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LAUREA MAGISTRALE IN ARCHEOLOGIA
PREISTORIA E PROITOSTORIA
LEZIONE 4
17 OTTOBRE 2012
LA DIVISIONE DEL
LAVORO COME PRELUDIO
DEL POTERE
La Piramide come Archetipo del Potere
Standard Complexity Growth Curve\
INNOVATION & SUBSIDY
GROWTH & EXPANSION
M. Zvelebil’s Lag-Log S-Curve
DIVISIONS OF LABOR IN PREHISTORIC SOCIETIES
GENDER and AGE
HOUSEHOLD TEAMS LONG-RANGE TEAMS
SEASONS
WINTER SUMMER
TRANSITIONS
W S S W
NOTE: Transitions indicate the periods when the group
moves between Winter and Summer quarters and
back. By camping in strategic locations many
collateral resources could be exploited during
the journey from decentralized ecological niches,
along different optional pathways. Target-oriented
survey works have made possible to detect these
smaller campsites in different parts of the world.
SMALL
HUNTING
& FISHING
COLLECTING
PLANTS
FUEL
SMALLER ANIMALS
HONEY
STOCKING
BIRDS
MOLLUSCSREPTILES
INSECTS
CRUSTACEANS
TRAPPING
KEEPING
OF ANIMALS
&CUBS
TRANSFORMATIONS
& FOOD PROCESSING
BIG
HUNTING
BIG
FISHING
COLLECTING
OF DISTANT
RESOURCES
EXCHANGE
& TRADING
PROTECTION
& SCOUTING
CAPTURE
OF ANIMALS
& CUBS
NOTE: Household Teams exploit the surroundings
of residential sites, moving in radical directions with
Daylight trips to collect a broad spectrum of resources to
meet standard food and fuel requirements. Within the site
they work continuously looking after all material needs of the
group,including the keeping of stocks and reserves.
NOTE: Long Range Teams exploit different environmental niches in
local and distant territories, including food resources from big game as
well as materials required for the making of tools, ornaments, rituals and
processing of foods (e.g. salt). Higher mobility implies their primary
involvement in scouting, exchanges and transport. Since their work is
far more discontinuous than the Household Teams, LRT have longer idle
periods in between that can be invested in political negotiations, ideological
elaborations ritual performances, and eventually new manufacturing activities.
PARTE TERZA
LO SVILUPPO SOCIOECONOMICO
SECONDO LE TIPOLOGIE
INSEDIAMENTALI IN BASE ALLE
TESTIMONIANZE ARCHEOLOGICHE
DEL MEDIO ORIENTE
MAIN
CENTRES OF
MIDDLE ASIA
IN THE
BRONZE
AGE
TEHERAN 1987
CASPIAN SEA
CENTRI DI ORIGINE DELL’AGRICOLTURA E DELL’ALLEVAMENTO
? Incertezza
sull’origine delle
specie
JARMO, Iraq
1953-58
JERICHO
7500 BC
CATAL HUYUK
6500-6000 BC
STORED DATA
Mesopotamia, Uruk tablets
mid-IV millennium BC
Egypt, Nubian pre-dinastic Signs
(early III millennium BC)
China, potmarks
(V millennium BC)
China, inscribed
tortoise shell
(late II millennium BC)
EARLIEST
NUMERICAL
TABLETS
4x10 = 40+4x1= 44
LAUREA MAGISTRALE IN ARCHEOLOGIA
PREISTORIA E PROITOSTORIA
LEZIONE 4
17 OTTOBRE 2012
AREE DI ATTIVITA’
E
CATENE OPERATIVE
MAIN
CENTRES OF
MIDDLE ASIA
IN THE
BRONZE
AGE
IL BACINO DELTIZIO
DELL’HILMAND
CARTA GEOLOGICA
IL BACINO DELTIZIO DELL’HILMAND DAL SATELLITE ERTS-1
EXPANSION & COLLAPSE OF MAIN PROTOURBAN CENTRES IN MIDDLE ASIA
(c. 3500-2000 BCE)
ROMAN-BYZANTINE EMPIRE OTTOMAN EMPIRE
AIAAINDICATORI DI ATTIVITA’
AMMINISTRATIVAA
New manufacturing sites
recently found
at Shahdad
We all know about the carved chlorite
vessels…
One of these
unnamed stones
is a peculiar gray
fossiliferous
limestone with
dense clusters of
white dot-like
inclusions, so far
not properly
identified in
geological terms