the process was “transformed” in1972 when the era “of smoke filledrooms” came to an end. Theintroduction of presidential prima-ries “opened the door to more andmore diverse candidates,” Lenglesaid. “And today, self-recruitmenthas replaced party recruitment” inthe race for the American presi-dency.

According to Lengle, thepublic sees certain elected offices as“stepping stones to the presi-dency.” Unfortunately for currenthopefuls Dennis Kucinich (D-Ohio), Duncan Hunter (R-Calif.),Tom Tancredo (R-Colo.), and RonPaul (R-Texas), “the House ofRepresentatives has never beenseen as such as stepping stone.”The last time a member of theHouse ascended to the presidencywas in 1880, when Rep. JamesGarfield of Ohio was elected the20th president of the United States.

“Members of Congress have

to defy history” in their quest forthe presidency, Lengle said. “As oneof 435 members, there is lessvisibility for representatives, makingit harder to put together an organi-zation and raise money.” In addi-tion, since members of Congress siton fewer committees and subcom-mittees than their Senate counter-parts, they face fewer nationalissues day-to-day.

In recent history, the electionsof Jimmy Carter, Ronald Reagan, BillClinton and George W. Bush givethe advantage to governors,especially those from states withmany electoral votes. “Governors,”according to Lengle, “have recordsof accomplishment and executiveexperience to point to. They areone of 50, making them morevisible.” Not having a voting recordto pick apart is another benefit.Plus, Lengle said, “Governors areseen as outside the beltway andnot part of the problem. They,more than members of the Houseor Senate, can clean house.”

But, according to Lengle, “in2008, neither New Mexico Gover-nor Bill Richardson nor (former)Massachusetts Governor Mitt

Romney are household names.”In the early 20th century, the

Senate was a better steppingstoneto the presidency. Yet, Americanselected the last senator of thecentury to the presidency in 1960,with John F. Kennedy. Today,senators have their own hurdlesto overcome, Lengle said. With 99other senators craving the spot-light, “it is hard to take credit” forany initiative. And, with so manyvotes and speeches on the record,“senators are easy to criticize andcan easily be labeled as part of theproblem that governors want toclean up.” In 2008, the currentand former senators who arerunning – such as Hillary Clinton,John Edwards, and John McCain— are better known to the Ameri-can public. “Maybe 2008 will beginto restore the Senate as theincubator of future presidents,”Lengle conjectured.

In 2008, the current

and former senators

who are running… are

better known to the

American public.

“Maybe 2008 will

begin to restore the

Senate as the incubator

of future presidents.”

16

The key question for the 2008presidential race may well be, “Arewe ready?”

Are we ready for a womanpresident? For an African Ameri-can? Will gender matter? Will raceor ethnicity?

Lengle cited a recent Galluppoll that found that 95% of Amer-icans say they would vote for awoman or an African American forpresident. But, will they really? Wewill know for sure on Nov. 4, 2008.

But, before the two parties’candidates square off in the generalelection, they must first face othermembers of their own party inprimaries and caucuses. Threeweeks after the Iowa caucus andthe New Hampshire primary, 22states will hold primaries on thesame day, February 5, 2008, whichLengle called “almost a nationalprimary.”

Turnouts for primaries andcaucuses are historically low,Lengle said. For example, the typicalprimary has a turnout of 20%,while the typical caucus has aturnout of 1-3%. Who are thepeople who participate at this levelof the presidential election? The

true believers come to those earlypolls – the more liberal on theDemocratic side and the moreconservative on the Republicanside. This creates an ideological bias.

Lengle speculated that Sen.Clinton looks like she could easilywin the Democratic primaries, butwould have problems in the generalelection. Likewise, the pro-choice,pro-gun control Giuliani polls wellin a general election scenario, butwould have difficulty winning theRepublican primaries where “socialconservatives are very important.”

