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LHC results on open charm, double charm and X(3872) produc<on Patrick Robbe, LAL Orsay, 14 May 2012 For the LHCb Collabora<on Charm 2012 Honolulu 14 – 17 May 2012

LHC$results$on$open$charm,$double$ charm$and$X(3872 ... · LHC$results$on$open$charm,$double$ charm$and$X(3872)$produc

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Page 1: LHC$results$on$open$charm,$double$ charm$and$X(3872 ... · LHC$results$on$open$charm,$double$ charm$and$X(3872)$produc

LHC  results  on  open  charm,  double  charm  and  X(3872)  produc<on  

Patrick  Robbe,  LAL  Orsay,  14  May  2012  For  the  LHCb  Collabora<on  

Charm  2012  Honolulu  14  –  17  May  2012  

Page 2: LHC$results$on$open$charm,$double$ charm$and$X(3872 ... · LHC$results$on$open$charm,$double$ charm$and$X(3872)$produc

•  Results  from  the  LHC  obtained  with  pp  collisions  at  7  TeV  in  2010  and  2011.  

•  Prompt  open  charm  produc<on:  – Cross-­‐sec<ons,  – Excited  states  spectroscopy.  

•  Mul<ple  charm  produc<on:  D+D,  D+J/ψ  and    J/ψ+J/ψ

•  X(3872)  produc<on.  

2  

Outline  

Page 3: LHC$results$on$open$charm,$double$ charm$and$X(3872 ... · LHC$results$on$open$charm,$double$ charm$and$X(3872)$produc

3  

The  LHC  experiments  

LHCb  ALICE  

High  luminosity  and  pile-­‐up  

Low  or  moderate  luminosity  and  pile-­‐up  

ATLAS   CMS  

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4  

The  LHC  experiments  •  All  experiments  have  a  heavy  

flavour  physics  program.  •  They  explore  complementary  region  

of  phase  space.  •  Most  results  presented  here  from  

LHCb  (experiment  dedicated  to  b  and  c  physics)  

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•  Based  on  early  data  recorded  with  minimum  bias  triggers,    –  In  the  central  region:  |y|<0.5,  5  nb-­‐1  ALICE,  JHEP01(2012)  128.  –  In  the  forward  region:  2<y<4.5,  2  nb-­‐1  LHCb,  LHCb-­‐CONF-­‐2010-­‐013.  

•  Feed-­‐down  from  B  decays  es<mated  (and  subtracted)  using  impact  parameter  distribu<ons:  prompt  D  point  back  to  the  primary  vertex.  

5  

Prompt  charm  cross-­‐sec<ons  

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6  

Prompt  charm  cross-­‐sec<ons  (central  region)  

D0➝K-­‐π+  +  c.c.   D+➝K-­‐π+π+  +  c.c.   D*+➝D0π+  +  c.c.  

•  Measurements  compared  and  in  good  agreement  with  pQCD  based  theore<cal  models:  –  FONLL,  M.  Cacciari  et  al.    [CERN-­‐PH-­‐TH-­‐2011-­‐227]  –  GM-­‐VFNS,  B.  Kniehl  et  al.  

GeV/c t

p0 5 10 15 20 25

b/G

eV/c

(

|y|<

0.5

| t /

dpmd

-210

-110

1

10

210

310ALICE

-1 = 5 nbint = 7 TeV, Ls, pp 0D

1.3% BR norm. unc. (not shown)± 3.5% lumi, ±

stat. unc.syst. unc.

FONLL GM-VFNS

(GeV/c)tp0 5 10 15 20 25

FON

LLD

ata

00.5

11.5

22.5

33.5

(GeV/c) t

p0 5 10 15 20 25

GM

-VFN

SD

ata

00.5

11.5

22.5

33.5

GeV/c t

p0 5 10 15 20 25

b/G

eV/c

(

|y|<

0.5

| t /

dpmd

-210

-110

1

10

210

310ALICE

-1 = 5 nbint = 7 TeV, Ls, pp +D

2.1% BR norm. unc. (not shown)± 3.5% lumi, ±

stat. unc.syst. unc.

