Lesson 2 (Excerpt) Objectives of Teaching 1.To comprehend the whole text 2.To lean and master the vocabulary and expressions 3.To learn to paraphrase

Lesson 2

(Excerpt)

Objectives of TeachingObjectives of Teaching1.1. To comprehend the whole textTo comprehend the whole text

2.2. To lean and master the vocabulary and To lean and master the vocabulary and expressionsexpressions

3.3. To learn to paraphrase the difficult To learn to paraphrase the difficult sentencessentences

4.4. To understand the structure of the textTo understand the structure of the text

5.5. To appreciate the style and rhetoric of To appreciate the style and rhetoric of the passage.the passage.

Important and difficult pointsImportant and difficult points 1.The separation of the anti-Japanese 1.The separation of the anti-Japanese psychology of the Chinese students’ with psychology of the Chinese students’ with the author’s repentance for the A-bomb the author’s repentance for the A-bomb cataclysm. cataclysm.

2. What is a narration?2. What is a narration? 3. The understanding and comprehension 3. The understanding and comprehension

of the contradiction between the of the contradiction between the sorrowful mentality of the author and the sorrowful mentality of the author and the humorous language of the text. humorous language of the text.

4. Some useful expressions such as 4. Some useful expressions such as to be to be preoccupied, to be obliviouspreoccupied, to be oblivious,, and etc. and etc.

Background InformationBackground Information

Japan Japan National Name: Nippon National Name: Nippon Geography: Four main islands: Honshu Geography: Four main islands: Honshu

((本州本州 ), ), Hokkaido (Hokkaido (北海道北海道 ), ), Kyushu (Kyushu (九州九州 ),), and Shikoku (and Shikoku (四国四国 ))

Area: 371,857 sq.km. Area: 371,857 sq.km. Population: 122,700,000 (1988). Population: 122,700,000 (1988). Capital: Tokyo Capital: Tokyo

Background InformationBackground Information Sept.1, 1939 Hitler invaded Poland. Sept.1, 1939 Hitler invaded Poland.

France and Britain declared war on France and Britain declared war on Gr. immediately, officially beginning Gr. immediately, officially beginning World War IIWorld War II

Jun.22, 1941 Gr. invaded USSRJun.22, 1941 Gr. invaded USSR Dec. 7, 1941Dec. 7, 1941 Pearl Harbour Pearl Harbour Sept. 1943Sept. 1943 Italy surrendered Italy surrendered May. 7, 1945May. 7, 1945 Gr. surrendered Gr. surrendered

unconditionallyunconditionally

Background InformationBackground Information Aug. 6, 1945Aug. 6, 1945 the first A-bomb the first A-bomb

exploded in Hiroshimaexploded in Hiroshima Aug. 8, 1945Aug. 8, 1945 USSR declared war USSR declared war

on Japan and occupied Manchuriaon Japan and occupied Manchuria Aug. 9, 1945Aug. 9, 1945 the dropping of the the dropping of the

second A-bomb on Nagasakisecond A-bomb on Nagasaki Aug. 14, 1945Aug. 14, 1945 Japan announced Japan announced

its surrenderits surrender


Atomic Bomb: Atomic Bomb: The explosion produces great amounts The explosion produces great amounts

of heat, a shock wave and intense of heat, a shock wave and intense radiation. The region of the explosion radiation. The region of the explosion becomes radioactively contaminated becomes radioactively contaminated and radioactive products may be and radioactive products may be deposited elsewhere as fallout.deposited elsewhere as fallout.

*image-1* (*image-1* (原子弹爆炸图）原子弹爆炸图）


At 8:15 a.m. on August 6, 1945, At 8:15 a.m. on August 6, 1945, by order of President Truman, the by order of President Truman, the first Atomic bomb, nicknamed first Atomic bomb, nicknamed Little Boy was exploded over a Little Boy was exploded over a point near the centre of Hiroshima, point near the centre of Hiroshima, destroying almost everything with destroying almost everything with a radius of 830-1,450 meters. a radius of 830-1,450 meters.

Background InformationBackground Information The damage beyond this area The damage beyond this area

was considerable, and over was considerable, and over 71,000 people were killed 71,000 people were killed instantly. Many more later died of instantly. Many more later died of injuries and the effects of injuries and the effects of radiation. Casualties numbered radiation. Casualties numbered nearly 130,000.nearly 130,000.


Survivors are still dying of Survivors are still dying of leukaemia, pernicious anaemia leukaemia, pernicious anaemia and other diseases induced by and other diseases induced by radiation. Almost 98% of the radiation. Almost 98% of the buildings were destroyed or buildings were destroyed or severely damaged. severely damaged.


The Japanese dedicated post-war The Japanese dedicated post-war Hiroshima to peace. A destroyed area Hiroshima to peace. A destroyed area named "Peace City" has been set aside named "Peace City" has been set aside as a memorial. A peace Park was built. A as a memorial. A peace Park was built. A special hospital built here treats people special hospital built here treats people suffering from exposure to radiation and suffering from exposure to radiation and conducts research into its effects.conducts research into its effects.

*image-1*(*image-1*(日本广岛原子弹纪念馆）日本广岛原子弹纪念馆）

Questions for the understanding of Questions for the understanding of the textthe text 1. What is the author? What does 1. What is the author? What does

he come to Hiroshima for?he come to Hiroshima for? 2. How did he get to Hiroshima?2. How did he get to Hiroshima? 3. What was weighing heavily on 3. What was weighing heavily on

his mind?his mind? 4. Why did he call his trip to 4. Why did he call his trip to

Hiroshima a far great adventure?Hiroshima a far great adventure?

Questions for the understanding of Questions for the understanding of the textthe text 5. How did the author get to the City 5. How did the author get to the City Hall?Hall?

6. What impression do you have about 6. What impression do you have about ththe cab driver?e cab driver?

7. How did the author describe the city, 7. How did the author describe the city, why?why?

8. Why did the usher heave a long 8. Why did the usher heave a long almost musical sigh? What effect does almost musical sigh? What effect does this have on you?this have on you?

9. What is the general atmosphere of this 9. What is the general atmosphere of this part?part?

Questions for the understanding Questions for the understanding of the textof the text 10. What do you imagine the mayor 10. What do you imagine the mayor looked like?looked like?

