Lesson 1 – Opposition Essential Question What opposition developed towards Stalin before 1934?...
9
Lesson 1 – Opposition Essential Question What opposition developed towards Stalin before 1934? Learning Outcomes - Students will: ◦ Learn about early resistance to Stalin Success Criteria I can write an extended paragraph explaining the opposition Stalin faced before 1934
Lesson 1 – Opposition Essential Question What opposition developed towards Stalin before 1934? Learning Outcomes - Students will: ◦ Learn about early resistance
Lesson 1 Opposition Essential Question What opposition
developed towards Stalin before 1934? Learning Outcomes - Students
will: Learn about early resistance to Stalin Success Criteria I can
write an extended paragraph explaining the opposition Stalin faced
before 1934
Slide 2
Vocab Purge Chistka 17 th Party Congress Success Criteria I can
write an extended paragraph explaining the opposition Stalin faced
before 1934
Slide 3
Purges cleaning out or cleansing an organism of impurities
Chistka (cleansing) nonviolent where when membership came up for
renewal, they would be refused new cards Expelled for drunkenness,
corruption and not being an active member 3 phases of the purges in
the 1930s 1.Chistka of 1932~5 20% of party members are expelled
non-violently 2.Show Trials old Bolsheviks publically tried and
executed 3.The Great Terror of 1937~8 1000s of party members,
officials, armed forces and professionals were denounced, arrested
and executed
Slide 4
Party Popularity 1933 Communist Party was extremely unpopular
Rapid industrialization had created tension and stress in society
Violence of forced collectivization and the famine of 1932-33 had
alienated the peasantry, making the murder of rural Communist a
regular event Urban workers were angered by low wages, strict
controls and harsh punishments Party members are angry Cities were
overcrowded, insanitary and violent Horrified by the terror methods
used to collectivize agriculture and waging of war on the peasants
Some even committed suicide (ex. Stalins wife Nadezda Allilueva)
Local leaders in the regions were unwilling to implement central
policies and orders Argued about high grain prices, unwilling to
identify kulaks or get rid of specialists who might help them reach
production targets
Slide 5
1. Chistka (1932~35) Dec 1932 - Party leaders became angry with
this lack of party discipline resulting in the launching of the
Chistka of party members Target: do not carry out decisionsand who
are turncoats who have allied themselves with bourgeois elements By
1935 22% of party members had lost their membership Also used to
expel those who disagreed with Stalins party line
Slide 6
Ryutin Affair 1932 Former Moscow Party Secretary, Ryutin,
circulated a 200 pg. document highly critical of Stalin Called
Stalin the evil genius of the Russian revolution referring to his
personal dictatorship, urged Stalins removal and to end
collectivization Stalin wanted the death penalty but other members
of the Politburo opposed Stalin and Ryutin wasnt executed What does
this incident show about Stalins power?
Slide 7
17 th Party Congress 1934 Jan 1934 Pravada announced Socialism
in One Country has Won 26 February 1934 17 th Congress is called
Congress of Victors Belief economic change had been accomplished
and it was now possible to slow down, stabilize and reduce the
tensions caused by collectivization and rapid industrialization
Stalin made it clear he would not slacken the pace of
industrialization Sergei Kirov (Leningrad Party Boss) said the
fundamental difficulties are behind us and talked about stopping
grain seizures and increasing workers rations Stalin did badly in
Central Committee elections Kirov 3 voted against him Stalin 292
voted against him (Stalin changed this to 3) Kirov was asked by
party members to replace Stalin as General Secretary (He refused)
Is Stalin an all-powerful dictator?
Slide 8
What sort of opposition to Stalin had developed before 1934?
Using todays notes and pages 34-35, write a paragraph explaining
what opposition Stalin faced before 1934 and why. Consider: Why the
Communist Party was unpopular with the people Why many Communist
were distressed by Stalins policies What opposition Stalin faced in
the regions The Chistka of 1932-35 Opposition within the Party
leadership Stalins difficulties at the 17 th Party Congress Success
Criteria I can write an extended paragraph explaining the
opposition Stalin faced before 1934
Slide 9
Wrap Up Can we answer our question? With your partner, discuss
possible answers What What opposition developed towards Stalin
before 1934?