FONLL GM-VFNS

(GeV/c)tp0 5 10 15 20 25

FON

LLD

ata

00.5

11.5

22.5

33.5

(GeV/c) t

p0 5 10 15 20 25

GM

-VFN

SD

ata

00.5

11.5

22.5

33.5

GeV/c t

p0 5 10 15 20 25

b/G

eV/c

(

|y|<

0.5

| t /

dpmd

-210

-110

1

10

210

310ALICE

-1 = 5 nbint = 7 TeV, Ls, pp *+D

1.5% BR norm. unc. (not shown)± 3.5% lumi, ±

stat. unc.syst. unc.

FONLL GM-VFNS

(GeV/c)tp0 5 10 15 20 25

FON

LLD

ata

00.5

11.5

22.5

33.5

(GeV/c) t

p0 5 10 15 20 25

GM

-VFN

SD

ata

00.5

11.5

22.5

33.5

ALICE,  JHEP01(2012)  128  

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7  

Prompt  charm  cross-­‐sec<ons  (forward  region)  

•  Double  differen<al  cross-­‐sec<ons  (pT  and  y)  compared  with  the  same  models.    •  Comparison  with  PYTHIA  generator  (configured  with  «  LHCb  tunings  »)  

D0➝K-­‐π+  +  c.c.   D+➝K-­‐π+π+  +  c.c.  

LHCb,  LHCb-­‐CONF-­‐2010-­‐013  

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8  

Prompt  charm  cross-­‐sec<ons  (forward  region)  

Ds+➝K-­‐K+π+  +  c.c.  

D*+➝D0π+  +  c.c.  

•  The  total  cc  cross-­‐sec<on  is  σ(pp➝cc+X)  =  6100  ±  934  µb  –  Combining  the  D0,  D+,  D*+  and  Ds

+  cross-­‐sec<ons,  –  Using  the  hadroniza<on  frac<ons  (c  ➝  D0/D+/Ds/D*+)  measured  at  the  Z0  and  Y(4S)  –  Extrapola<ng  from  the  LHCb  acceptance  to  4π  using  PYTHIA    

•  To  be  compared  with  the  total  inelas<c  cross-­‐sec<on,  ~60  mb.  

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•  ALICE  also  measured  the  cross-­‐sec<ons  at  the  intermediate  energy  of  2.76  TeV  

9  

Prompt  charm  cross-­‐sec<ons  at  various  energies  

GeV/c t

p0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

b/G

eV

/cµ

|y|<

0.5

| t / d

p!

d

-210

-110

1

10

210

+" +" -

K# +D-1 = 2.76 TeV, 1.1 nbspp,

= 54 mbMB

!

7% global norm. unc. (not shown)±

ALICE Preliminary

stat. unc.

syst. unc.

FONLL

GM-VFNS

GeV/c t

p0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

b/G

eV

/cµ

|y|<

0.5

| t / d

p!

d

-210

-110

1

10

210

+" -

K# 0D-1 = 2.76 TeV, 1.1 nbspp,

= 54 mbMB

!

7% global norm. unc. (not shown)±

ALICE Preliminary

stat. unc.

syst. unc.

FONLL

GM-VFNS

Total  cc  cross-­‐sec<on  (in  4π)  for  different  energies,  different  experiments,  and  compared  to  pQCD  models  (Mangano,  Nason,  Ridolfi,  [Nucl.  Phys.  B  373  (1992)  295]).  

( GeV/c )t

p0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

b/G

eV

/c )

µ (

|y

|<0

.5 | t

/ d

p!

d

-210

-110

1

10

210

-1 = 2.76 TeV, 1.1 nbs, pp *+D

= 54 mbMB!

7% global norm. unc. (not shown)±

ALICE Preliminary

stat. unc.

syst. unc.