11. Why did he again sense the emotion 11. Why did he again sense the emotion that had crushed him at the station?that had crushed him at the station?

12. Why was it difficult for him to ask 12. Why was it difficult for him to ask why they were gathered at that specific why they were gathered at that specific place?place?

13. Why did the Americans and 13. Why did the Americans and Germans seem just as inhibited as he Germans seem just as inhibited as he was?was?

Questions for the understanding Questions for the understanding of the textof the text 14. 14. What do you imagine the faces What do you imagine the faces

looked like each time the name of looked like each time the name of Hiroshima was repeated?Hiroshima was repeated?

15. Why do you think the author 15. Why do you think the author repeatedly reminds us of the serious repeatedly reminds us of the serious appearances and the psychology of appearances and the psychology of the westerners? the westerners?

16. What do you think the author 16. What do you think the author expected the mayor to say?expected the mayor to say?

Writing StyleWriting Style

Narration:Narration: The telling of a story.The telling of a story. A good narration has a A good narration has a

beginning, a middle and an beginning, a middle and an end. end.


In a narrative writing, the actions or the In a narrative writing, the actions or the incidents, events are generally presented incidents, events are generally presented in order of their occurrence, following the in order of their occurrence, following the natural time sequence of the happenings, natural time sequence of the happenings, It is called to be in Chronological order.It is called to be in Chronological order.

But it can also start in the middle or at But it can also start in the middle or at some other point in the action and move some other point in the action and move backward to the earlier happenings. This backward to the earlier happenings. This is called flashback.is called flashback.


There There areare three basic components of a three basic components of a narration:narration:

a. Plot: the frame of the writing, which a. Plot: the frame of the writing, which consists of a series of events. There are consists of a series of events. There are usu. one or several climaxes, the highest usu. one or several climaxes, the highest point of the story, with suspensions, point of the story, with suspensions, conflicts, to arouse the interest of the conflicts, to arouse the interest of the audience. After the climax is reached, audience. After the climax is reached, the story quickly moves to a conclusion.the story quickly moves to a conclusion.

Writing StyleWriting Style b. Characters: the leading b. Characters: the leading

character is called the hero or character is called the hero or protagonist.protagonist.

c. Background: the time and place c. Background: the time and place of the storyof the story

The plot usually dominates The plot usually dominates narration, however, some narration, however, some narratives focus on character or narratives focus on character or theme or atmosphere.theme or atmosphere.

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 1. 1. slip: to move glidingly, slip: to move glidingly,

smoothly, secretly or unnoticed smoothly, secretly or unnoticed 2. lump: a mass of sth. solid 2. lump: a mass of sth. solid

without a special size or shapewithout a special size or shape a lump of lead, sugara lump of lead, sugar Black coffee, 2 lumps, please!Black coffee, 2 lumps, please! a hard swelling on the bodya hard swelling on the body She was afraid when she felt a She was afraid when she felt a

lump in her left breast.lump in her left breast.

to have a lump in one's throat:to have a lump in one's throat: to have a tight feeling in the throat to have a tight feeling in the throat

because strong emotion, such as because strong emotion, such as sorrow, pity, gratitude, or excitement, sorrow, pity, gratitude, or excitement, etc.etc.

All during her husband's funeral, she All during her husband's funeral, she had a lump in her throat.had a lump in her throat.

John's mother had a lump in her John's mother had a lump in her throat at his college graduation.throat at his college graduation.

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text

3.3.on my mind: troubling one's on my mind: troubling one's thoughts, causing anxiety, thoughts, causing anxiety, unhappiness. When you have sth. unhappiness. When you have sth. on your mind, you are completely on your mind, you are completely preoccupied and obsessed. preoccupied and obsessed.

His failure weighs heavily on his His failure weighs heavily on his mind.mind.

He has got too much on his mind to He has got too much on his mind to worry about your problem.worry about your problem.


cf:cf: in one's mind: think about, think in one's mind: think about, think

ofof I think I know what's in your I think I know what's in your

mind.mind. Her Her mothermother was always in her was always in her

mind.mind.


4. the very act of stepping on this 4. the very act of stepping on this soil:soil:

act and action:act and action: ActionAction refers primarily to the proc refers primarily to the proc

ess of acting; ess of acting; actact to the result, the to the result, the things done. things done.

The rescue of a shipwrecked creThe rescue of a shipwrecked crew is a heroic action while the launw is a heroic action while the launching of the lifeboat, a brave act.ching of the lifeboat, a brave act.


on this soil: on this land, on this earth, on this soil: on this land, on this earth, ground (soil: an emotive word)ground (soil: an emotive word)

A person in exile comes back to his A person in exile comes back to his motherland, he kneels down to kiss the motherland, he kneels down to kiss the soil.soil.

Here it suggests the emotion of the Here it suggests the emotion of the author. He thinks his country is author. He thinks his country is responsible for the A-bomb responsible for the A-bomb destruction. He is preoccupied. He has destruction. He is preoccupied. He has the feeling of atoning for the crime.the feeling of atoning for the crime.


5. adventure: a journey that is 5. adventure: a journey that is strange and exciting and often strange and exciting and often dangerous, sth. you do or a dangerous, sth. you do or a situation you become involved in situation you become involved in that is rather unusual, exciting and that is rather unusual, exciting and dangerous. dangerous.

The Adventures of Tom Sawyer The Adventures of Tom Sawyer The Adventures of Huckleberry The Adventures of Huckleberry

FinnFinn



6. reportorial: of / about a 6. reportorial: of / about a reporterreporter

the adj. form of reporterthe adj. form of reporter 7. crime: an offence which 7. crime: an offence which

is punishable by law, an is punishable by law, an immoral actimmoral act

8. appear8. appear Appear, Look, and SeemAppear, Look, and Seem can mean to be as can mean to be as

stated in one's view or judgement, but not stated in one's view or judgement, but not necessarily in fact.necessarily in fact.

SeemSeem suggests an opinion based on suggests an opinion based on subjective impression rather than objective subjective impression rather than objective signs.signs.

He seems tired. He seems tired. My other visits to Beijing were twenty My other visits to Beijing were twenty

years ago. How would it seem after such a years ago. How would it seem after such a long time?long time?


Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text LookLook implies that the opinion is based on implies that the opinion is based on a general visual impression.a general visual impression.

His lips looked unnatural.His lips looked unnatural. He looks nervous.He looks nervous. AppearAppear suggests a suggests a distorted impressiondistorted impression His tongue could make the worse appear His tongue could make the worse appear

the better reason.the better reason. He appeared not to have heard what had He appeared not to have heard what had

been said about him.been said about him.

9. preoccupy: to fill one's mind 9. preoccupy: to fill one's mind completely so that not enough completely so that not enough attention is given to other present attention is given to other present mattersmatters

When he is preoccupied with his When he is preoccupied with his hobby, he has no idea of what is hobby, he has no idea of what is going on around him.going on around him.

I was too preoccupied to hear the I was too preoccupied to hear the bell.bell.

He had a preoccupied look on his He had a preoccupied look on his face, as if sth. was troubling him.face, as if sth. was troubling him.


preoccupation: extreme concern for preoccupation: extreme concern for sth.sth.

Reading is his main preoccupationReading is his main preoccupation It seemed to me that the Japanese It seemed to me that the Japanese

did not have the same extreme did not have the same extreme concern which is bothering me.concern which is bothering me.

I was totally absorbed in the I was totally absorbed in the consideration of the crime, but the consideration of the crime, but the Japanese did not appear to be so. Japanese did not appear to be so.


10. rub shoulders with: to meet and 10. rub shoulders with: to meet and mix with (people)mix with (people)

This is not the sort of club where the This is not the sort of club where the great rub shoulders with the humble.great rub shoulders with the humble.

A person in my position rubs A person in my position rubs shoulders with all kinds of people.shoulders with all kinds of people.

In our class, people of all trades (poIn our class, people of all trades (porter, carpenter, coppersmith, etc.) rurter, carpenter, coppersmith, etc.) rubber shoulders with each other. bber shoulders with each other.


11. oblivious: be unaware of, not 11. oblivious: be unaware of, not noticing, unconscious of, lacking noticing, unconscious of, lacking mindful attentionmindful attention

Their government is oblivious of the Their government is oblivious of the rights of the poor.rights of the poor.

I am oblivious of my former failure.I am oblivious of my former failure. I was so preoccupied with the book I was so preoccupied with the book

that I was oblivious of the that I was oblivious of the surroundings.surroundings.


I was so preoccupied with the I was so preoccupied with the beautiful woman I met on the beautiful woman I met on the bus that I was oblivious of the bus that I was oblivious of the pickpocket beside me / of what pickpocket beside me / of what the conductress was yelling the conductress was yelling when the bus came to a stop.when the bus came to a stop.



12. bob: to move up and down 12. bob: to move up and down quickly and repeatedlyquickly and repeatedly

The cork on the fishing line The cork on the fishing line bobbed up and down on the bobbed up and down on the water.water.

13. rite: a ceremonial act with a fixed 13. rite: a ceremonial act with a fixed pattern, usu. for a religious purpose, pattern, usu. for a religious purpose, form of behaviour with a fixed pattern form of behaviour with a fixed pattern

I don't know much about the rites of I don't know much about the rites of that church.that church.

Secret society has their special rites.Secret society has their special rites. ceremonial / burial / marriage rites ceremonial / burial / marriage rites On Sunday we make our ritual visit to On Sunday we make our ritual visit to

the the pub at lunchtime. (humorous the the pub at lunchtime. (humorous usage)usage)


14. formula: an expression which is 14. formula: an expression which is often used in a particular situation, often used in a particular situation, esp. one that has come to sound esp. one that has come to sound stupid and meaninglessstupid and meaningless

They exchanged the set of They exchanged the set of conventionally fixed pattern of daily conventionally fixed pattern of daily greetings.greetings.


Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 15. facade: front or face of a building 15. facade: front or face of a building

towards a street or open placetowards a street or open place 16. grin: broad smile that shows the 16. grin: broad smile that shows the

teeth. It intends to imply naive teeth. It intends to imply naive cheerfulness.cheerfulness.

17. rear-view mirror: a mirror (as in an 17. rear-view mirror: a mirror (as in an automobile) that gives a view of the automobile) that gives a view of the area behind the vehiclearea behind the vehicle

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 18. martyr: person who is put to 18. martyr: person who is put to

death or caused to suffer for his death or caused to suffer for his beliefs beliefs

a martyr to a cause / love a martyr to a cause / love / / duty duty Eternal life to the revolutionary Eternal life to the revolutionary

martyrs! martyrs! v.: to put to death, cause to v.: to put to death, cause to

suffer, to torture out of crueltysuffer, to torture out of cruelty


19. lurch: to move with irregular 19. lurch: to move with irregular sudden movements, to move sudden movements, to move unsteadily, clumsily, with heavy unsteadily, clumsily, with heavy rolling and swaying back and forthrolling and swaying back and forth

20. in response to: as an answer to20. in response to: as an answer to She opened the door in response to She opened the door in response to

the knock.the knock.


In response to your inquiries, we In response to your inquiries, we regret to inform you that we regret to inform you that we cannot help you in this matter.cannot help you in this matter.

Twice I put the request to him Twice I put the request to him but he said nothing in response.but he said nothing in response.


21. twist: to wind a number of threads, etc. 21. twist: to wind a number of threads, etc. togethertogether

to make a rope by twisting threadsto make a rope by twisting threads to twist the hair to make it curlto twist the hair to make it curl to turn, to change direction abruptlyto turn, to change direction abruptly to twist the cap of a tube of tooth pasteto twist the cap of a tube of tooth paste He twisted my arm.He twisted my arm. Give the handle a twist, that will open the Give the handle a twist, that will open the

box.box.

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 22. screech: to make a sharp, high-22. screech: to make a sharp, high-

pitched noise pitched noise 23. halt: to stop or pause, mainly 23. halt: to stop or pause, mainly

used in the phrase "come to a halt"used in the phrase "come to a halt" 24. ignorance: lack of knowledge24. ignorance: lack of knowledge Please forgive our ignorance.Please forgive our ignorance. Poverty, disease and ignorance Poverty, disease and ignorance

remain major world problems.remain major world problems. We are in complete ignorance of his We are in complete ignorance of his

plan.plan.


ignorant: To be ignorant of ignorant: To be ignorant of sth. is not to know it. sth. is not to know it.

