15Lesson 13 - Undercover Dave e-Tec Brasil

Lesson 13 - Undercover Dave

Objetivos

• Desenvolveraproficiêncianahabilidadedelisteningereading,respondendoasquestõespropostas.

• Reconhecerousodoreported speech,oempregandoemdiferentessituações.

• ConheceroconteúdodeumSpeaking test in proficiencyexams,exercitandoasestratégiasapresentadas.

• Revisaroconteúdo,aplicando-onaatividadeproposta.

Herewego!1. X-ray vision? Inthisclassepisode,DrLupovtakesRoytoseeDavetherobot,becausehealreadyknowshe isamachine.Meanwhile,Prismeets therealDaveoutsidethehotelandhelpshimgetin.Shehasabsolutelynoideaofwhatiscomingnext,andisexcitedabouthavinganexclusivewithheridol.Basedonthesesituationsandusingsomeofthecharacters’linesasexamples,inthislessonyouaregoingtostudyReported Speech,muchusedtoreportwhatpeoplehavetoldus.IntheOutloudsectionyouaregoingtostudythedifferentsoundsof the letter x,with recordedexamplesso thatyoucan listen and practice the appropriate pronunciation. The Smart point

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presentsspeaking tips, inorder tohelpyouorganizeyourspeechfasterandmoreclearlyforproficiencyexams.ThisisthelastbookofModule03,youareafewlessonsawaytofinishthiscourse.So,workhardandmakethemostofit!

Warmingup2. Pris to the rescuePrisisatthehotelwithhighexpectationstomeetDave.She’sabouttogiveupand leavewhenshesuddenlyfindsheremployee’saccesscard.ShegetstothealleyrightnexttothehoteltogetinsideandseesDave.Watchtheirconversation:

Pris:Dave?!OMG!

Dave:Huh?Oh...Yes!

Pris:Ohh,Dave!Whatathrill!

Dave:Hey!Loweryourvoice.

Pris:OK!Whatareyoudoinghere?Whataboutthisfakebeard?Andtheseclothes?

Dave:Oh...I'mundercoverbecauseofthe...

Pris:...Paparazzis!?Iknewit.

Dave:Hmm?Yeah!Iorderedmystupidbodyguardtobehereandopenthedoor

forme.

Pris:Hmm?Whydon'tyoucallhim?

Dave:Er...right!Oh,Iforgotmyphone...

Pris:Hmm...Ihaveanidea!Icanhelpyougetin.

Integrated mediaAcesseamídiaLove you, Dave!paraacompanharomomento

emquePrisencontraDave.

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Youhave justwatched thedialoguebetweenPrisandDave. Inorder tocheckyourcomprehensionofthesituationsinthisepisode,dotheactivity Infer and check.WhenDavesaysI ordered my stupid body guard to be here and open the door for me,heisusingReported SpeechtotellPrissomethinghehadpreviously toldhisbodyguard. In thenext topicyouaregoing tostudythestructureanduseofReported Speech.

3. Getting The Hang Of It

3.1 Reported Speech OReported Speech (Discurso Indireto) é utilizado para reportar, ou seja,contaraumaterceirapessoaalgoquejáfoidito.Utilizamosestaestruturadiariamente, emportuguês,paracontarsobreuma reuniãode trabalho,repassar algum comunicado importante, ou ainda, reportar fatos eacontecimentos.Vejanatabelaaseguirexemplosdesituaçõesnasquaispodemos utilizar oReported Speech. Os exemplos estão em portuguêsparaquevocêcompreendamelhorassituaçõesdeuso:

DISCURSO DIRETO - ISAAC PARA ROY

DISCURSO INDIRETO - ROY PARA PRIS

Temos que ser rápidos! Isaac me disse que tínhamos que ser rápidos.

DISCURSO DIRETO - ISAAC PARA RACHAEL

DISCURSO INDIRETO - RACHAEL PARA DAVE

Vou explicar a você. Dr. Lupov disse que me explicaria.

DISCURSO DIRETO - DAVE PARA PRIS DISCURSO INDIRETO - PRIS PARA OUTRA FÃ

Esqueci meu telefone. Dave me contou que havia esquecido seu telefone.

Como você pode perceber, o Discurso Indireto faz parte do nosso dia-a-diaeéutilizadoemdiversassituações.Aoreportarmosoquefoiditoanteriormente,háumamudançanotempodoverboprincipal,conformevocêpodeobservarnafraseditaporIsaac:

Temos que ser rápidos! verbo ter no presente

Learning activityInfer and check

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QuandoRoycontaaPrisoqueomédicodisse,elediz:

Isaac me disse que tínhamos que ser rápidos. verbo ter no passado

Viaderegra,oReported Speechexigequeoverboprincipaldaaçãoestejaumtempoatrás,ouseja,senoDiscursoDiretotemosoverbonopresente,noDiscursoIndiretoesteverboseráconjugadonopassado.