Lengle suggested two keyindicators for success in the presi-dential race. First of all, “peoplevote their pocketbooks.” As anadviser to then-candidate BillClinton, James Carville famouslysaid in 1992, “It’s the economy,stupid.” In fact, the state of theeconomy alone explains 12 out ofthe last 14 presidential elections.When GDP grew at a rate of 2.6%or higher in the second quarter ofthe presidential election year, thepresident or the president’s partywon seven of nine presidentialelections. The two exceptions were1968 and 2000. When GDP grew at

a rate of 1.6% or less in the secondquarter, the president or thepresident’s party lost five of fivepresidential elections.

Second, Lengle offered, checkPresident Bush’s approval ratings inJune 2008. Over the last 14 presi-dential elections, when thepresident’s approval rating was over48%, the president or thepresident’s party won seven of nineelections. The two exceptions were1960 and 2000. When the presi-dent’s approval rating was 45% orlower, the president or president’sparty lost five of five elections. IfPresident Bush’s approval rating isless than 45%, that’s a sign theRepublicans could well be handingover the keys to the White Houseto the Democrats in January 2009.

With the 2000 election in ourmemories, Lengle cautioned to“beware the popular vote… fourcandidates have won the popularvote but lost the presidency.”

But, “the elephant in theroom…is Iraq. That will be the mostimportant issue in this election,”Lengle predicted. Beware, too, ofpublic opinion. “Public opinionchanges quickly.”

“Governors are seen as

outside the beltway and

not part of the problem.

They, more than

members of the House

or Senate, can clean

house.”

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17

Liberal Studies AT GEORGETOWN

Liberal Studies Alumni, Student,Liberal Studies Alumni, Student,Liberal Studies Alumni, Student,Liberal Studies Alumni, Student,Liberal Studies Alumni, Student,and Fand Fand Fand Fand Faculty Notesaculty Notesaculty Notesaculty Notesaculty NotesNEWS OF ALUMNI:

Rolf BarberRolf BarberRolf BarberRolf BarberRolf Barber, M.A.L.S. ’96, is theInterim Director for the CO-OPProgram at Montgomery College’sRockville campus, where he alsoteaches the course “CooperativeEducation.”

TTTTTabitha Benneyabitha Benneyabitha Benneyabitha Benneyabitha Benney, M.A.L.S. ‘07,will pursue her Ph.D. in politicalscience this fall at The University ofCalifornia at Santa Barbara.

Stephanie BlakeStephanie BlakeStephanie BlakeStephanie BlakeStephanie Blake, M.A.L.S. ’03,joined the faculty of American Univer-sity in Washington, D.C. as an associ-ate professor of journalism in theSchool of Communication.

Salima Christie BurkeSalima Christie BurkeSalima Christie BurkeSalima Christie BurkeSalima Christie Burke, M.A.L.S.‘07, recipient of a GU Graduate SchoolConference Travel Grant, presentedportions of her thesis on Muslim per-sonal law in India at the World HistoryAssociation’s SE regional conference atAppalachian State University last fall.In June, she sat on a panel at theassociation’s annual conference.

Michele Campbell,Michele Campbell,Michele Campbell,Michele Campbell,Michele Campbell, B.A.L.S. ‘87,M.A.L.S. ‘03 serves as faculty at StrayerUniversity where she is teaching twohumanities courses at the Rockvillecampus: Introduction to Art, Music,and Literature and Origins of WesternCivilization.

TTTTTom Carom Carom Carom Carom Carroll,roll,roll,roll,roll, BALS ’89, MALS’01, joins the faculty of the School ofForeign Service this spring to co-teacha course, Information Technology andInternational Security. He is ChiefEngineer in the Analysis and Studies

Department, Center for Inte-gratedSystems, The MITRE Corporation.

Damien ClarkDamien ClarkDamien ClarkDamien ClarkDamien Clark, M.A.L.S. ’03, willbegin the Ph.D. in Psychology pro-gram at The George WashingtonUniversity this fall.

LLLLLauren Goodwinauren Goodwinauren Goodwinauren Goodwinauren Goodwin, M.A.L.S. ’06,works for the CIA as a South AsianAffairs analyst.