He is quite ignorant of Latin.He is quite ignorant of Latin. She was ignorant of his She was ignorant of his

presence.presence.


cf: disregard, neglect & ignore:cf: disregard, neglect & ignore: disregard: to treat as not worthy of disregard: to treat as not worthy of

noticenotice He disregarded Tom, and spoke He disregarded Tom, and spoke

straight to me.straight to me. We disregarded the gossip and We disregarded the gossip and

rumours.rumours.


neglect: to give no or too little neglect: to give no or too little attention or care toattention or care to

You are neglecting your work / You are neglecting your work / duty.duty.

There is a factor which we There is a factor which we must certainly not neglect.must certainly not neglect.


neglect: fail to do sth. because neglect: fail to do sth. because of carelessnessof carelessness

He neglected to return the He neglected to return the book to the library.book to the library.

Don't neglect to lock (locking) Don't neglect to lock (locking) the door when you leave.the door when you leave.


To ignore sth. is to pretend not to know To ignore sth. is to pretend not to know or see it.or see it.

She saw him coming but ignored him.She saw him coming but ignored him. It is not a question that can be ignored.It is not a question that can be ignored. Of these three words, Of these three words, ignoreignore is the is the

strongest and strongest and neglectneglect is the weakest. is the weakest.

25. intermezzo: 25. intermezzo: short musical composition to be short musical composition to be

played between the acts of a played between the acts of a drama or an opera, or one that drama or an opera, or one that connects the main divisions of a connects the main divisions of a large musical work such as a large musical work such as a symphony. This word is used very symphony. This word is used very lighted-heartedly here.lighted-heartedly here.


26. I found myself in front of the 26. I found myself in front of the gigantic City Hall.gigantic City Hall.

cf: I got to the front of... cf: I got to the front of... The first sentence indicates The first sentence indicates

suddenness, unconsciousness. I suddenness, unconsciousness. I suddenly discovered that I was in suddenly discovered that I was in front of the City Hall.front of the City Hall.



gigantic: gigantic: titanic, massive, huge,titanic, massive, huge, a close a close synonym of giantsynonym of giant

giant: in fairy tales, a very big, strong giant: in fairy tales, a very big, strong creature in the form of a man, but often creature in the form of a man, but often unfriendly to human beings and very cruel unfriendly to human beings and very cruel and stupid.and stupid.

27. usher: official door keeper, a man who 27. usher: official door keeper, a man who shows people to their seats on an important shows people to their seats on an important occasion, (or in a theatre or cinema) occasion, (or in a theatre or cinema)

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 28. heave: to give out (a sad sound), 28. heave: to give out (a sad sound),

esp. in the phrase " to heave a sigh / esp. in the phrase " to heave a sigh / groan“groan“

We all heaved a sigh of relief when We all heaved a sigh of relief when the work was done.the work was done.

sigh: an act of letting out a deep sigh: an act of letting out a deep breath slowly and with a soundbreath slowly and with a sound

She nodded, sighed and went on She nodded, sighed and went on cooking.cooking.

He gave another deep sigh.He gave another deep sigh.

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 29. sketch: to draw roughly and 29. sketch: to draw roughly and

quickly with outlines but little detail quickly with outlines but little detail 30. embankment: a wide wall of 30. embankment: a wide wall of

stones or earth, which is built to stones or earth, which is built to keep a river from overflowing its keep a river from overflowing its banks, or to carry a road or banks, or to carry a road or railway over low groundrailway over low ground

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text cf: bank, shore, beach & coastcf: bank, shore, beach & coast When meaning land bordering a body When meaning land bordering a body

or stream of water, the four words are or stream of water, the four words are comparable. comparable.

ShoreShore is the general word for the land is the general word for the land immediately bordering on the sea, a immediately bordering on the sea, a lake, or a large stream. lake, or a large stream.

CoastCoast denotes the land along the sea denotes the land along the sea regarded especially as a boundary.regarded especially as a boundary.

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text BeachBeach applies to the pebbly or applies to the pebbly or

sandy shore washed by the sea or sandy shore washed by the sea or a lakea lake a rocky shore with here and there a a rocky shore with here and there a

cove with a beachcove with a beach BankBank denotes the steep or sloping denotes the steep or sloping

margin of a streammargin of a stream

Both Both shoreshore and and beachbeach may may denote a resort frequented for denote a resort frequented for pleasure or vacation. In this use pleasure or vacation. In this use shoreshore may specifically indicates may specifically indicates proximity to the sea, and proximity to the sea, and beachbeach a a place adapted to the use of place adapted to the use of swimmers or sunbathers.swimmers or sunbathers.

spend the summer at the spend the summer at the shoreshore spend a part of each day at the spend a part of each day at the

beachbeach


31. barge: a large low boat with a 31. barge: a large low boat with a flat bottom, used mainly for flat bottom, used mainly for carrying heavy goods on a canal carrying heavy goods on a canal or riveror river

32. moor: to fasten (a ship, boat) 32. moor: to fasten (a ship, boat) to land, to the bed of the sea, etc. to land, to the bed of the sea, etc. by means of ropes, chains and an by means of ropes, chains and an anchor, etc.anchor, etc.


Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 33. arresting: striking, attracting and 33. arresting: striking, attracting and

holding attention. This word adds to holding attention. This word adds to striking the suggestion of capturing striking the suggestion of capturing attentionattention

an arresting beauty / storyan arresting beauty / story arrest: to catch and fix (esp. sb.'s arrest: to catch and fix (esp. sb.'s

attention)attention) The bright lights arrest the boy's The bright lights arrest the boy's

attention.attention.

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 34. spectacle: sth. seen, sth. taking 34. spectacle: sth. seen, sth. taking place before the eyes, esp. sth. Fine place before the eyes, esp. sth. Fine and remarkableand remarkable

The big army parade on national The big army parade on national day is a grand spectacle.day is a grand spectacle.

The erupting volcano is a wonderful The erupting volcano is a wonderful spectacle.spectacle.

The opening ceremony of the The opening ceremony of the exhibition was a fine spectacle.exhibition was a fine spectacle.