Alguns itens, como por exemplo, possessive adjectives também sofremalteração.IssopodeserverificadonafraseditaporDaveparaPris:

Esquecimeutelefone.

QuandoPriscontaaoutraparticipantedoblogoqueelehaviadito,elautilizouseu(dele)porestarfalandodotelefonedeDave:

Davemecontouquehaviaesquecidoseutelefone.

NodiálogoentrePriseDave,omúsicoutilizaoReported Speechparadizerasuafãquehaviadadoumaordemaoseusegurança.Vejanovamente:

I ordered my stupid body guard to be here and open the door for me.

NestafraseDaveutilizouoverboorderporqueeleserefereaumaordem,umcomandoquedeuaoseusegurança.VejaoqueDaveprovavelmentedisseaosegurança,utilizandooDirect Speech.PercebaqueafraseestánaImperative form:

Behereandopenthedoorforme.

ExistemdiversosverbosquevocêpodeutilizaremReported Speech,masnestaaulavocêestudaráosdoisverbosutilizadosmaisfrequentemente:sayetell.

Overbosayécomumenteseguidode that,quepodeounãoconstarnafrase,enquantotellexigeumnomepróprioouobject pronoun logoapós.

Audio

Mind the gapPossessive adjectives:my,your,

his,her,its,our,your,their.

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Normalmente,estesverbossãoconjugadosnoPast Simple:saidoutold,respectivamente.Acompanhealgunsexemplos:

Direct Speech (Isaac to Rachael) Reported Speech

Rachael, I’ll explain it to you.

Isaac said he would explain it to her.

Isaac said that he would explain it to her.

Direct Speech (Isaac to Roy) Reported Speech

We have to be fast! Isaac told Roy they had to be fast.

É preciso entender o porquê da alteração do tempo do verbo principalnoReported Speech:quandoreportamosalgofaladoanteriormente,estecomentário,instruçãoouordemjáfoiverbalizadoe,portanto,énecessárioadequar o tempo verbal aomomento em que a frase está sendo dita.Na tabelaaseguir,observeas transformações feitasnoverboprincipalquandoafraseestánoReported Speech:

Verb To be - Present Simple → Past Simple

DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH

I am undercover because of the paparazzi.

He told her he was undercover because of the paparazzi.

There to be (present) → There to be (past)

There’s a security guard over there.

Pris said there was a security guard over there.

Pris said that there was a security guard over there.

Present Continuous → Past Continuous

I’m trying to figure out what happened now.

Dave said he was trying to figure out what happened then.

Dave said that he was trying to figure out what happened then.

Audio

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Present Simple → Past Simple

Hmm… I have an idea!Pris said she had an idea.

Pris said that she had an idea.

Past Simple → Past Perfect

We didn’t order anything here. Isaac told the chambermaid they hadn’t ordered anything there.

Present Perfect→ Past Perfect

I’ve never met Roy before

Rachael said she had never met Roy before.

Rachael said that she had never met Roy before.

FrasesnoPast SimpleouPresent PerfectresultamemReported SpeechcomoverbonoPast Perfect,conformeosexemplosapresentados.Entretanto,frasesnoPast PerfectmantêmoverboprincipalnoPast PerfectquandonoReported Speech.Issoaconteceporquenãohácomodarumpassoatrásnotempoverbal,ouseja,nãoexistemaispassadodoqueoPast Perfect.Observe:

Past Perfect → Past Perfect

I hadn’t had a day off in years.

She said she hadn’t had a day off in years.

She said that she hadn’t had a day off in years.

Audio

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Ao reportarmos algo que foi dito sobre o futuro, o verbo principal seráconjugadonoquechamamosdeFuture in the past:

Going to → Future in the past

I’m going to call Powell tomorrow.

Dr. Lupov said he was going to call Powell the next day.

Dr. Lupov said that he was going to call Powell the next day.

Veja como o Reported Speech se estrutura em frases que contémModal verbs:

Can → Could

DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH

I can rob people blind if I want, but I’m too honest.

Roy told Pris that he could rob people blind if he wanted,

but he’s too honest.

May → Might

We may arrest the thief who stole our top secret information.

Powell told Donavan they might arrest the thief who stole their

top secret information.

Will → Would

Rachael, I’ll explain it to you. Dr. Lupov told Rachael he would explain it to her.

Must → Had to

We must protect the hotel against robbers.