Leila HanafiLeila HanafiLeila HanafiLeila HanafiLeila Hanafi, M.A.L.S. ‘07, wasnamed a winner of the World Bank’sMENA Youth Innovation Fund. Sherecently traveled to Morocco to starther project - Youth EmploymentInitiative: Reaching MarginalizedYouth in Urban Areas of Rabat-Salé.

Nicole FNicole FNicole FNicole FNicole Farararararmer Hurdmer Hurdmer Hurdmer Hurdmer Hurd, M.A.L.S.‘96, creator of the University ofVirginia’s College Guides program,received a Governor’s Volunteerismand Community Service Award forNational Service from Gov. Tim Kaine.She is featured in a recent Chronicleof Higher Education article.

TTTTTugba Kugba Kugba Kugba Kugba Kalafatoglualafatoglualafatoglualafatoglualafatoglu, M.A.L.S.’02, received the American Biographi-cal Institute’s 2007 Woman of theYear award. This honor is presented toan individual annually from across theglobe who exhibits extraordinaryachievement and determination basedon American ideals of entrepreneur-ship and success along with commu-nity involvement.

Mariam KhokharMariam KhokharMariam KhokharMariam KhokharMariam Khokhar, M.A.L.S. ‘00,works in Pretoria, South Africa for theInternational Organization for Migra-tion where she serves as Program

Manager for Counter-Trafficking andIrregular Migration.

Sharon KuglerSharon KuglerSharon KuglerSharon KuglerSharon Kugler,,,,, M.A.L.S. ’98, hasbeen named chaplain of Yale Univer-sity. She has served as universitychaplain for Johns Hopkins Universitysince 1993 and has also served as thepresident of both the National Asso-ciation of College and UniversityChaplains and the Association of Col-lege and University Religious Affairs.

Awarded several academicscholarships including this summer’shospital chaplancy internship, BetteBetteBetteBetteBetteJeanne LJeanne LJeanne LJeanne LJeanne Larsen,arsen,arsen,arsen,arsen, MALS ’06, hascompleted the first of the four-yearM.Div. program at Lutheran Theologi-cal Seminary, Gettysburg, PA.

Michael OMichael OMichael OMichael OMichael O’Rourke,’Rourke,’Rourke,’Rourke,’Rourke, M.A.L.S. ‘98,was recently honored by CatholicCharities of Northern Virginia for his12 years as the associate director offinance and administration. He isnow the executive director of theArlington-Alexandria Coalition for theHomeless.

Bill RemleyBill RemleyBill RemleyBill RemleyBill Remley,,,,, M.A.L.S. ‘06 startshis Ph.D. program in the New Schoolof Social Research in New York Citythis fall. His doctoral studies will focuson 20th century philosophy.

Stephanie VStephanie VStephanie VStephanie VStephanie Vance,ance,ance,ance,ance, M.A.L.S. ‘06,a SCS Professional Developmentfaculty member, teaches Escape orEngage? Exploring the ModernApproach to Technology and Enter-tainment. The July 2007 “AssociationsNow” magazine includes an article

she wrote, “Breaking the Rules ofEngagement” stemming from workshe did on her MALS thesis.

John Wilwol,John Wilwol,John Wilwol,John Wilwol,John Wilwol, M.A.L.S. ‘07, isaccepted to the M.A. in Journalismprogram at New York Universitybeginning this fall.

NEWS OF STUDENTS:Liberal Studies doctoral student

Peter BrookesPeter BrookesPeter BrookesPeter BrookesPeter Brookes was recently awardedthe 2007 Frank Knox Media Award bythe Navy League of New York for hiswork on national security and de-fense issues. He is a Senior Fellow forNational Security Affairs for TheHeritage Foundation.

Thomas HorThomas HorThomas HorThomas HorThomas Hortontontontonton, currentM.A.L.S. student, had his article,“Competition or Monoply? TheImplications of Complexity Science,Chaos Theory, and EvolutionaryBiology for Antitrust and CompetitionPolicy” published in The AntitrustBulletin: Vol. 51, No. 2/Spring 2006.

