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Lesson: Acids and Bases
Science Differentiation in action
All acids have a sour taste.
Carbonic acid Citric acid
Science Differentiation in action
Some acids are corrosive.
(H2SO4) (HCl)
What elements are contained in these acids?
Sulfuric acid. Hydrochloric acid.
Science Differentiation in action
Which hazard symbol represents corrosive?
A B C
Science Differentiation in action
How would we test for an acid?
Try some experiments.
Use litmus paper.
What did you find out?
Acids turn blue litmus paper ____red.
Science Differentiation in action
Bases are the opposite of acids.
Toothpaste Soap Cleaning agents
Science Differentiation in action
Strong bases include:
What elements are contained in these bases?
(NaOH) Ca(OH)2
Sodium hydroxide Calcium hydroxide
Science Differentiation in action
Strong bases include:
Sodium hydroxide is also called caustic soda because it is
corrosive.
Calcium hydroxide is also called limewater.
NON-CORROSIVE
Science Differentiation in action
Bases that dissolve in water are called:
So ______ are bases soluble in water.alkalis
Alkalis
Science Differentiation in action
How would we test for a base or an alkali?
Try some experiments.
Use litmus paper.
What did you find out?
Alkali turn red litmus paper ____.blue
Science Differentiation in action
The strength of acids and bases can be measured on a pH scale.
Each colour represents a number on the pH scale.
Strong acid
Weak acid
Weak base
Strong base
1 3 5 7 9 11
12 14
pH 7 is neutral.It is not an acid or a
base.
Science Differentiation in action
Each colour represents a number on the pH scale.
We can measure pH using universal indicator.
Strong acid
Weak acid
Weak base
Strong base
1 3 5 7 9 11
12 14
pH 7 is neutral.It is not an acid or a base.
Science Differentiation in action
Each colour represents a number on the pH scale.
Now, use universal indicator to find the pH of some substances.
Strong acid
Weak acid
Weak base
Strong base
1 3 5 7 9 11
12 14
Science Differentiation in action
1. What acid is found in your stomach?
Review Questions
2. Which pH is neutral?
3. What would you use to measure pH?
1 3 5 7 9 11
12 14
Science Differentiation in action
What happens when you add an acid to a base?
Question to think about!