lesson objectives:1. To know what the aims and personalities of the Big Three

were To Know what the terms of the Treaty of Versailles were 2. To understand why it was so difficult for the Big Three

to agree on the terms of the Treaty of Versailles

You should have already written down detailed explanations as to why your character would choose your decision.

You now need to get into character and write down arguments for why your decision is the best one and you need to put together arguments for why choosing the other options would be disastrous for the future of world peace.

We will be holding our own Conference in 30 minutes time ....

Conference Itinerary:

1. Who should be held responsible for starting the war?

2. who should pay for the damage caused by war?

3. what should happen to Germany’s armed forces?

4. What should happen to Germany’s borders? (Rhineland, Alsace-Lorraine, Saar?)

5. What should happen to Germany’s colonies?

6. The League of Nations?

Come out of character

As a class we need to decide which options we would chose that would be fair and be the most likely to ensure world peace from now on

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

"The Allied and Associated Governments affirm, and Germany accepts, theresponsibility of Germany and her Allies for causing all the loss and damage to which the Allied and Associate Governments and their nationals have been subjected as a consequence of a war imposed upon them by the aggression of Germany and her Allies."

Article 231

Reparations:

Germany were ordered to pay the FULL cost of the damage caused by the war. The bill was £6,600 million!

Germany’s armed forces:

1. Army limited to 100,000 men

2. Germany not allowed armoured vehicles, submarines or aircraft

3. Only 6 battleships

Germany lost all of its overseas colonies, which was mainly in Africa.

New Guinea went to Australia

Samoa went to New Zealand

The Marshall, Mariana and Caroline Islands went to Japan

A League of Nations would be set up as an international ‘police force’

All major nations would be invited to be apart of it but Germany were not

THE TERMS

OF THE TREATY OF

VERSAILLES

1919

WAR GUILT CLAUSE

GERMAN NATIONAL TERRITORY

GERMANY’S MILITARY

FORCES REDUCED

GERMAN OVERSEAS

TERRITORRIES

NO UNION WITH AUSTRIA

REPARATIONS

Germany had to accept blame for starting WW1

- Army restricted to 100,000 men.

- No modern weapons such as tanks, military air force.

- Navy could not have battle ships over 10,000 tons and no U-Boats.

- Germany lost national territory which was given to Belgium and Denmark, most went to Poland.

Germany lost Chinese ports [Amoy and Tsingtao], Pacific Islands, and African colonies [Tanganika and German SW Africa].

RHINELAND TO BE DE-MILITARISED

Germany forced to pay massive fine for war damages - 1,000,000,000

Marks (6.6bn pounds).

The Treaty was designed to cripple Germany militarily, territorially and economically

Guilt clause

Armaments

Reparations

German land loss

LEague of Nations

This is a question that could easily come up in your exam so you need to be able to give a detailed answer.

Pupils are able to analyse the difficulties for agreement by referring to a number of external factors which affected the participants relationships and decisions during the conference. Factors need to be presented in a structured way and there needs to be a reasoned conclusion as to which factor was of greatest significance

Make sure you mention : The leader’s personalities The amount that their countries suffered Geographical position History - France and Germany Pressures from home (public)

Give two marks for each explained point –explain why this factor caused problems and how (max mark of 6)

Give two marks for a clear and justified conclusion

Give one mark if the answer has a good strucutre and is written well

Can you come think of any words to help us remember the following information regarding the ‘big three’

Lloyd George1. A Realist2. He promised to squeeze

the pips out of Germany3. He knew he was going

to have to Compromise4. He wanted to keep

British naval superiority5. He wanted German

colonies

Clemenceau 1. Tough and

uncompromising2. He wanted to

cripple Germany3. He wanted the

Rhineland, Alsace Lorraine

4. He wanted Germany to pay the full damage caused

Wilson 1. He wanted a treaty

based on his Fourteen Points

2. He wanted to set up a League of Nations

3. He wanted a Fair treaty

4. He wanted freedom of the seas (so USA could trade with Europe)