FONLL

GM-VFNS

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•  Large  frac<on  of  the  produced  charm  mesons  comes  from  the  decay  of  (orbitally)  excited  states.  

•  LHCb  data  allows  to  study  the  D(s)J  states,  in  par<cular  the  ones  recently  observed  at  B  factories,  some  of  them  needing  confirma<on.  

10  

Excited  charm  state  produc<on  

DJ➝D(*)π DsJ➝D(*)K  

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•  With  320  pb-­‐1  of  LHCb  data  (beginning  of  2011)  •  Exclusive  reconstruc<on  with  the  modes  

11  

Excited  charm  state  reconstruc<on  

DJ  

DsJ  

D*+π-­‐  

D+π-­‐  

D0π+  

D*+KS0  D+KS0  D0K+  

D+➝K-­‐π+π+  D*+➝D0π+  

D0➝K-­‐π+  KS0➝π+π-­‐  

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12  

D0π+,  D+π-­‐  and  D*+π-­‐  Spectra  

D0π+  

D*+π-­‐  

D+π-­‐  

D2*(2460)0   D2

*(2460)+  

D1*(2420)0   D2

*(2460)0  

Feed-­‐down  from  D1

*(2420)0,  D2

*(2460)0  Feed-­‐down  from  D1

*(2420)+,  D2

*(2460)+  

•  Regions  of  the  new  states  reported  by  BABAR  [Phys.  Rev.  D82,111101(2010)]:  –  D(2550)0,  D*(2600)0,  

D*(2750)0,  D*(2760)0  

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13  

D0K+,  D+Ks0  and  D*+Ks0  Spectra  

D*+Ks0  

D+Ks0  

D0K+  

Ds2*(2573)+  Ds1

*(2536)+  

Ds2*(2573)+  

Feed-­‐down  from  Ds1

*(2536)+  Feed-­‐down  from  Ds1

*(2536)+  

•  Regions  of  the  new  states  reported  by  BaBar  [Phys.  Rev.  D80,092003(2009)]:  –  Ds1

*(2710)+,  Dsj*(2860)+  ,  

Dsj*(3040)+  

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•  Possible  sources  of  double  charm  in  hadron  collisions  (apart  from  cc  produc<on):  – High  order  charm  produc<on  from  gluons:    

•  gg➝J/ψ  J/ψ,  gg➝  J/ψcc,  gg➝cccc.  •  Could  enhance  prompt  J/ψ  produc<on  (sensi<vity  to  Color  Octet  LDME)  

•  Computed  at  NNLO*  (eg  J.-­‐P.  Lansberg.  [Eur.Phys.J.  C61  693  (2009)])  

–  Intrinsic  charm  content  of  the  proton.  – Double  parton  scauering:  2  hard  processes  in  a  single  pp  collision.  

14  

Double  charm  produc<on  

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•  J/ψ pairs  observed  first  in  pN  interac<ons  by  NA3  (150  and  280  GeV)  [Phys.  Leu.  B  114,  457  (1982),  Phys.  Leu.  B  158,  85  (1985)]  

•  At  LHCb,  measurement  of  the  J/ψ  J/ψ  produc<on  cross-­‐sec<on  at  7  TeV,  in  the  forward  region:  2<y<4.5  and  pT<10  GeV/c  for  both  J/ψ:  –   37.5  pb-­‐1  [Phys.  Leu.  B  707  (2012)  52]  

15  

Double  charmonium  produc<on  

NA3  NA3  

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•  Standard  simple  selec<on  of  single  J/ψ  candidates  in  the  µ+µ-­‐  decay  mode.  

•  Background  from  2  J/ψ  produced  in  different  pile-­‐up  collisions  or  in  the  decay  of  a  B  hadron  removed  requiring  the  2  J/ψ  come  from  a  common  vertex.    

16  

Double  charmonium  produc<on  

•  Raw  signal  distribu<on:  number  of  first  J/ψ  candidates  (from  a  mass  fit)  in  bins  of  the  invariant  mass  of  the  second  candidate.  