MALS student Fleet Hower Fleet Hower Fleet Hower Fleet Hower Fleet Hower wasselected to the 2007 ESPN (TheMagazine) All-American Men’s CrossCountry Track & Field Third Team,voted upon by the College SportsInformation Directors of America(CoSIDA). A top distance runner, hefinished high in the NCAA and BIGEAST Outdoor Championships andthe IC4A and BIG EAST IndoorChampionships.

DLS student, Pablo Molina,Pablo Molina,Pablo Molina,Pablo Molina,Pablo Molina, isfeatured in the July 9th edition of“Computer World” as one of the“Top 40 under 40 TechnologyInnovators.” He serves as the ChiefInformation Officer of the George-town University Law Center.

NEWS OF FACULTY:DrDrDrDrDr. Michael Collins. Michael Collins. Michael Collins. Michael Collins. Michael Collins was se-

lected by the Georgetown CollegeSenior Class to receive the 2007Edward B. Bunn, S.J. Award forFaculty Excellence. He shared one ofhis favorite poems, “Cathedral Build-ers” by John Ormond with theSeniors. Reciting the cathedralbuilder’s last words, “I bloody didthat,” he said, “While we have nomagnificent cathedral to point totoday, we – all of us gathered to-gether this weekend [graduates,teachers, administrators, parents,grandparents, family, and friends]share that feeling of accomplishmentand satisfaction as you, the membersof the class of 2007, are honoredtoday for your many distinguishedachievements here at Georgetown.”

Elizabeth DukeElizabeth DukeElizabeth DukeElizabeth DukeElizabeth Duke, Ph.D., LiberalStudies faculty member in the field ofSocial/Public Policy and one of theThesis Proposal Workshop teachers, isthe recipient of a 2006 PresidentialRank Award, the most prestigiousaward offered to federal seniorexecutives and professionals. She wasrecognized for her leadership at theDepartment of Health and HumanServices.

DrDrDrDrDr. F. F. F. F. Francis Ambrosiorancis Ambrosiorancis Ambrosiorancis Ambrosiorancis Ambrosio, AssociateProfessor of Philosophy and LiberalStudies core faculty member, haswritten a book Dante and Derrida:Face to Face (State University of NewYork Press, 2007).

IN MEMORIAM:Richard Lee Hough, Ph.D.,Richard Lee Hough, Ph.D.,Richard Lee Hough, Ph.D.,Richard Lee Hough, Ph.D.,Richard Lee Hough, Ph.D., a

Liberal Studies adjunct professor forover fifteen years, died on June 18,

2007. He taught courses in the field ofsocial and public policy including“Values and Issues in Public Policy”and “The Evolution of the NationState” and mentored the theses ofmany degree candidates.

Florence WhiteFlorence WhiteFlorence WhiteFlorence WhiteFlorence White, one of LiberalStudies earliest graduates, B.A.L.S. ’76,M.A.L.S. ’83 died Dec. 11, 2006. Sheoften credited the Liberal Studies pro-gram and its courses on China andAsian Studies and particularly her thesisresearch for successfully launching herlifelong career focused on U.S. relationswith China.

LIBERAL STUDIES FLIBERAL STUDIES FLIBERAL STUDIES FLIBERAL STUDIES FLIBERAL STUDIES FALL 2007ALL 2007ALL 2007ALL 2007ALL 2007ACADEMIC CALENDARACADEMIC CALENDARACADEMIC CALENDARACADEMIC CALENDARACADEMIC CALENDAR

Aug 27-28 Walk-In Fall Registration and Payment,9:00 AM - 6 PMWhite-Gravenor Bldg. for payment, only;Suite 225 ICC for registration assistance

Sept 3 Holiday: Labor DaySept 4 Fall classes begin. (Check your

schedule and syllabus on the LiberalStudies Website for the exact dateand location of your first classmeeting. Main campus departmentalcourses begin Aug. 29th.)

