Administrative and Clinical Health Information Systems

Introduction• Healthcare organizations integrate

a variety of clinical and administrative types of information systems.

• These systems collect, process and distribute patient-centered data to aid in managing and providing care.

• An understanding of how each of these types of systems works within healthcare organizations is fundamental in the study of informatics.

Case Management Information Systems (CMIS)• Case management information

systems (CMIS) identify resources, patterns and variances in care to prevent costly complications related to chronic conditions and enhance the overall outcomes for patients.

• Once a trend is identified case management systems provide decision support promoting preventative care.

Case Management Information Systems (CMIS)• A care plan is a set of care

guidelines that outline the course of treatment and the recommended interventions that should be implemented to achieve optimal results.

• CMIS are especially beneficial for patient populations with a high cost of care and complex health needs such as the elderly or patients with chronic disease conditions.

Case Management Information Systems (CMIS)

• Case management systems assimilate massive amounts of information obtained over a patient’s lifetime by reaching far beyond the walls of the hospital and track care from one medical visit to the next (Simpson & Falk, 1996).

• Information collected by case management systems is processed in a way that helps to reduce risks, ensures quality, and decrease costs.

Communication Systems

• Communication systems promote the interaction between healthcare providers and patients.

• Communication systems have historically been separate from other types of health information systems and from one another.

Communication Systems

• Examples : call light systems wireless phones pagers email, and instant messaging,

• Integrating communication systems with clinical applications provides a real-time approach that will facilitate care among the entire healthcare team, patients and their families.

Communication Systems

Bedside Entertainment Communication System

Core Business Systems

• Core Business Systems enhance administrative tasks within healthcare organizations.

• Core business systems provide the framework for reimbursement, support of best practices, quality control, and resource allocation.

Four common core business systems:

1) admission, discharge and transfer (ADT)

2) financial

3) acuity

4) scheduling systems

Core Business Systems• ADT systems provide the backbone

structure for the other types of clinical and business systems (Hassett & Thede, 2003).

• Financial systems manage the expenses and revenue for providing healthcare.

• Acuity systems monitor the range of patient types within a healthcare organization using specific indicators.

Core Business Systems

• Scheduling systems coordinate staff, services, equipment, and allocation of patient beds.

• Scheduling systems help to track resources within a facility while managing the frequency and distribution of those resources.

Order Entry Systems

• are one of the most important systems in use today.

• These systems automate the way that orders have traditionally been initiated for patients.

• provide major safeguards by ensuring that physician orders are legible and complete thereby providing a level of patient safety that was historically missing with paper-based orders.

Order Entry Systems

Patient Care Support Systems

• Most specialty disciplines within healthcare have an associated patient care information system.

• These patient-centered systems

focus on collecting data and disseminating information related to direct care.

Patient Care Support Systems

Patient Care Support Systems• Clinical Documentation Systems

also known as Clinical Information Systems (CIS) are the most commonly used type of patient care support system within healthcare organizations.

• Clinical information systems are designed to collect patient data in real time.

Patient Care Support Systems• Pharmacy information systems

have also become a mainstream patient care support system.

• These systems typically allow pharmacists to order, manage and dispense medications for a facility.

Pharmacy information systems

Patient Care Support Systems• Laboratory Information Systems

were perhaps some of the first systems ever used in healthcare.

• Laboratory information systems report on blood, body fluid and tissue samples along with biological specimens that are collected at the bedside and received in a central laboratory.

Laboratory Information Systems

Patient Care Support Systems• Radiology Information System (RIS)

are systems schedule, result, and store information as it relates to diagnostic radiology procedures.

• The benefit of RIS and PACS systems is their ability to assist in diagnosing and storing vital patient care support data.

Radiology Information System

Departmental Collaboration and Knowledge/Information Exchange

• The implementation of systems within healthcare is the responsibility of many people and departments.

• Knowledge exchange is the product of collaboration when sharing an understanding of information promotes learning from past experiences to make better decisions in the future.

Departmental Collaboration and Knowledge/Information Exchange

• At an administrative level, collaboration among key stakeholders is critical to the success of any project.

• Collaboration also occurs among the various departments impacted by the system.

• From collaboration comes the exchange of information and ideas through knowledge sharing.

Departmental Collaboration and Knowledge/Information Exchange

• A multidisciplinary approach assures that systems will work in the complex environment of healthcare organizations with diverse and complex patient populations.

Thought Provoking Questions1. What type of technology exists

today that could be converted into new types of information systems to be used in healthcare?

2. How could collaboration and knowledge sharing at a single organization be used to help individuals preparing for information technology at a different facility?

3. Discuss the administrative information systems and their applications.