•  Fit  with  a  double  Crystal  Ball  func<on  for  the  signal  and  an  exponen<al  for  the  background  gives  NJ/ψJ/ψ  =  141  ±  19.  

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•  Absolute  cross-­‐sec<on  is  obtained  from  the  knowledge  of  the  total  efficiency  (reconstruc<on,  selec<on,  trigger)  

•  Each  event  is  corrected  for  its  efficiency  and  the  number  of  signal  events  axer  correc<on  is  obtained  from  a  fit  to  the  corrected  mass  distribu<on:  –  NJ/ψJ/ψ  =  672  ±  129  

17  

Double  J/ψ  cross-­‐sec<on  

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•  Integrated  cross-­‐sec<on:  

•  Ra<o  to  prompt  (single)  J/ψ  cross-­‐sec<on:  

•  Theore<cal  expecta<ons  in  LHCb  acceptance:  –  LO  CSM  with  Single  Parton  Scauering  (including  feeddown  from  ψ(2S)):  4.1  ±  1.2  nb.  [A.  V.  Berezhnoy  et  al.,  Phys.  Rev.  D84  (2011)  094023]  

–  Contribu<on  from  Double  Parton  Scauering:  2  ±  1  nb.                [A.  Novoselov,  arXiv:1106.2184]  

18  

Double  J/ψ  cross-­‐sec<on  results  

σ J /ψJ /ψ =NJ /ψJ /ψ

corr

LB2 (J /ψ→ µ+µ− )= 5.1±1.0±1.1nb

σ J /ψJ /ψ

σ J /ψ

= 5.1±1.0± 0.6−1.0+1.2( )×10−4

Phys.  Leu.  B  707  (2012)  52  

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•  Cross-­‐sec<on  as  a  func<on  of  M(J/ψ J/ψ)  

19  

Double  J/ψ  invariant  mass  

•  Yellow  area:  theore<cal  expecta<ons  from  LO  CSM  [A.  V.  Berezhnoy  et  al.,  Phys.  Rev.  D84  (2011)  094023]  

•  More  sta<s<cs  needed  to  study  possibility  of  charm  tetraquarks  (low  mass)  or  decays  of  χb➝J/ψ J/ψ  (~9  GeV/c2)  

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•  C  =  D0  (➝K-­‐π+),  D+(➝K-­‐π+π+),  Ds+(➝φπ+)  and  Λc

+(➝pKπ)  •  With  355  pb-­‐1  of  LHCb  data  (~30%  of  the  2011  data  

sample),  study,    –  J/ψ  C  (or  J/ψ  C)  –  C  C  (or  C  C)  –  C  C:  dominated  by  «  normal  »  gg➝cc,  but  interes<ng  probe  of  the  underlying  produc<on  mechanisms  through  correla<ons,  ….  

•  In  the  range:  •  2  <  yC,J/ψ <  4,  •  3  <  pT,C  <  12  GeV/c,  •  pT,J/ψ <  12  GeV/c.    

–  [arXiv:1205.0975,  LHCb-­‐PAPER-­‐2012-­‐003]  20  

Double  charm  produc<on  –  open  charm  

cc  cc  

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21  

Single  hadron  selec<on  

•  Large  and  clean  signal  samples:  

J/ψ

D0

Ds+

D+

Λc+

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•  Combine  hadron,  with  vertex  requirement  to  remove  contamina<on  from  pile-­‐up  and  B  hadron  decays.  

•  Charge  conjugate  modes  included  in  the  plots  

22  

Double  charm  signals  –  J/ψ  +  C  

•  Number  of  signal  candidates  from  a  bidimensional  mass  fit  

J/ψ D0 J/ψ D+

J/ψ Ds+

J/ψ Λc+

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23  

Double  charm  signals  –  C  +  C  D0  D0 D0  D+

D0  Ds+ D0  Λc

+

D0  D0 D0  D+

D0  Ds+ D0  Λc

+

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•  Per-­‐event  efficiency  correc<ons  (es<mated  from  data  directly  when  possible)  applied  to  compute  absolute  produc<on  cross-­‐sec<ons.  