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 35. adrift: afloat without control, 35. adrift: afloat without control,

driven about by the sea or winddriven about by the sea or wind a-a- has the meaning of "away, from, has the meaning of "away, from,

of, in, on, etc."of, in, on, etc." aboard: on the board, on the boataboard: on the board, on the boat afire: to set sth. on fireafire: to set sth. on fire The house was afire.The house was afire. afloat: on waterafloat: on water afoot: on foot I came afoot.afoot: on foot I came afoot.

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 36. beige: pale yellowish brown36. beige: pale yellowish brown 37. amid: (fml. and lit.) among, in 37. amid: (fml. and lit.) among, in

the middle ofthe middle of 38. incessant: never stopping. 38. incessant: never stopping.

The word implies ceaseless or The word implies ceaseless or uninterrupted activityuninterrupted activity

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 39. stun: to make unconscious 39. stun: to make unconscious

by hitting the headby hitting the head The robbers stunned the guard The robbers stunned the guard

by banging him on the head.by banging him on the head. He was stunned by the news of He was stunned by the news of

his father's death. his father's death. stunning: very attractive, stunning: very attractive,

delightful, beautiful, making you delightful, beautiful, making you become intoxicatedbecome intoxicated

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 40. costume: the clothes worn by 40. costume: the clothes worn by

people at a particular time in history people at a particular time in history or in a particular countryor in a particular country

a museum of costumea museum of costume portraits of people dressed in 17th-portraits of people dressed in 17th-

century costumecentury costume bathing / swimming / riding costumebathing / swimming / riding costume He was in academic costume in this He was in academic costume in this

photo.photo.

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 41. tread: to walk or step, to put the 41. tread: to walk or step, to put the

foot down on (Notice: the mind is fixed foot down on (Notice: the mind is fixed on the feet.)on the feet.)

42. cautious: having or showing great 42. cautious: having or showing great care, as if there might be some care, as if there might be some danger danger

The thief cautiously opened the door.The thief cautiously opened the door. The troops advanced with great The troops advanced with great

caution.caution.


43. twinge: a sudden sharp pain43. twinge: a sudden sharp pain to feel a twinge in the region of to feel a twinge in the region of

heartheart a twinge of toothache / consciencea twinge of toothache / conscience 44. embarrass: to feel ashamed 44. embarrass: to feel ashamed

or socially uncomfortableor socially uncomfortable

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 45. prospect: reasonable hope, 45. prospect: reasonable hope,

sth. which is expected or sth. which is expected or considered probableconsidered probable

She was quite excited by the She was quite excited by the prospect of seeing her net friend prospect of seeing her net friend soon.soon.

The scandal ruined his prospects.The scandal ruined his prospects. I see no prospect of his recovery.I see no prospect of his recovery.

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text cf: cf: expectation: thing that is expected expectation: thing that is expected The boy has great prospects / The boy has great prospects /

expectation.expectation. We came here with the expectation We came here with the expectation

of meeting the mayor, but I see no of meeting the mayor, but I see no prospects of seeing him now since prospects of seeing him now since he is oblivious of us humbles.he is oblivious of us humbles.


46. emotion: any of the strong feelings 46. emotion: any of the strong feelings of the human spiritof the human spirit

Love, hatred, and grief are emotions.Love, hatred, and grief are emotions. His speech has an effect on our His speech has an effect on our

emotions rather than our reason.emotions rather than our reason. I was again overcome by the same I was again overcome by the same

sense of guilty as I had experienced sense of guilty as I had experienced when I first arrived at the station.when I first arrived at the station.

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 47. bombardment: attack, 47. bombardment: attack,

onslaughtonslaught bombard: to attack with artillery, bombard: to attack with artillery,

shells, or bombersshells, or bombers 48. slay (slew, slain): (lit.) to kill or 48. slay (slew, slain): (lit.) to kill or

murder, to kill, esp. violently, to murder, to kill, esp. violently, to put to deathput to death

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text cf: cf: kill: It is so general that it merely kill: It is so general that it merely

states the fact, and doesn't have states the fact, and doesn't have many connotationsmany connotations

to take medicine to kill the painto take medicine to kill the pain What you have said killed my hope.What you have said killed my hope. vegetable killed by the frostvegetable killed by the frost to kill timeto kill time The president killed the project.The president killed the project.

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text slay: v (fml.) kill (esp an enemy) in a slay: v (fml.) kill (esp an enemy) in a

violent way. It implies killing by force violent way. It implies killing by force or wildly, in an uncontrolled way. It or wildly, in an uncontrolled way. It is rarely used in spoken English, but is rarely used in spoken English, but it often occurs in written English to it often occurs in written English to convey a dramatic quality. convey a dramatic quality.

Cain slew his brother AbelCain slew his brother Abel A truck driver was slain by the terrorA truck driver was slain by the terror

ists in Iraq.ists in Iraq.

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text murder:murder: to kill with a motive, a plan in to kill with a motive, a plan in

advanceadvance The bandits murdered the man for his The bandits murdered the man for his

money.money. According to the historians he According to the historians he

murdered his rival in cold blood.murdered his rival in cold blood. assassinate:assassinate: kill (esp an important or fkill (esp an important or f

amous person) for money or for politicamous person) for money or for political reasonsal reasons

a plot to assassinate the president a plot to assassinate the president

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text slaughter: a. kill (an animal), usu slaughter: a. kill (an animal), usu for food b. kill (animals or people) for food b. kill (animals or people) in large numbersin large numbers

butcher: a. kill and prepare butcher: a. kill and prepare (animals) for meat b. (derog.) kill (animals) for meat b. (derog.) kill (people or animals) brutally(people or animals) brutally

execute: kill (sb) as a legal execute: kill (sb) as a legal punishment punishment

He was executed for bank robbery. He was executed for bank robbery.

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text massacre: cruel killing of a large massacre: cruel killing of a large

number (of people or animals)number (of people or animals) suicide: n. killing oneself suicide: n. killing oneself

intentionally intentionally commit suicidecommit suicide

49. linger on: to live on the point of 49. linger on: to live on the point of death for some time, esp. when death for some time, esp. when suffering from a disease, be slow in suffering from a disease, be slow in dyingdying

The pain lingered on for weeks The pain lingered on for weeks (was slow to disappear). (was slow to disappear).