The manager said that they had to protect the hotel against robbers.

Have to, mesmo não sendo um verbo modal, comporta-se da mesmaformaquemustquandocolocadoemReported Speech.Observe:

Have to → Had to

Now I just have to get into my room without being seen.

Dave said (that) he just had to get into his room without being seen.

Audio

Mind the gapFuture in the pastexpressaaideiadequenopassadovocêpensouquealgoacontecerianofuturo.EmfrasesdeReported Speech,Future in the pastreportafrasesnoGoing to – future.

Mind the gapOsmodaisshould,could,wouldemightnãosofremalteraçãoemfrasesdeReported Speech.Exemplo:DirectSpeech:I could do lots of things when I was younger.ReportedSpeech:He said (that) he could do lots of things when he was younger.

EmDirecteReported Speech,overbomodalmayexpressaprobabilidade.

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Além dos tempos verbais já estudados e dos modal verbs, tambémpodemos ter Reported Speech a partir da Imperative form. Neste caso,utiliza-seapenas toldpara reportaroque foidito,poisa Imperative formexpressaordemoupedido.Veja:

Imperative form - Affirmative

DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH

Shh! Be quiet, Dave! Rachael told Dave to be quiet.

Imperative form - Negative

DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH

Don’t turn the knob before inserting the card.

Roy told me not to turn the knob before inserting the card.

OReported Speech é utilizado, conforme você estudou, para reportar afala de alguém.Nocasodo seriadoDouble Trouble, Pris poderia utilizaroReported Speech para contar a outras fãs o queDave disse a ela emparticularouduranteaentrevistaparaoseublog.

Asmodificações verbaisqueocorremdoDirect Speech paraoReported Speech são feitas seguindo a regra culta da gramática. Entretanto, hásituaçõesemquenãoéprecisoalteraroverboprincipal.Porexemplo,PrisesuaamigaBellaestãoconversandoquandoLucytelefonaparacontaroqueestáfazendo:

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Pris:Hello!

Bella:Hi!IamwritinganarticleaboutDavefortheblog,OK?

Pris:Wow!Thankyou!

Bella:Mypleasure.Talktoyousoon,bye.

Quando Pris desliga o telefone, Bella pergunta o que a amiga queria.ObservecomonessasituaçãoinformalnãohánecessidadedemudarotempodoverboprincipalnafrasedoReported Speech:

Bella:Whatdidshesay?

Pris:Oh,sheiswritinganarticleaboutDavefortheblog.Great,isn’tit?

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Aoresponder,Prisfazapenasaconjugaçãonecessáriadeacordocomosujeito:LucydizIamwriting,eaocontaraBellaoquesuaamigadisse,elafazapenasaadequaçãosheiswriting.NãohouvealteraçãodopresenteparaopassadoporqueasituaçãoerainformalePrisreportoualgoqueaamigaestáfazendonaquele exato momento.

Até aqui você estudou que as frases no Reported Speech sofremmodificações no tempo verbal do verbo principal e também que,dependendodocontexto,existeanecessidadedealterarosobject pronouns.Alémdestasmudanças,tambémsefaznecessáriosutisalteraçõesnastime expressions.Vejanovamenteumdosexemplosanterioresepercebaoqueaconteceunaexpressãodetempo:

Direct Speech Reported Speech

I’m trying to figure out what happened now.

Dave said he was trying to figure out what happened then.

Dave said that he was trying to figure out what happened then.

No Direct Speech temos now, pois o falante se refere ao que estáacontecendo agora. Na frase do Reported Speech, now é substituídopor then, pois estamos nos reportando a ummomento que já passou.Acompanhenatabelaaseguiroutrasmodificaçõesnastime expressions:

Time expressions

DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH

now then at that time immediately

today yesterday that day

ago before - earlier

here there

this that

these those

yesterday the day before the previous day

tomorrow the next day the following day the day after

Audio

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tonight that night

last night the night before the previous night

this week last week that week

next week the following week the next week the week after

last week/month/year the week/month/year before the previous week/month/year

next week/month/ year the week/month /year after the following week/month/year

Comesteconteúdoépossívelquevocêjáconsigareportaralgoaalguémutilizando o Reported Speech. Lembre-se de que o contexto define asalteraçõesnecessáriasnotempoverbaldoverboprincipal,object pronounsetime expressions.PratiqueoquevocêestudourealizandoasatividadesIndirect Speech filling, Turning into Direct SpeecheListen and report.

No tópico a seguir você estudará dicas para a prova de speaking emexamesdeproficiência.

