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Lesson 1
Introduction to Intellectual Property Rights
T. Kimpfbeck
What is Intellectual
Property (IP)?
What are patents,
trademarks,
copyrights and
desings?
How to get
Intellectual
Property Rights
(IPRs)?
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 2
What is Intellectual
Property (IP)?
What are patents,
trademarks,
copyrights and
desings?
How to get
Intellectual
Property Rights
(IPRs)?
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 3
What is Intellectual Property (IP)?
l Intellectual Property = IP = Geistiges Eigentum
l Intellectual Property Rights = IPR = Rechte zum Geistigen Eigentum
l Legal concept
l For creations of the mind(intangable assests), e.g.
l Music, literature, artistic work
l Inventions
l Slogans, words, logos
l Product forms, shapes, colours
l For which exclusive rights (IPRs)are recognized, e.g.
l Copyrights (Urheberrechte)
l Patents
l Trademarks
l Designs
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 4
PRACTICE I – How to protect a mobile
phone
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 5
PRACTICE I - Which IPR?
☐ Patent
☐ Trademark
☐ Design
☐ Copyright
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 6
PRACTICE I - Which IPR?
☐ Patent
Trademark
☐ Design
☐ Copyright
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 7
PRACTICE I - Which IPR?
☐ Patent
☐ Trademark
☐ Design
☐ Copyright
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 8
PRACTICE I - Which IPR?
☐ Patent*
☐ Trademark
Design
☐ Copyright
*In US: „design patent“
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 9
PRACTICE I - Which IPR?
☐ Patent
☐ Trademark
☐ Design
☐ Copyright
App Icons
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 10
PRACTICE I - Which IPR?
☐ Patent
☐ Trademark
Design
☐ Copyright
App Icons
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 11
PRACTICE I - Which IPR?
☐ Patent
☐ Trademark
☐ Design
☐ Copyright
Music in iTunes
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 12
PRACTICE I - Which IPR?
☐ Patent
☐ Trademark
☐ Design
Copyright
Music in iTunes
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 13
PRACTICE I - Which IPR?
☐ Patent
☐ Trademark
☐ Design
☐ Copyright
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 14
PRACTICE I - Which IPR?
Patent
☐ Trademark
☐ Design
☐ Copyright
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 15
What is Intellectual
Property (IP)?
What are patents,
trademarks,
copyrights and
desings?
How to get
Intellectual
Property Rights
(IPRs)?
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 16
What is a Patent?
– Exclusive right• no allowance
• Prevents others from making, using, selling, distributing the invention
• However, license/ sell the patent
– Granted by a state
– To an inventor or assignee
– For a period of 20 years
– In exchange for a publication after 18 months
– For a product/method
– Which is new and inventive
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 17
Patent Laws around the World
• German Utility Model (Gebrauchsmuster)
– Max. 10 years lifetime
– Only devices
– Cheap
• US-Patent
– 12 months grace period
• EP-Patent
– Regional „bundle of patents“
– incl. e.g. NO, CH, TR
• Soon: EU Unitary Patent
– One patent for all EU states (w/o ES, IT)
Nationale.g. German Patent Law
Regional
e.g European Patent
Convention
International
Patent Copperation Treaty
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 18
What is a Design?
– Exclusive right
– Granted by a state
– To an designer or assignee
– For a 2D/3D shape, configuration or composition of pattern or color, or combination of pattern and color
– Having aesthetic value
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 19
Design Laws around the World
• Non-registered EU Community Design: 2 years lifetime
• Design in China: max. 10 years lifetime
• US Design Patent: max. 14 years lifetime
• Registered EU-Design: 25 years lifetime
EU
Nationale.g. German Design Law
Regional
e.g Community Design
Regulation
International
Hague Agreement
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 20
PRACTICE II – Designs
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 21
PRACTICE II – Design registrable?
2D or 3D appearance
Whole produt or just a part of it,
Resulting from features like: lines, contours, colours,
shape, texture and/or materials, ornamentation
Features of appearance which are solely dictated by ist
technical function
Features enabling one product to be functionally fitted to
another one („The Lego-Clause“)
Exept spare parts!
