Lesson 1 Intro Disaster

8/2/2019 Lesson 1 Intro Disaster

1/10

Definition

Causes of Disaster

Scale of Disaster

Few Recent examples

Disaster Preparedness

Emergency Operations

Plan

Disaster Mitigation

Programmes

Community-Based

Approach to education

and public awareness

Disaster Resistant

Architecture


2/10

Disaster management - new area ofsocial concern and practice

Disaster: hazard, emergency, vulnerability, and risk

A serious disruption of the

functioning of society, causing

widespread human, material orenvironmental losses which

exceed the ability of affected

small-scale, local disasters are not recorded in official statistics

magnitude of the physical damage caused and the loss of human life is

increasing day by day

soc e y o cope us ng on y s

own resources


3/10

Mortality due to natural hazards 1990 - 2000


4/10


5/10

Two Types: Natural and Manmade

Natural disasters: caused by extreme occurrences in nature for which societyis unprepared. They destroy the basic conditions of life for the victims, who

lack the resources to recover in the short or medium term

1995: Kobe earthquake damages totalling US$ 100 billion

1998: flooding in Bangladesh and India left more than 4,700 dead

and 66 million homeless, destroyed 1.2 million buildings and

1998: Hurricane Mitch in Central America claimed a death toll of

more than 9,000 with almost 13,000 injured and it left 2 million

homeless. The total damage came to over US$ 7 billion

1999: earthquake in Turkey claimed over 17,000 lives with 44,000

injured. destroyed or badly damaged a total of 400,000 buildings

1999: Landslides in Venezuela and severe storms in France caused

economic losses in both countries about US$ 10 billion


6/10

Sudden onsetlittle or no warning,

minimal time toprepare i.e. an

earthquake, tsunami,

cyclone, volcano, etc.

Slow onset

develop;

first the situation

develops

second level is anemergency; the third

level is a disaster.

i.e. drought, civil

strife, epidemic, etc.


7/10

Geographical location

Hydro meteorological, seismic, volcanic conditions

Low level of development Poor building fabric of housing

Increase in density change in distribution pattern and land use

More urbanization: cutting of slopes/ stoppage of waterchannels etc.

Extraction of natural resources

Human intervention in the climatic system Fragile ecosystems (forest clearance, soil erosion, single

cropping practices)

Absence of warning systems


8/10

Impacts of Disaster direct and indirect effects

people lose their homes, their

belongings, the very basis of

their livelihood

direct losses in productivesectors

Production losses lead to the

1. Infrastructure

damage2. Telecommunication

loss

3. Power disruption

4. Water problems

5. Loss/damage to

housing

dismissal or unemployment loss of jobs reduces income and

curbs spending power

affects trade and transportationas well

Economic collapse

Social unrest

6. Flooding7. Landslides

8. Agricultural damage

9. Damage to inland

and coastalenvironments

10. Disruption of

standard of living,

lifestyle, etc


9/10

Hazards are extreme natural events

with a certain degree of probability of

having adverse consequences

Vulnerability: to protect oneself

against the adverse impacts of natural

events and, on the other hand, torecover quickly from their effects

Disaster Risk =Hazard x Vulnerability

ca e o sas er s epen enon: Lead Time Available Intensity of Hazard

Duration Spatial Extent Density of Population & Assets Time of Occurrence


10/10

Documents

Lesson 1 Intro Disaster