The dying man lingered on.The dying man lingered on. He's no better, but he's lingering He's no better, but he's lingering

on by sheer will power.on by sheer will power.


Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text linger: to wait for a time which is linger: to wait for a time which is

considered too long instead of considered too long instead of going, delay goinggoing, delay going

The newly acquainted young The newly acquainted young couple lingered around the hall couple lingered around the hall long after the concert had ended.long after the concert had ended.

She shouldn't have lingered after She shouldn't have lingered after the others had left---that was fatal.the others had left---that was fatal.

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 50. agony: very great pain, 50. agony: very great pain, intolerable suffering of mind or intolerable suffering of mind or bodybody

He suffered agonies from his He suffered agonies from his broken arm.broken arm.

The country must not again go The country must not again go through the agony of war.through the agony of war.

the agony of defeat and the thrill of the agony of defeat and the thrill of victoryvictory

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 51. inhibit: cause one to 51. inhibit: cause one to

suppress certain thoughts or suppress certain thoughts or desires because of the desires because of the environmental conditionenvironmental condition

His way of teaching is dull, and His way of teaching is dull, and inhibits imagination.inhibits imagination.

This medicine will inhibit the This medicine will inhibit the spread of the disease.spread of the disease.


inhibited: (of people's inhibited: (of people's character) unable to express character) unable to express what one really feelswhat one really feels

They were too inhibited to They were too inhibited to laugh freely.laugh freely.

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 52. 52. agitate: to stir, upset, disturb agitate: to stir, upset, disturb The speech agitated the crowd. The speech agitated the crowd. agitated: emotionally disturbed and agitated: emotionally disturbed and

excitedexcited The audience was agitated. The audience was agitated. agitator: person who stirs up public agitator: person who stirs up public

opinion, esp. on a political matteropinion, esp. on a political matter agitation: painful excitement of the mindagitation: painful excitement of the mind None of them noticed her agitation.None of them noticed her agitation.

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 53. assent: (fml.) agreement, an 53. assent: (fml.) agreement, an

acceptance (of a statement) as acceptance (of a statement) as true, It basically applies to true, It basically applies to opinion or proposal, suggesting opinion or proposal, suggesting understandingunderstanding

The committee assented The committee assented toto our our proposals.proposals.

The teacher answered with a The teacher answered with a brief nod of assent.brief nod of assent.

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 54. sink in: penetrate, be fully absorbed 54. sink in: penetrate, be fully absorbed

or understood,or understood, If the ink sinks in, it'll be hard to remove If the ink sinks in, it'll be hard to remove

the spot from the cloth.the spot from the cloth. When Frank heard that war had started, When Frank heard that war had started,

it didn't sink in for a long time until his it didn't sink in for a long time until his father was drafted into the army.father was drafted into the army.

I think the lesson has sunk in, he won't I think the lesson has sunk in, he won't make the same mistake again.make the same mistake again.

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 55. jolt: to shake or be shocked55. jolt: to shake or be shocked The cart jolted along over the rough The cart jolted along over the rough

road, jolting every bone in his body.road, jolting every bone in his body. With a tremendous jolt the car With a tremendous jolt the car

started.started. The car ran over a hole and The car ran over a hole and

received a jolt.received a jolt. The news was a jolt to me.The news was a jolt to me.

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 56. reverie: dreamy thinking, esp. of 56. reverie: dreamy thinking, esp. of

agreeable things, daydreamingagreeable things, daydreaming

He loved to indulge in reveries He loved to indulge in reveries about his future.about his future.

He was awakened from his He was awakened from his reverie by the teacher's question.reverie by the teacher's question.

She sat at the window, deep in She sat at the window, deep in reverie.reverie.


He was sunk in reverie and did not He was sunk in reverie and did not hear me.hear me.

When one is When one is preoccupiedpreoccupied with sth., with sth., he has he has preoccupationspreoccupations. .

And he is likely to be And he is likely to be obliviousoblivious of of the things around him. He is in the things around him. He is in deep deep reveriereverie..

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 57. heinous: (lit) (of wicked people 57. heinous: (lit) (of wicked people

or acts) very shameful, hatefully or acts) very shameful, hatefully and shockingly evil, abominable, and shockingly evil, abominable, outrageous, so shamelessly bad or outrageous, so shamelessly bad or so conspicuous that it excites so conspicuous that it excites hatred or horrorhatred or horror

The Nanjing massacre was a The Nanjing massacre was a heinous crime committed by the heinous crime committed by the Japanese.Japanese.

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 58. confess: admit58. confess: admit If you confess sth. or confess to If you confess sth. or confess to

sth., you admit that you have done sth., you admit that you have done sth. that you feel ashamed of, or sth. that you feel ashamed of, or embarrassed about.embarrassed about.

confession: a religious service at confession: a religious service at which a person tells his faults to a which a person tells his faults to a priestpriest

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text In usage, In usage, confessconfess and and admitadmit are al are almost the samemost the same

to confess / admit that.to confess / admit that..... to confess / admit one's sins / errorto confess / admit one's sins / error to confess / admit hating sb. to confess / admit hating sb. to admit / confess to stealing to admit / confess to stealing to confess / admit oneself to be to confess / admit oneself to be

beatenbeaten

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 59. cataclysm: a violent and 59. cataclysm: a violent and

sudden change or event, esp. a sudden change or event, esp. a serious flood or earth quake or a serious flood or earth quake or a warwar

60. trace: a visible mark or sign of t60. trace: a visible mark or sign of the former presence of a thing or evhe former presence of a thing or eventent

We saw traces of rabbits and squirrWe saw traces of rabbits and squirrels on the snow. els on the snow.

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 61. preserve: (fml. or lit.) to keep from 61. preserve: (fml. or lit.) to keep from

destruction, to protectdestruction, to protect Policemen preserve order in the Policemen preserve order in the

streets. streets. Old records are preserved by Old records are preserved by

protecting them from light and protecting them from light and moisture.moisture.

Fish are preserved in ice and salt until Fish are preserved in ice and salt until they are sold.they are sold.

No hunting is allowed in the preserve.No hunting is allowed in the preserve.

