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7/31/2019 Lesson 7 - Space
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Who: Raphael
What:School of
Athens
When: 1509-1510
Where: Italy
Why: Renaissance
How: Frescoe
DAILY
MASTERPIECE
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Who: Leonardo de Vinci
What:The Last Supper.
When:1495-1498.
Where: Italy
Why: Renaissance
How: Frescoe
DAILY MASTERPIECE
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Who: Leonardo de Vinci
What:The Last Supper.
When:1495-1498.
Where: ItalyWhy: Renaissance
How: Frescoe
DAILY MASTERPIECE
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DAILY
MASTER
PIECEWho: M.C.
Escher
What/Where:San Michele dei
Frisoni, Rome
When:1932
How:
Lithograph
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Elements of Art
Line
Shape
Value
Form
Color
Space
Texture
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Objectives:
1. Tolearn about Space.
2. To learn about Linear
Perspective.3. To create works of art using One
Point Perspective
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SPACESpace is the area around, within, orbetween images or elements.
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Positive space): In awork of art positive shapes
are the solid forms in a
design such as a bowl of
fruit. In a sculpture it is thesolid form of the sculpture.
Negative space): In a workof art it is the space around
the positive shape or the
shape around the bowl of
fruit.
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Space is created by
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Space is created by
overlapping, placement on the picture plane
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Space is created by
overlapping, placement on the picture plane
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Brightly colored objects appear closer than
dull, muted colors. This is because the air
around us is not empty. It is full of
moisture and dust that creates a haze. This
is called atmospheric perspective.
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Atmospheric PerspectiveAtmospheric Perspective: When objectsthat are further away appear less bright and
less detailed.
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Point of View
Point of view is the angle fromwhich the viewer appears to seeinto the artwork.
3 Points of view Birds eye view seen from
above the subject looking downinto the picture plane.
Viewer eye level seen straightahead in front of the viewer. Thisis the most common point ofview.
Worms eye view seen from
below the subject looking up intothe picture plane.
The artist determines the point ofview by manipulating theplacement of the horizon line inthe picture plane.
Birds eye view of London
Viewer eye level
Worms eye view
BirdsEye
Viewers
Eye
Worms
Eye
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Birds Eye View
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Eye Level
J.M.W. Turner, The Battle of Trafalgar. 1824. Oil on canvas.
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Worms Eye View
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The Picture Plane
The Picture Plane is thesurface of a painting ordrawing and consists ofthree parts: Foreground
Middle Ground Background
Grant Wood, Stone City, Iowa. 1930. 30 1/4 X 40 inches Joslyn Art Museum.
Thomas Hart Benton,Embarkation. C. 1942
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Foreground The foreground in the
picture plane is the part
that appears closest to
the viewer, usually thebottom third or half of
the picture plane.
Andrew Wyeth,Marriage. 1993.
Andrew Wyeth,Night Sleeper. 1979.
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Middle Ground
The area in between theforeground and thebackground is calledthe middle ground.
The middle ground isusually in the centerone-third to one-half ofthe picture plane.
The subject is usuallyfound in the middleground.
Diego Rivera,La Era. 1904. Oil on canvas. Diego Rivera Museum, Guanajuato, Mex
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Background
The part of the picture
plane that appears
farthest away from the
viewer is thebackground.
The background is
usually in the top third
to half of the pictureplane.
Henri Matisse,La leon de musique (The MusicLesson). 1917. Oil on canvas. 244.7 x 200.7 cm (96
3/8 x 79 in); Barnes Foundation, Merion, PA
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Perceiving Space in 3d
Your eyes and brain worktogether to see length,
width, and depth so you
perceive the world around
you in 3-D. Each eye sees
an object from a slightly
different angle. To see
this, point to an object.
Close one eye, then the
other. Your finger appearsto have moved.
Wh t Th ??????
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The Color WheelWhat The ??????
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Perspective:
Converging
LinesAs parallel lines move away from
the viewer into the distance, they
appear to come together or converge
on the horizon. This is called linearperspective.
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The Color Wheel
Illusion of space can be achieved through linear perspective:
A system of drawing that uses vanishing points and lines to create
depth, and 3 dimensionality.
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Linear Perspective
The point at which parallel linesconverge on the horizon is calleda vanishing point.
In 1-point perspective, allreceding lines meet at a single
vanishing point. In 2-point perspective, different
sets of parallel lines meet at 2different vanishing points.
Because 2-point perspectivecreates more diagonal lines in apainting, the painting appears tobe more active.
1-Point Perspective
2-Point Perspective
2-Point Perspective
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The Color Wheel
Vanishing Point
Horizon Line
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The Color Wheel
Vanishing Point
Horizon Line
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The Color Wheel
Vanishing
Point
Horizon Line
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Leonardo de Vinci, The Last Supper. 1495-1498. Tempera on gesso, pitch and mastic. 460 880 cm, 181 346 in
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Jan Vermeer, The Music Lesson. c. 1662-65. Oil on canvas. 74.6
x 64.1 cm. Royal Collection, St. James' Palace, London.
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SPACE
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Diminishing Size
Calculation
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Incline work
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Circles
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1. Get a large sheet of paper, and a yard stick or ruler.
2. Establish horizon line.3. Establish vanishing points on the left and right.
4. Begin the streets at the intersection of two roads to
extend them to the vanishing points.
5. Add windows and doors. Signs can also be added, alongwith structural interests like awnings and columns.
6. Complete all structures.
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The Color Wheel
FIN