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Level 2 Biology, 201991156 Demonstrate understanding of life processes

at the cellular level

9.30 a.m. Tuesday 19 November 2019 Credits: Four

Achievement Achievement with Merit Achievement with ExcellenceDemonstrate understanding of life processes at the cellular level.

Demonstrate in-depth understanding of life processes at the cellular level.

Demonstrate comprehensive understanding of life processes at the cellular level.

Check that the National Student Number (NSN) on your admission slip is the same as the number at the top of this page.

You should attempt ALL the questions in this booklet.

If you need more space for any answer, use the page(s) provided at the back of this booklet and clearly number the question.

Check that this booklet has pages 2 – 12 in the correct order and that none of these pages is blank.

YOU MUST HAND THIS BOOKLET TO THE SUPERVISOR AT THE END OF THE EXAMINATION.

QUESTION ONE: PHOTOSYNTHESIS

www.tigtagworld.co.uk/film/parts-of-a-plant-PRM00096/

(a) Completethephotosynthesiswordequationbelow:

carbon dioxide + water light +

(b) DescribehowANDwherewaterandcarbondioxideentertheplant.

Water:

Carbondioxide:

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(c) Photosynthesisconsistsoftwophases:thelight-dependentphase,andthelight-independentphase.

DiscussthefactorsthataffecteachphaseANDwhybothphasesarerequiredtoformtheglucosemolecule.

Inyouranswerinclude:

• anexplanationofthelight-dependentphase,includingwhereitoccursinthecell

• anexplanationofthelight-independentphase,includingwhereitoccursinthecell

• adiscussionofthefactorsthataffecteachphase.

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QUESTION TWO: CELLULAR RESPIRATION

(a) DescribewhereanaerobicANDaerobicrespirationoccurinacell.

(b) Anaerobicandaerobiccellrespirationarecarriedoutbyallrunners.

Lactic acid performance curve

2.00

5

10

15

20

25

2.5 3.0 3.5

Running speed, m s–1

sprintermarathoner

Lact

ic a

cid

conc

entra

tion,

mol

L–1

4.0 4.5 5.0

Adaptedfromhttp://www.lactate.com/pitesbas.html

Analysethegraphaboveanddiscusswhydifferenttypesofrunningproducedifferentconcentrationsoflacticacid.

Inyouranswerinclude:

• anexplanationofanaerobicANDaerobicrespiration

• adiscussionoftheadvantagesANDdisadvantagesofanaerobicandaerobicrespiration

• adiscussionofwhysprintersandmarathonrunnersproducedifferentconcentrationsoflacticacid.Usethegraphabovetosupportyourdiscussion.

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QUESTION THREE: MOVEMENT OF MATERIALS AND ENZYME FUNCTION

Source:http://mis.wlgsh.tp.edu.tw/bio/?p=117

(a) ExplainhowmaterialscrosscellmembranesbydiffusionANDfacilitateddiffusion.

You may draw diagrams to support your answer.

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(b) Somespecificenzymesmovemagnesiumions(Mg2+)acrossthecellmembrane.Mg2+ionsaretransportedusingactivetransport.

Describeanenzyme’sstructureandpurpose,ANDexplaintheprocessofactivetransport.

Question Three continues on the following page.

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(c) Onceinsidethecell,themagnesiumion(Mg2+)isusedasaco-factorbytheotherenzymesinvolvedinDNAreplication.

DiscusstheconsequencestothecelliftheenzymesinvolvedinDNAreplicationbecomedenatured.

Inyouranswerinclude:

• adescriptionofwhatismeantbydenature

• anexplanationofwhysomeenzymesrequireaco-factor

• adiscussionofhowenzymesbecomedenaturedANDtheconsequencestothecellifthisoccurs.

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QUESTION NUMBER

Extra space if required.Write the question number(s) if applicable.

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QUESTION NUMBER

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QUESTION NUMBER

Extra space if required.Write the question number(s) if applicable.