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 62. erect: (fml.) to build or establish 62. erect: (fml.) to build or establish

(a solid thing which was not there (a solid thing which was not there before)before)

ErectErect basically means to set upright basically means to set upright to erect a flagpoleto erect a flagpole Many factories were erected during Many factories were erected during

that period.that period.

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 63. impact: collision, a striking of one 63. impact: collision, a striking of one

body against another, the force of body against another, the force of impression of one thing on anotherimpression of one thing on another

We see the impact of modern science We see the impact of modern science on our society everywhere.on our society everywhere.

The book made a great impact on its The book made a great impact on its readers.readers.

the concrete embankment built to resist the concrete embankment built to resist the impact of floodsthe impact of floods

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 64. demolish: pull down or tear down, 64. demolish: pull down or tear down, to destroy. When used in reference to to destroy. When used in reference to buildings or other complex structures buildings or other complex structures (as of wood, stone, or steel), it implies (as of wood, stone, or steel), it implies complete wreckage and often a heap complete wreckage and often a heap of ruins.of ruins.

The automobile was demolished in a The automobile was demolished in a collision with the train.collision with the train.

His research has been painstaking, His research has been painstaking, and he demolishes a great many and he demolishes a great many legends.legends.

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 65. somehow: in some way not yet 65. somehow: in some way not yet

known or stated, for some reason that known or stated, for some reason that is not clearis not clear

I think she is right but somehow I’m I think she is right but somehow I’m not completely sure.not completely sure.

I think we can manage that somehow.I think we can manage that somehow. Somehow he was afraid of her. Somehow he was afraid of her. I thought I knew the way, but I thought I knew the way, but

somehow I got lost.somehow I got lost.


66. belly: (infml.) 66. belly: (infml.) abdomen, stomach & abdomen, stomach & paunchpaunch are synonyms when naming the are synonyms when naming the front part of the human trunk below the front part of the human trunk below the chestchest

abdomen: medical termabdomen: medical term stomach: When used non-technically, it stomach: When used non-technically, it

means abdomen, but specifically means means abdomen, but specifically means the organ which digests food.the organ which digests food.


belly: an informal term for abdomen, belly: an informal term for abdomen, suggesting roundness.suggesting roundness.

He has a large belly.He has a large belly. paunch: a derogatory and humorous paunch: a derogatory and humorous

term, meaning fat stomach, esp. a man's.term, meaning fat stomach, esp. a man's. The man has a paunch / a potbelly / a The man has a paunch / a potbelly / a

paunchy belly / is paunchy.paunchy belly / is paunchy.

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 67. spare: to keep from harming, 67. spare: to keep from harming,

punishing or attackingpunishing or attacking Take my money but spare my life.Take my money but spare my life. They prayed that Allah might spare They prayed that Allah might spare

the village from starvation.the village from starvation. Lay down your arms and we'll spare Lay down your arms and we'll spare

your lives.your lives. The enemy were so heinous that they The enemy were so heinous that they

even refused to spare the new-borns.even refused to spare the new-borns.

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text afford to giveafford to give Can you spare me 5 minutes?Can you spare me 5 minutes? Can you spare an extra ticket for me?Can you spare an extra ticket for me? Spare a penny, sir, for a starving man.Spare a penny, sir, for a starving man. 68. feel sick: vomit, upset in the 68. feel sick: vomit, upset in the

stomach so as to want to throw up stomach so as to want to throw up what is in it.what is in it.

He began to feel sick as soon as the He began to feel sick as soon as the ship started to move.ship started to move.

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 69. or else: or if not, or otherwise. 69. or else: or if not, or otherwise.

This expression is basically used This expression is basically used as a threat.as a threat.

He must pay $100 or else go to He must pay $100 or else go to jail.jail.

Do what I tell you or else!Do what I tell you or else!


70. commit: a. to do, to perform sth. bad, 70. commit: a. to do, to perform sth. bad, wrong or unlawfulwrong or unlawful

to commit an error / many horrible crimesto commit an error / many horrible crimes b. to order sb. to be placed under the b. to order sb. to be placed under the

control of another or in a mental hospitalcontrol of another or in a mental hospital The judge committed him to prison.The judge committed him to prison.


The court committed the man to a The court committed the man to a lunatic asylum / mental home lunatic asylum / mental home (hospital).(hospital).

c. to promise to undertake, make c. to promise to undertake, make oneself responsibleoneself responsible

The government has committed more The government has committed more money to improving basic education.money to improving basic education.

He was fully committed to the plan.He was fully committed to the plan.

71. humiliate: to cause to feel humble 71. humiliate: to cause to feel humble or to lose the respect of others, to hurt or to lose the respect of others, to hurt the pride or dignity ofthe pride or dignity of

He humiliated her beyond endurance.He humiliated her beyond endurance. 72. encounter: to meet or be faced by 72. encounter: to meet or be faced by

sth. bad, esp. a danger or a difficulty sth. bad, esp. a danger or a difficulty What if we should encounter a bear?What if we should encounter a bear?


Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 73. prejudice: an unreasonable, 73. prejudice: an unreasonable,

unfair dislike or preference of unfair dislike or preference of sb. or sthsb. or sth

Prejudice against women is Prejudice against women is becoming less severe.becoming less severe.

A judge must be free from A judge must be free from prejudice.prejudice.

racial / national prejudiceracial / national prejudice


74. on the part of: by, of74. on the part of: by, of It will arouse deep suspicions on the It will arouse deep suspicions on the

part of our allies.part of our allies. I apologize for any mistake on my part.I apologize for any mistake on my part.

75. scar: a mark remaining on the skin 75. scar: a mark remaining on the skin or an organ from a wound, cut, and etc.or an organ from a wound, cut, and etc.

Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 76. victim: a person, animal or thing 76. victim: a person, animal or thing

that suffers pain, death, destruction, that suffers pain, death, destruction, etc. as a result of other people's etc. as a result of other people's actions, of illness, bad luck, etc.actions, of illness, bad luck, etc.

tsunami victimstsunami victims 77. genetic damage: a damage or 77. genetic damage: a damage or

illness which has been passed on or illness which has been passed on or inherited and will be passed on from inherited and will be passed on from generation to generationgeneration to generation

78. earthly: of this world as 78. earthly: of this world as opposed to heaven; material opposed to heaven; material worldly as opposed to spiritualworldly as opposed to spiritual

earthly care: daily life and earthly care: daily life and worries, cares on the earth which worries, cares on the earth which is in contrast with that in heaven, is in contrast with that in heaven, in death.in death.


