Lesson Notes Hw

8/8/2019 Lesson Notes Hw

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LESSON NOTES

TEACHERACTIVITIES

CONTENTS

AUDIO-VISUAL/

TEACHINGAIDS

Introduction/

explanation

(1 minutes)

Explanation

Definition

(1 minutes)

Assalammualaikum, good morning and Salam

1Malaysia. I'm Norlida Bt Mohd Nor from

semester 4 want to teach hand hygiene topic.

Students,

Disease-causing microorganisms can

frequently be isolated from the hands. Hand

carriage of bacteria is an important route of

transmission of infection between patients or

from the health care worker to the patient.

Appropriate hand washing results in a reduced

incidence of both nosocomial and community

infections. Guidelines from national and

international infection prevention and control

organizations have repeatedly acknowledged

that hand washing is the single most important

procedure for preventing infections. Despite

this, health care providers¶ compliance with

hand washing is poor .

What is Hand Hygiene?

Hand hygiene is a general term referring to any

action of hand cleaning. Hand hygiene relates

to the removal of visible soil and removal or

killing of transient microorganisms from the

hands while maintaining good skin integrity.

Hand hygiene includes surgical hand

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Explanation

(1 minutes)

Explanation

(1 minutes)

antisepsis.

Types Of Hand Hygiene

1. Hand hygiene

Performing hand washing, antiseptic hand

wash, alcohol-based hand rub, surgical hand

hygiene/ antisepsis.

2. Hand washing

Washing hands with plain soap and water

3. Antiseptic hand wash

Washing hands with water and soap or other

detergents containing an antiseptic agent.

4. Alcohol-based hand rub

Rubbing hands with an alcohol-containing

preparation.

5. Surgical hand hygiene/antisepsis

Hand washing or using an alcohol-based hand

rub before operations by surgical personnel.

Histor y Hand Hygiene

Proper hand washing has been proven the best

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Explanation

Explanation

(1 minutes)

way to prevent infection for many years.

According to the Center for Disease Control

(CDC), article ³W ash Your Hands,´ Dr . Ignaz

Semmelweis (1800s) noticed that death rates in

a hospital¶s maternity clinic staffed by student

physicians were five times higher than death

rates at another clinic not attended by the

student physicians. The student physicians

were working on corpses in an anatomy class

immediately before beginning rounds in the

maternity clinic. After Dr . Semmelweis insisted

that the student physicians wash their hands

before treating the maternity patients, the death

rate decreased fivefold.

Microbial Inhabitant Of Hands

Human skin is colonized with bacteria and the

total bacteria count on the hands of healthcare

workers (HKWs). Those bacteria can be

categorize into two groups:

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Explanation

Explanation

(1 minutes)

1. Transient flora

Colonized the superficial layer of the skin, are

more amenable to remove by routine hand

washing.

They are often acquired during directcontact with patients of contaminated

environmental surfaces of objects (fomites)

within close proximity of the patient.

(E. coli, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa)

2. Resident flora

Attached to the deeper layers of skin and are

more resistant to removal by hand washing.

Less likely to be associated with Healthcare

Associated Infections (HAIS).

(Coagulase negative staph, Corynebacterium )

Why Is Hand Hygiene Important?

1. To remove dirt, debris and reduce

microorganisms from hands.

2. To reduce cross contamination or

infections.

3. To break the chain of infection from

patients, from patient to Health Care

Workers (HCWs) and viceversa.

4. Image of cleanliness, credibility of Health

Care Workers (HCWs).

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Explanation

Explanation

The golden rules f or hand hygiene

Hand hygiene must be performed exactly

where you are delivering health care to

patients.

During health-care delivery, there are 5

moments when it is essential that you

perform hand hygiene

To clean your hands, you should prefer

handrubbing with an alcohol-based

formulation, if available. Why? Because it

is possible right at the point of care, it is

faster, and it is more effective, and better

tolerated. You should wash your hands

with soap and water only when visibly

soiled.

You must perform hand hygiene using the

appropriate technique and time duration.

Factor s For Poor Adher ence With Hand

Hygiene

Hand washing agents cause irritation and

dryness.

Sinks are inconveniently located/lack of sinks.

Lack of soap and paper towels.

Too busy/insufficient time.

Understaffing/overcrowding .

Patient needs take priority.

Low risk of acquiring infection from patient

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TEACHERACTIVITIES

CONTENTS

AUDIO-VISUAL/

TEACHINGAIDS

Illustration and

explanation

(2 minutes)

STEP-STEP 5 MOMENTS FOR HAND

HYGIENE

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TEACHERACTIVITIES

CONTENTS

AUDIO-VISUAL/

TEACHINGAIDS

Illustration and

explanation

Illustration and

explanation

To protect the patient againstharmful germs carried on your hands!

Example: Taking pulse, blood pressure, chest

auscultation, abdominal palpation.

To protect the patient against harmful germs,

including the patient¶s own, entering his/her

body!

Example: Skin lesion care, wound dressing,

subcutaneous injection preparation of

food, medication, dressing sets.

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TEACHERACTIVITIES

CONTENTS

AUDIO-VISUAL/

TEACHING

AIDS

Illustration and

explanation

Illustration and

explanation

To protect yourself and the

health-care environment from harmful germs!

Example: After glove removal, handling waste

(bandages) cleaning of contaminated and visibly

soiled material (medical instruments) .



Example: taking pulse, blood pressure and

helping a patient to move around.

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TEACHER

ACTIVITIESCONTENTS

AUDIO-VISUAL/

TEACHINGAIDS

Illustration and

explanation

Explanation

(



Example : Changing bed linen, perfusion speed

adjustment, monitoring alarm, holding a bed rail

and clearing the bedside table.

Using an Alcohol-Based Hand Rub Takes

Less Time than Hand washing

Time required for ICU nurses to go to a

sink, wash and dry their hands, and

return to patient care activities: average

= 62 seconds

Estimated time required to clean hands

with an alcohol-based hand rub available

at patient¶s bedside: average = 15

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Skill/

demonstration,

explanation and

return

demonstration by

students

3. Palm to palm fingers interlaced

4. Back of fingers to opposing palms withfinger interlocked

Power Point

Slides, handout

and Alcohol

Hand Rub



Skill/

demonstration,

explanation and

return

demonstration by

students

5. Rotational rubbing of right thumb claspedIn left palm and vice versa

6. Rotational rubbing, backwards andforwards with clasped fingers of righthand in left palm and vice versa

7. Rotational rubbing of right wrist and viceversa. Rinse and dry thoroughly

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and Alcohol

Hand Rub



Alcohol Hand Rub Recommended Technique

1. Pouring alcohol rub in the right palm

2. From alcohol rub that is poured upper rightpalm is poured to left palm and Cup your hand and apply product. Clasp your fingersof the other hand and be sure to applyproduct under your nails and cuticles.

3. Rub your hands with your palms together with your fingers interlaced.

4. Rub your fingers with your opposing palms toensure you apply the top of your fingers.



5. Rub your thumbs in a rotation with your palms and vice versa.

6. Rotational rubbing of right wrist and viceversa.

All student can make hand hygiene technique

properly and if incorrect need to do until

succeed. Emphasis on importance of hand

hygiene given to students if they all can perform

correctly and improved hand hygiene can

reduce infection rates, reduce healthcare

acquired infections, reduce LOS, reduce

resources and improve the quality of care.

Failure to perform appropriate hand hygiene is

considered to be the leading cause of HCAI and

spread of multi resistant organisms, and has

been recognized as a significant contributor to

outbreaks.



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Lesson Notes Hw