Sept 11 Last Day of Add/DropSept 15 National Gallery of Art Tour with Dr. Eric

Denker, 10:30 AM, Florentine Art of the15th Century*

Sept 18 Open House 6 PM & Lecture 7 PMICC Suite 225, Foyer, and Auditorium

Oct 8 Columbus Day Holiday (no classes)Oct 13 NGA Tour, 10:30 AM, Sienese PaintingNov 5 Spring Online Registration begins

(Stu.Acct.must be below $2000)Nov. 10 NGA Tour, 10:30 AM, Florentine High

Renaissance ArtDec 3 BALS/MALS Applications due for

Spring 08 AdmissionThesis Submission Deadline for fall 2007MALS candidates

Dec 8 NGA Tour, 10:30 AM, Venetian HighRenaissance Painting

Jan 9 Walk-in Spring Registration andPayment, 9:00 AM - 6 PM. Check yourcourse syllabus for date of 1st class.

May 16 Graduate School Commencement-2:30 PM, MALS graduates mayparticipate.

May 17 Liberal Studies Commencement: 6PM, Gaston Hall, Healy Bldg., followedby Reception in the ICC Galleria.

May 18 University Baccalaureate: 9:00 AM,Healy Lawn

*For registration and further information on theNational Gallery of Art (NGA) Sat. Morn. Tour Series,contact Anne Ridder, riddera@georgetown.edu

L S

18

EDITOR

Stephanie Blake

DEPARTMENT EDITOR

Laura Trivers

WRITERS

Stephanie Blake

Anne Ridder

Laura Trivers

DESIGNER

Rosemary Henry

About Liberal Studies atAbout Liberal Studies atAbout Liberal Studies atAbout Liberal Studies atAbout Liberal Studies atGeorgetownGeorgetownGeorgetownGeorgetownGeorgetown

Liberal StudiesAT GEORGETOWN

©2007 LIBERAL STUDIESDEGREE PROGRAM,

SCHOOL OF CONTINUING STUDIES,GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY.

Requests for permission to quote fromarticles must be sent to:

Dr. Phyllis O’Callaghan,Georgetown University

Box 571011Washington, DC 20057-1011

L S

t is a thrill for me to penmy first contribution toLiberal Studies atGeorgetown as itseditor. I follow in the

very large footsteps of JohnMcClenahen, who was instrumen-tal in launching this fine publica-tion and tirelessly advocating for itas a tangible product of the im-mense and important work beingdone in the School of ContinuingStudies. Quite often through theediting process, I have wonderedwhat John will think of this, thefirst edition that does not bear hisname. His imprint, however, is mostcertainly here, and I am grateful tohim for it.

Profiles of the newest D.L.S.candidates for this exceptionaldegree program are featured amongthe articles in this edition of LiberalStudies at Georgetown. The editorthanks Anne Ridder and IsaiahWooden for their efforts in assem-bling these, and also thanks SCSDean Robert Manuel and JackieSanders for providing the text ofDean Manuel’s remarks to theAlpha Sigma Lambda honor societyinductees.

As I prepared to join theLiberal Studies At Georgetownteam, I realized, a bit to my chagrin,I had not been back to theGeorgetown campus since my own

commencement in 2003. Raising afamily (including two small children)and preparing to return to full-timeprofessional work can do that toyou, I guess. But I have come toknow over these weeks of workingon this magazine that Georgetownhad never really left me. I see how ithas continued to shape my careerchoices, my voice in the publicdiscourse, my worldview, my faith –the many facets of who I am.

I close my remarks with aninvitation to you, the reader, tobecome a member of the LiberalStudies at Georgetown team. Theeffort to put out this publicationtwice a year is thoroughly profes-sional, as you can see, but alsoentirely volunteer. We are indebtedto those who give so much of theirtime, and are always looking forothers to assist in this valuablework. Quite frankly, we need you!Alumni or current students, aspir-ing writers, copy editors, evenphotographers – all are welcome.Let this be the place for you toshare – or, like me, rediscover – thevoice of Georgetown in you.Contact me at snazzblake@yahoo.com, or the Liberal Studiesoffice.

Thank you, and enjoy.

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