Structural AnalysisStructural Analysis

Part I: (para 1.) The Arrival Part I: (para 1.) The Arrival Part II: (The Japanese ...the kimono Part II: (The Japanese ...the kimono

and the miniskirt.) Way to City Halland the miniskirt.) Way to City Hall Part III: (At the door...) Meeting the Part III: (At the door...) Meeting the

MayorMayor Part IV: (the hospital) At the Part IV: (the hospital) At the

HospitalHospital

Writing TechniqueWriting Technique

1. 1. Contrast: description of the Contrast: description of the scenery and of his own emotionscenery and of his own emotion

Psychology: sorrowful and repentant.Psychology: sorrowful and repentant. Hiroshima symbolizes war crime, sin, Hiroshima symbolizes war crime, sin,

death, terror, etc.death, terror, etc. Scenery: lively, happy, vigorous, Scenery: lively, happy, vigorous,

cheerful, etc.cheerful, etc.

Writing TechniqueWriting Technique 2. 2. Humour: serious looking men, Humour: serious looking men,

bob up and down, the cab driver, bob up and down, the cab driver, the usher, meeting the mayor in the usher, meeting the mayor in his socks, spinal column flexible, his socks, spinal column flexible, Hiroshima---oysters, small man Hiroshima---oysters, small man with very large eye-glasses, his with very large eye-glasses, his eyes nearly closed behind their eyes nearly closed behind their thick lenses, etc.thick lenses, etc.

RhetoricRhetoric

Irony:a figure of speech in which the Irony:a figure of speech in which the meaning literally expressed is the opposite meaning literally expressed is the opposite of the meaning intended and which aims at of the meaning intended and which aims at ridicule, humour or sarcasm.ridicule, humour or sarcasm.

Hiroshima---the Hiroshima---the LiveliestLiveliest City in Japan City in Japan Each day of suffering that helps to Each day of suffering that helps to free my free my

from earthly caresfrom earthly cares congratulate myself on the good fortunecongratulate myself on the good fortune

that my illness has brought methat my illness has brought me

RhetoricRhetoric

Anti-Climax: the sudden appearance of an Anti-Climax: the sudden appearance of an absurd or trivial idea following a serious absurd or trivial idea following a serious significant ideas and suspensions. This significant ideas and suspensions. This device is usu. aimed at creating comic or device is usu. aimed at creating comic or humorous effects. humorous effects.

a town known throughout the world for its---a town known throughout the world for its---oystersoysters

The duties of a soldier are to protect is The duties of a soldier are to protect is country and peel potatoes. country and peel potatoes.

RhetoricRhetoric

Alliteration: the repetition of an initial Alliteration: the repetition of an initial sound that is usu. a consonant in two or sound that is usu. a consonant in two or more neighbouring words.more neighbouring words.

slip to a stopslip to a stop tested and treatedtested and treated Rhetorical Question: a question that Rhetorical Question: a question that

needs no answer, but used for emphasisneeds no answer, but used for emphasis Was I not at the scene of the crime?Was I not at the scene of the crime?

Euphemism: the substitution of Euphemism: the substitution of an agreeable or in-offensive an agreeable or in-offensive expression for one that may expression for one that may offend or suggest sth unpleasantoffend or suggest sth unpleasant

eg: eg: He was sentenced to prison---He He was sentenced to prison---He

is now living at the government's is now living at the government's expenses.expenses.

RhetoricRhetoric

The boy is a bit slow for his age.The boy is a bit slow for his age. to go to heaven---deadto go to heaven---dead to go to the bathroom, do one's business, to go to the bathroom, do one's business,

answer the nature's call, put an end to my answer the nature's call, put an end to my life.life.

Each day of suffering that helps to Each day of suffering that helps to free me free me from earthly cares.from earthly cares.

RhetoricRhetoric

MetonymyMetonymy ......little old Japanlittle old Japan adrift amid beige adrift amid beige

concrete skyscrapers ...struggle concrete skyscrapers ...struggle between between kimono and the miniskirtkimono and the miniskirt

I thought that I thought that HiroshimaHiroshima still felt the still felt the impact.impact.

RhetoricRhetoric

MetonymyMetonymy:: a figure of speech a figure of speech that that consists in using the name of one consists in using the name of one thing for that of something else withing for that of something else with which it is associated. th which it is associated.

RhetoricRhetoric

Metonymy can be derived from Metonymy can be derived from various sources: various sources:

a. Names of personsa. Names of persons Uncle Sam: the USA Uncle Sam: the USA b. Animalsb. Animals the bear: the Soviet Unionthe bear: the Soviet Union the dragon : the Chinese (a fight the dragon : the Chinese (a fight

between the bear and the dragon)between the bear and the dragon)

RhetoricRhetoric

c. Parts of the bodyc. Parts of the body heart: feelings and emotionsheart: feelings and emotions head, brain: wisdom, intelligence, head, brain: wisdom, intelligence,

reasonreason She was a girl who excited the She was a girl who excited the

emotions, but I was not one to let emotions, but I was not one to let my my heartheart rule my rule my head.head.

grey hair: old age grey hair: old age

RhetoricRhetoric

d. Profession: d. Profession: the press: newspapers, reporters the press: newspapers, reporters

etc.etc. He met the press yesterday He met the press yesterday

evening at the Grand Hotel.evening at the Grand Hotel. the bar: the legal professionthe bar: the legal profession

e. location of government, business etc.e. location of government, business etc. Downing Street: the British GovernmentDowning Street: the British Government the White House: the US president and the White House: the US president and

his governmenthis government the Capitol Hill: US Congressthe Capitol Hill: US Congress Wall Street: US financial circlesWall Street: US financial circles Hollywood: American filmmaking industryHollywood: American filmmaking industry

Documents

Lesson 2 (Excerpt) Objectives of Teaching 1.To comprehend the whole text 2.To lean and master the vocabulary and expressions 3.To learn to paraphrase