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8/12/2019 Lesson 4 - Parts of Computer
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INTRODUCTION TO
COMPUTERS
Parts of the Computer System
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Parts of the Computer System1B-
2
Computer systems have four parts
Hardware
Software
Data
User (Peopleware)
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Parts of the Computer System1B-
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1. Hardware
Mechanical devices in the computer
Anything that can be touched
2. Software
Tell the computer what to do
Also called a program
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Parts of the Computer System1B-
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Data
Pieces of information stored in computers
Computer organize and present data
Users (Peopleware)
People operating the computer
Most important part of computer systems
Tell the computer what to do
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Information Processing Cycle1B-
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Steps followed to process data
Input
ProcessingOutput
Storage
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Computer Hardware1B-
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Computer Hardware1B-
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MONITOR
A computer monitor is anelectronic device that showspictures. Monitors often look
similar to televisions. The maindifference between a monitorand a television is thata monitor does not have a
television tuner to changechannels. Monitors often havehigher display resolution thantelevisions.
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Computer Hardware1B-
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KEYBOARD
A computer keyboard is animportant device that allows aperson to enter symbols like
letters and numbers intoa computer. It is the maininput device for mostcomputers. There are different
types of keyboards. The mostpopular type is the QWERTYdesign, which is based ontypewriter keyboards.
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Computer Hardware1B-
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MOUSE
A computer mouse is an inputdevice that is most often used
with a personal computer.Moving a mouse along a flatsurface can move the on-screencursor to different items on the
screen. Items can be moved orselected by pressing the mousebuttons (called clicking).
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Computer Hardware1B-
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PRINTER
A printerisan externalhardwaredevice
responsible for taking computerdata and generating a hardcopyof that data. Printers areone of the most used peripherals
on computers and are commonlyused to print text, images, andphotos.
http://www.computerhope.com/jargon/e/external.htmhttp://www.computerhope.com/jargon/h/hardware.htmhttp://www.computerhope.com/jargon/h/hardcopy.htmhttp://www.computerhope.com/jargon/h/hardcopy.htmhttp://www.computerhope.com/jargon/h/hardcopy.htmhttp://www.computerhope.com/jargon/h/hardcopy.htmhttp://www.computerhope.com/jargon/h/hardware.htmhttp://www.computerhope.com/jargon/e/external.htm8/12/2019 Lesson 4 - Parts of Computer
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Computer Hardware1B-
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COMPUTER CASE
A computer case alsoknown as a "computer
chassis", "tower", "systemunit", "base unit" or simply"case" and sometimesincorrectly referred to as the
"CPU" or "hard drive", is theenclosure that contains mostof the components ofa computer.
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Inside Computer Case1B-
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Computer Hardware1B-
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POWER SUPPLYA power supply unit (PSU)converts mains AC to low-voltage regulated DC power for
the internal components ofa computer. Modern personalcomputers universally use aswitched-mode power supply.Some powersupplies have amanual selector for inputvoltage, while othersautomatically adapt tothe supply voltage.
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Computer Hardware1B-
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VIDEO CARD
The video card is anexpansion card that allows
the computer to sendgraphical information to avideo display device such
as a monitor, TV, orprojector.
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Computer Hardware1B-
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SOUND CARDAn expansion board thatenables a computer tomanipulate and output sounds.Sound cards are necessary for
nearly all CD-ROMs and havebecome commonplace onmodern personal computers.Sound cards enable thecomputer to output sound
through speakers connected tothe board, to record sound inputfrom a microphone connected tothe computer, and manipulatesound stored on a disk.
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Computer Hardware1B-
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LAN CARDA network card (alsocalled a Network Adapteror Network Interface
Card, or NIC for short)acts as the interfacebetween a computer anda network cable. The
purpose of the networkcard is to prepare, send,and control data on thenetwork.
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Computer Hardware1B-
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MOTHERBOARDA motherboard(sometimes alternatively knownas the mainboard,
system board, planarboard or logic board, orcolloquially, a mobo) isthe main printed circuit
board (PCB) found incomputers and otherexpandable systems.
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Computer Hardware (STORAGE DEVICES)1B-
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CPU (brain/brain of computer)Central Processing Unit(CPU) (formerly alsoreferred to as a central
processor unit ) is thehardware withina computer that carriesout the instructions ofa computer program byperforming the basicarithmetical, logical, andinput/output operations ofthe system.
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Computer Hardware (STORAGE DEVICES)1B-
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CD/DVD DRIVE
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Computer Hardware1B-
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MEMORYThe computer memory isa temporary storage area. Itholds the data and
instructions that the CentralProcessing Unit (CPU)needs. Before a program canbe run, the program is
loaded from some storagemedium into the memory.This allows the CPU directaccess to the program.
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Computer Hardware1B-
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RAMRandom Accessmemory (RAM) is aform of computer data
storage. A random-access memory deviceallows data items to beread and written inroughly the same
amount of timeregardless of the orderin which data items areaccessed.
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Computer Hardware1B-
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ROMRead-only memory (ROM)is a type of storagemedium that permanentlystores data on personalcomputers (PCs) and otherelectronic devices. BecauseROM is read-only, itcannot be changed; it ispermanent and non-volatile, meaning it willalso hold its memory evenwhen power is removed.By contrast, randomaccess memory (RAM) isvolatile; it is lost whenpower is removed.
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Computer Hardware1B-
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HARD DISKHard Disk Drive
(HDD) is a datastorage device used
for storing andretrieving digitalinformation usingrapidly rotating disks(platters) coated withmagnetic material. AnHDD retains its dataeven when poweredoff.
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Computer Software1B-
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Essential Computer Hardware1B-
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Input and output devices Allows the user to interact
Input devices accept data
Keyboard, mouse
Output devices deliver data
Monitor, printer, speaker
Some devices are input and output
Touch screens
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Essential Computer Hardware1B-
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Storage devices
Hold data and programs permanently
Different from RAM
External Hard DriveUSB Flash Drive
Uses a magnet to access data
Optical storage
CD and DVD drivesUses a laser to access data
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Software Runs The Machine1B-
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Tells the computer what to do
Reason people purchase computers
Two types
System software Application software
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Software Runs The Machine1B-
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System software Most important software
Operating system
Windows 8
Network operating system (OS)
Windows Server 2003
Utility
Avast Antivirus, Clean Master,
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Software Runs The Machine1B-
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Application software Accomplishes a specific task
Most common type of software
MS Word
MS Excel
MS PowerPoint
Covers most common uses of computers
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Computer data1B-
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Fact with no meaning on its own
Stored using the binary number system
Data can be organized into files
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Computer users1B-
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Role depends on ability Setup the system
Install software
Mange files
Maintain the system
Userless computers Run with no user input
Automated systems
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INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS ,
PETER NORTONMCGRAW-HILL.
WWW.MHHE.COM/PETERNORTON
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