LESSONS LEARNT FROM URBAN REVITALIZATION MUSEUM PROJECTS August 13 | International Committee for the Collections and Activities of Museums of Cities (CAMOC)
LESSONS LEARNT FROM URBAN REVITALIZATION MUSEUM PROJECTS
August 13 | International Committee for the Collections and Activities of Museums of Cities (CAMOC)
“The 21st c. will not be dominated by America or China, Brazil or India, but by the City”.
Dr. Parag Khanna, Foreign Policy Magazine
2 | CAMOC Session
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SLIDE 2 We live in a time of change. The city is increasingly becoming the economic, social and cultural epicentre of our civilization. It’s not about countries any more as much as it is about cities. Dr. Parag Khanna (born 1977 in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India) is an Indian American author and international relations expert. This quote is from an article he wrote in Foreign Policy Magazine called “Beyond City Limits”, in which he discusses that the age of nations is over, the new urban age has begun. He is the author of How to Run the World: Charting the Course to the Next Renaissance (2011), and The Second World: Empires and Influence in the New Global Order (2008), both published by Random House. He has worked as an analyst for the Council on Foreign Relations, the World Economic Forum and the Brookings Institution. In 2007, he was a geopolitical advisor to the United States Special Operations Forces in Iraq and Afghanistan.[1] More recently, Khanna has provided expert advice and opinion to the Presidential campaign of Barack Obama,[2] and is a member of the Board of Independent Diplomat.
URBAN POPULATION IS GROWING AT A PACE OF 10 RIO´S ANNUALLY
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SLIDE 3 For the first time in history more than half of the world´s population lives in cities And this is only the beginning. Urban population is growing at a pace of 10 rios annually! World population: 7.1 billion The global urban population is growing by 65 million annually, equivalent to adding seven new Chicagos a year. For the first time in history, more than half of the world’s population is now living in towns and cities, which generate more than 80 percent of global GDP today. Underpinning this transformation are the economies of scale that make concentrated urban centers more productive. Source: MGI Urban Word report 2011 Picture: Shibuya, Tokyo. http://www.absolutjapon.com/un-paseo-por-shibuya/
URBAN POWER IS SHIFTING EAST
www.visualphotos.com
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SLIDE 4 Another force of change is that urban power is shifting east and south pulled by emerging actors in Asia and South America. By urban Power I mean a combination of several factors such as population, economy and cultural influence.
Source: McKinsey Global Institute. Analysis using data from Angus Maddison; University of Groningen
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SLIDE 5 This diagram developed by McKinsey shows how the balance is going back to where it was a thousand years ago, only at a much faster pace In short: The global map is changing and the city as we understood it is changing.
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SLIDE 6 In the face of all these changes the question for me is: What kind of cities do we want? And how can museums play a key role in making cities better - more livable, more sustainable, with a preserved identity?
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SLIDE 7 I am going to share 3 projects of urban regeneration from which I think valuable lessons can be drawn to answer some of these questions
SLIDE 8 The first example is the King Abdulaziz Center for World Culture in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. This is a perfect example of a museum that is trying to channel the enormous transformation that the middle eastern region has experienced over the last 60 years.
From The Energy Within, a Saudi Aramco publication
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SLIDE 9 This is how the city looked like before the discovery of oil not so long ago - you can imagine the pace of change in which these people are living. So there are two things that the KAC tries to accomplish.
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SLIDE 10 The first is to transform an oil based economy into a knowledge economy that will be sustainable in the long term. For this, they are engaging the young population in highly innovative programs in which art and science come together.
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SLIDE 10 The second is to empower women and youth. Through LLL programs, the KAC intends to empower all its citizens .
2. CHICAGO CULTURAL PLAN
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SLIDE 12 The second example is the cultural plan for Chicago, in which we were involved in 2012. This is the strategic plan that will guide the city’s cultural development over the next decade.
FROM CULTURAL PLANNING TO PLANNING CULTURALLY
13 | CAMOC Session
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SLIDE 13 What is unusual about this plan is that it put culture at the core of city wide planning - the city understood through the prism of culture. So it was not an exercise of cultural planning but planning culturally. Two valuable lessons.
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SLIDE 14 The best way to make a plan like this successful is to approach culture at the neighbourhood level, rethink culture in every neighborhood. Chicago is a city of neighbourhoods - 77 distinct neighborhoods - with many different communities.
15 | CAMOC Session
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SLIDE 15 And the second lesson is that: Any transformation process has to start from within the citizens. More than 8000 thousand people were consulted to rethink the city together and really take ownership.
3. CIDADE DA CULTURAGALICIA
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SLIDE 16 The last example is the City of Culture in Galicia, Spain. This is an ambitious urban regeneration project that tried to replicate the effect of the Guggenheim Bilbao and that has not had the expected results. What I want to draw the attention to here, is that grand architectural projects as a model to follow for cultural regeneration of cities does not always work. Or it only works if certain conditions are met.
vunzooke.com
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SLIDE 17 The architectural project is great, you can see here how the layout is based on the streets of the old city of Santiago in a sort of dialogue between tradition and modernity in the city.
18 | CAMOC Session
www.skyscrapercity.com
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SLIDE 18 Each of the thousand windows has its own shape.
m.forocoches.com
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SLIDE 19 What is the result? A project that should have cost 100m Euros ended up costing 400m Euros and has left the city in debt. And out of the 6 buildings originally planned 2 will be left unfinished.
sleepycrat.com
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SLIDE 20 To wrap up and thinking of the case of Rio I would like to leave you with 2 final thoughts: Museums have the capacity to transform society. The more involved a community is in the planning and daily activities of the museum the better.
MUITO OBRIGADO.Contact details:Javier JimenezSenior ConsultantEmail: [email protected]
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SLIDE 21 Muito obrigado. You can reach me at this email address: [email protected]
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