Smartpoint3.2 Speaking test in proficiency examsAo responder questões em exames de proficiência você não precisa,necessariamente,dizerexatamenteoquepensa.Suarespostaseráavaliadapela coerência e pelo conteúdo linguístico utilizado e não pela opiniãoque você emitir. Isso não significamentir,mas sim utilizar vocabulárioe estruturas gramaticais que você recorda no momento, ficando maisconfortávelesegurodoqueestádizendo.Entreosconteúdosabordadosnestemódulo,vocêjáestudoualgumasfrasesparaconcordarediscordardealguém.ParaquevocêconsigaficarmaistranquiloaorealizarotesterevisealgumasestruturasapresentadasnaLesson05paralheajudarnaconstruçãodassuasrespostas.

Algunsexamesdeproficiênciasãofeitosonlineemumcentrodeaplicaçãoautorizadoe,porisso,nãoháentrevistadornomomentodasuaprovadespeaking.Vocêouveaperguntaerespondeatravésdeummicrofone,seminteraçãocomoutrapessoa.Porestarazão,suafaladeveseromaisnítidapossível,poisoavaliadornãoterácomopedirrepetiçãodealgoqueelenão

Learning activityIndirect Speech fillingTurning into Direct SpeechListen and report

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entendeu. Considerando que você responderá as questões online, vocêmesmoseráresponsávelporcontrolarseutempoderesposta,geralmenteindicadoporumabarranapartesuperiordatela.

Tendoumtempoestipuladopararespondercadaquestãovocêdeve,antesdecomeçarafalar,planejaroquequerdizer.Suarespostanadamaisédoqueumtextoe,por isso,deveconter introdução,desenvolvimentoeconclusão.Certifique-sequeestárespondendooquefoipedidoe,casonãoconsigaexpressaropiniãoprópriasobreoassunto,utilizeideiasqueouviudeamigosouincluaalgoqueassistiuemnoticiáriosouleuemjornais.Oimportanteéresponderasquestõesdeformacompletaecumprirotempoestipulado.Paraquevocêpossapraticarcomoresponderquestõescomtempodeterminado,realizeaatividadeSmart Speaking.

Catchingaglimpse4. Are we in 1984?

Security Agencies are able to dip into any citizen’s Facebook page andGooglesearches. It seems thateveryplacepeoplegocanbeaccessedthroughcamerasspreadallaroundthecity.

ItseemsnoonewassurprisedwhenitwasrevealedthattheUnitedStateswerecollectingdataonphonecalls,internetlogsandcreditcardsintheirown country;moreover, they have been spying politicians from all overtheworld. Then youmay think: I amnot a politician. I donot have anygovernmentconnection.Iamaregularperson.Doesithappentome?Theansweris:YES.

Learning activitySmart Speaking

Integrated mediaAcesseamídiaAre we in 1984?

eacompanheoconteúdo.

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WeliveintheworldGeorgeOrwellpredictedinthebookcalledNineteeneighty-four.Hewroteanovelabouta totalitarian future ruledby theBigBrother.Oursocietyhasmuchfromwhathedescribed.Sowhatdoes itmean?InNineteeneighty-four,themaincharactergoesunderanintenseround of torture, starts loving the Big Brother and accepts its authoritybelievingthatitisthebestforhimtobesafe.Howdoesitrelatetomodernage?Wehavebeengivingupallsortsoffreedomandourrighttoprivacy.Peoplefearterrorism,fearthenewandtheunknown.Technologyhelpsusfeelsafe,butitalsodemandsustobeunderheavysecurityandmonitoredbycameraswhenweleavehome.Socialmediaplaysabigpartinwhatwebelievetobecorrectandtrue.

Somepeoplesaythatifyoudonothaveanythingtohide,youhavenothingtobeafraidof.However, knowing that thegovernmentcanmonitorourlives24/7makesusfeelreallyuneasy.Thisisoneofthemostfrighteningaspectsofourmodernsociety.Thereisprobablynoturningback,isthere?

Afterreadingthistext,dotheactivityReporting your testtoexerciseyourskillsusingthecontentstudiedinthisclass.

5. That’s A Wrap!Inthisclassepisode,RoygotveryexcitedwhenhesawDavetherobot.Meanwhile,PrisusedherfakeemployeecardtohelpDavegetinsidethehotel, under the promise of an exclusive for her blog. Based on thesesituations, in this lesson you studiedReported Speech,which is used toreportwhatpeoplehavesaid.TheSmartPointpresentedspeakingtips,sothatyouanswerproperlyinproficiencyexams,withfluencyandaccuracy.Doall theactivitiesproposed in this lessonandmake themostof yourlearning.MoveontoLesson14!

Interactive activityReporting your test

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