LESSON 1ISLAM AND AL-ANDALUS

FIVE MINUTES to READ pages 10 and 11.

VOCABULARY

• Umayyad caliphate califato Omeya• Vizier Principal Minister, below Caliph,

over others Ministers

• Amir the same as Governor

• Abbasid caliphate califato Abasí

• Protected minority minoría protegida

• Tribute tax, money that you have to pay

• Social and economic benefits ventaja

MAIN DATES

• 661 Caliph Ali was assassinated

• 732 Poitiers battle. • 750 war between Umayyads and

Abbasids.

1.3. The expansion of Islam

• 1.3.1. The first expansion: Umayyad caliphate of Damascus – The first four caliphs were direct descendant

of Muhammad– At first, the Muslims armies controlled the

entire Arabian Peninsula.– In 661, Caliph was assassinated and the

Umayyad family took power

continues

1.3. The expansion of Islam

• (…continuation)– During the Umayyad period, the title of caliph

became hereditary. The Umayyads moved the capital of the empire to Damascus

– They conquered many territories, from Persia to the Iberian Peninsula

– Umayyad Caliph had Vizier over the others Ministers and in each land, in each territory they had a Amir, as a governor.

1.3. The expansion of Islam

• 1.3.2. The consolidation of Islam – In 750 a rebellion ended the Umayyad dynasty

and the Abbasid family came into power.– Baghdad became the new capital of the empire– Internal fighting broke up (luchas internas

disgregaron) the empire. – After the 13th century, the Turks were the most

powerful people in the Islamic world.

1.3. The expansion of Islam

• 1.3.3. Integration of the conquered peoples – Yihad means Holy War and Muslims used it in

their quick expansion.– They allowed conquered people kept their own

religion.– Jews and Christians were a protected minority,

they pay a tribute and could kept their clothes, meals, religion,…

– But if you became Muslim you didn’t have to pay tribute, so most people changed their religion

Links and photos

http://www.muslimheritage.com/topics/default.cfm

ACTIVITIES

• Draw a Time Line and put Umayyad Caliphate and Abbasid Caliphate in correct place

• What happened in 732?

• Complete:During Umayyad Caliphate capital was sited in……………….. And later, with Abbasid Caliphate capital was moved to……………