24  

Double  charm  cross-­‐sec<ons  

Compared  with  gg  ➝J/ψ  c  c  computa<ons:      A.  V.  Berezhnoy  et  al.,  Phys.  Rev.  D57  (1998)  4385      J.-­‐P.  Lansberg,  Eur.  Phys.  J  C61  (2009)  693  

LHCb-­‐PAPER-­‐2012-­‐003  

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25  

Double  charm  proper<es  

•  Angular  correla<ons  in  J/ψ  C  and  C  C  events:  no  evidence  for  correla<ons  

•  For  C  C,  enhancement  at  small  Δφ,  consistent  with  cc  produc<on  via  the  gluon  spli{ng  process.  

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•  At  hadron  colliders  two  sources:  –  Prompt  produc<on,  domina<ng,    –  Feed-­‐down  from  B  decays,  with  lower  rate,  but  with  interes<ng  proper<es.  

•  First  data  used  to  measure    –  Inclusive  produc<on:  

•  LHCb,  34.7  pb-­‐1,  arXiv:1112.5310,  LHCb-­‐PAPER-­‐2011-­‐034  •  CMS,  40  pb-­‐1,  CMS  PAS  BPH-­‐10-­‐018  

– Mass:  •  LHCb,  34.7  pb-­‐1,  arXiv:1112.5310,  LHCb-­‐PAPER-­‐2011-­‐034  

26  

X(3872)  produc<on  

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•  Reconstructed  in  the  decay  mode  X(3872)  ➝J/ψπ+π-­‐, J/ψ➝µ+µ-­‐  

•  In  two  complementary  regions:  –  CMS:  pT  >  8  GeV/c  and  |y|  <  2.2  –  LHCb:  5  <  pT  <  20  GeV/c  and  2.5  <  y  <  4.5.  

27  

X(3872)  produc<on  

565  ±  62  signal  candidates  

σ x  BR  ~  5.1  nb  

Using  CMS  ψ(2S)  cross-­‐sec<on    [JHEP02  (2012)  011]  

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•  Important  quan<ty  to  understand  the  nature  of  this  par<cle  (conven<onal  charmonium,  molecule,  tetraquark):  comparison  with  DD*  threshold.  

28  

X(3872)  mass  

•  Systema<c  uncertain<es  dominated  by  knowledge  of  the  momentum  scale  and  of  the  energy  loss  in  the  detector  material.  

•  To  compare  with    –  M(D0)+M(D*+)=3871.79±0.29  MeV/c2.  

]2X(3872) mass [MeV/c3867 3868 3869 3870 3871 3872 3873 3874

CDF

+BaBar B0BaBar B

D0

Belle (arXiv:1107.0163)

LHCb (arXiv:1112.5310)

0.18±New average 3871.66

)*)+M(D0M(D

]2X(3872) mass [MeV/c3867 3868 3869 3870 3871 3872 3873 3874

LHCb-­‐PAPER-­‐2011-­‐034  

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•  Early  data  of  the  LHC  allowed  to  measure  produc<on  cross-­‐sec<ons  of:  –  Open  charm:  large  cross-­‐sec<ons  –  X(3872)  

•  Large  data  samples  to  study  in  details  produc<on  proper<es:  –  Excited  states,    –  Angular  correla<ons.  

•  Observa<on  (first  observa<ons  for  some  of  them)  of  double  charm  produc<on,  with  large  cross-­‐sec<ons:  interes<ng  window  to  study  and  understand  charm  and  charmonium  produc<on  mechanisms.  

•  Only  part  of  the  samples  analyzed,  other  analyses  will  appear  soon.  •  LHC  is  delivering  8  TeV  collisions  this  year:  produc<on  measurements  to  

be  repeated  at  this  higher  energy.  

29  

Conclusions