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 22
PRACTICE II – Protection
Designs may be protected if
• New
and
• Having individual character
• However, not examined during filing!
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 23
PRACTICE II – What Does the Design
Protect?
• Protected are all features being visible
• Visible during normal use
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 24
PRACTICE II – Registrable? Good
protection?Example Design Registrable y/n?
• 3D
• Aesthetic contoure and colour
• No exceptions fulfilled
Yes, register criterions fullfilled
Small scope of protection due to colours
Ventilation slots are technical but their
form and position is free
Yes, register criterions fullfilled
Also ventilation slots are protected!
Yes, register criterions fullfilled
However, obviously not new! Bad
protection!
What is a Trademark?
l A sign guaranteeing the origin, the
nature and the quality of goods and
services
l For renewable periods of 10 years
each
l Having distintive character
l Non-descriptive, non-generic
l Word mark
l Logo
l Combined signs
l 3D mark
l Color mark
l Sound trademark
Microsoft
AdidasAudiOpel
Microsoft
AdidasAudiOpel
ZDF-Jingle
Underberg-Jingle
ZDF-Jingle
Underberg-Jingle
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 26
Trademark Laws around the World
• One Community Trademark for all EU member states
– Cheap
• Compulsory use after 5 years
• ® only for registered trademarks
• „TM“ only for nonregistered US Trademarks
Nationale.g. German Trademark Law
Regional
e.g Community Trademark
Regulation
International
Madrid Trademark
Agreement
Madrider Verband (MMA + PMMA)
nur MMA
nur PMMA
EU
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 27
What is a Copyright (German Urherberrecht)?• Exlusive right for an artistic work
– Music
– Literature
– Software
– Speeches
• Lifetime: life of the author + at least 50 years
• Transfer only by licence (inalienable [unveräußerlich])
• Copyright collectives (e.g. GEMA) ...
• GNU, Copyleft ...
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 28
What is Intellectual
Property (IP)?
What are patents,
trademarks,
copyrights and
desings?
How to get
Intellectual
Property Rights
(IPRs)?
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 29
How to get IPRs?
Patents:
Designs:
Trademarks:
Copyrights:
By application By public use/ creation
By use: e.g. for fashion industry
By use: e.g. Coca-Cola
Application: e.g. in US
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 30
How to get a patent
Invention
Patent
application
Patent Office
Patent-
erteilung
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 31
Legal Support
• www.signo-deutschland.de
• www.dpma.de/amt/aufgaben/auskunftsstellenundrecherchesaele
• www.patentanwaltskammer.de
• www.forte.tum.de
Employed?
Univ. or
Company?
Yes
Employee inventor
• E.g. TUM ForTeUniv.
Employee inventor
• Companies‘ patent
department
Company
Free inventor:
• SIGNO
• Erfinderberatung PIZ
• Patentanwaltskammer
No
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 32
The Way to a Patent
file application
completeness
check
application date
search
reply on search
report
publication
patent application not public
in this period
time line
application date 0 3 – 8 months + set period priority (1 year) publication date
(after 18 months)
file corresponding
applications abroad
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 33
The Way to a Patent
examination
reply on exam.
report
grant of patent
opposition
revocation action
time line
3 months – 8 years + set period (4-6 months) grant date x grant date x + 9 months (DE, EP) anytime
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 34
Priority [Zeitrang]
• = right on application date of a first patent application
• esp. for subsequent foreign applications
take priority date 1 year before
corresponding
applications abroad
02.11.2010
first application
time line
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 35
Prior Art [Stand der Technik]
• prior art = all information that has been made available to the public in any form before the effective date of patent (application date / priority date)
time line
corresponding
applications abroadfirst application
product launch prior art document prior art document0
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 36
Patent Family
DE
~
Priority
application
0 12 30 31 months ~ 6 years
PCT
~
Int.
application
DE
FR
GB
EP
US
JP
CN
time line
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 37
Summary
• One product – many IPRs
• Similarities and differences of IPRs
• Where to get support for inventions/patents
Thank you, for your attention!
Questions?
12.08.2014
· Thomas Kimpfbeck ·
EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY 38